Xanthopimpla nipponensis, Watanabe & Matsumoto, 2021

Watanabe, Kyohei & Matsumoto, Rikio, 2021, Revision of the genus Xanthopimpla Saussure, 1892 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from Japan, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 68 (2), pp. 269-297 : 269

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.68.69768
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7E2958A3-5E87-4218-8689-F9D2C98A0E24
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F3F40B2B-88AA-4978-9750-2C6B3238C5DB
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:F3F40B2B-88AA-4978-9750-2C6B3238C5DB
treatment provided by	Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift by Pensoft
scientific name	Xanthopimpla nipponensis
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Xanthopimpla nipponensis sp. nov.

Figs 2A, B View Figure 2 , 3D, K, N, P View Figure 3 , 4H View Figure 4 , 5I, P View Figure 5 , 6A, F View Figure 6

Xanthopimpla brachyparea : Ishii 1932: 409; Esaki et al. 1938: 342. Misident.

Xanthopimpla sp. nov.: Townes et al. 1965: 63.

Xanthopimpla sp. C: Watanabe 2011: 17.

Type series.

Holotype: F, Japan, Honshu, Kanagawa Pref., Odawara City, Iriuda, Mt. Ishigaki-yama, 4 Sep 2014, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH). Paratypes: Japan: [Honshu] 1 F, Saitama Pref., Ranzan Town, Syogunzawa, 9 Sep 2000, T. Nambu leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Tokyo, Okutama Town, Hikawa, 29 Jun 2007, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, ditto, 30 Jun 2007 (KPMNH); 1 F, Kanagawa Pref., Yokohama City, Enkaizan, 13 Oct 2008, K. Kubo leg. (KPMNH); 1 F, Aichi Pref., Mt. Sanage, 21-27 Aug 1992, T. Kanbe leg. (YPT) (MU); 1 M, Kyoto Pref., Maizuru City, Nyo, 20 Jun-10 Jul 2011, T. Murao leg. (OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 10-20 Sep 2011 (OMNH); 1 F (DNA-Pol-711), Nara Pref., Yamataokouriyama City, Yata-cho, 19 Jan 2019, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Nara Pref., Asuka Vil., Amakashinooka, 15 Dec 2014, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 2 F, Osaka Pref., Minomo, 22 May 1932, N. Tosawa leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Osaka Pref., Minoo City. Monou Park, 9 Mar1996, F. Omiya leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Osaka Pref., Kawachinagano City, Chihayaguchi, 5 Sep 1980, E. Nishida leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Osaka Pref., Kaizuka City, Kibitani, 28 Jun 1999, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F (DNA-Pol-718), Hyogo Pref., Sanda City, Ohara, 21 Jan 2019, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1F, ditto, 16 Jan 2020, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Hyogo Pref., Kobe City, Futatabi-san, 2 Feb 2009, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Tottori Pref., Ketaka, Tsuyutani, 30 Aug 1935, H. Aoki leg. (OMNH); 1 F, ditto, 20 Sep 1937 (OMNH); 1 F, Okayama Pref., Niimi City, Kusama, 31 Aug 1989, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH). [Shikoku] 1 F, Kochi Pref., Tosa Town, Jingamori, 22 Aug 2000, R. Matsumoto leg. (OMNH); 1 F, Ehime Pref., Oda Town, 30 Jul 1993, E. Yamamoto leg. (NIAES); 1 F, ditto, 14 Aug 1995 (NIAES).

Comparative diagnosis.

This species belongs to the terebatorix species group sensu Townes and Chiu (1970). This species resembles X. brevicauda brevicauda Cushman, 1925 in the body colouration and the short ovipositor, but it can be distinguished by the punctures on the face, separated by more than their diameter, except for punctures on the median part, separated by 0.2 × their diameter (separated by about 0.7 × their diameter in X. brevicauda brevicauda ), the propodeum with equal width of anterior and posterior margins of area superomedia (anterior margin narrower than posterior margin in X. brevicauda brevicauda ), the hind trochanter without black marking (with large black marking in X. brevicauda brevicauda ) and the base of hind fifth tarsomere not yellowish (yellowish in X. brevicauda brevicauda ).

Description.

Female (n = 18). Body covered with silver setae, polished, largely smooth, length 7.3-11.2 (HT: 10.5) mm,

Head 0.53 × length of width in dorsal view. Clypeus almost flat in lateral view, sparsely punctate, except for ventral margin, 0.63-0.67 (HT: 0.65) × length of maximum width. Face 1.0 × length of maximum width, sparsely punctate laterally (separated by ca. 1.0-2.0 × their diameter) and densely punctate medially (separated by ca. 0.2 × their diameter). Frons with a conspicuous convexity medially. Length of malar space 0.3 × length of basal mandibular width. OD: POL: OOL = 1.0: 0.7-0.75 (HT: 0.7): 0.75-0.85 (HT: 0.85). Antenna longer than fore wing. Flagellum with 33-35 (HT: 34) flagellomeres. Length of FL I 4.0 × length of maximum depth in lateral view, 1.48-1.54 (HT: 1.48) × length of F II.

Mesosoma. Epomia short. Front end of notaulus with a sharp-edged transverse crest. Notauli not reaching past centre of mesoscutum, their posterior ends not joined with each other. Mesoscutum sparsely and finely punctate anteriorly, smooth posteriorly (Fig. 2B View Figure 2 ), its anterior end weakly protruding anteriorly. Scutellum smooth, roundly convex, with a lateral carina that reaches apex (Fig. 3K View Figure 3 ). Mesopleuron sparsely punctate dorsally, densely punctate ventrally. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum with a roundly produced lamella, which has a shallow median notch (Fig. 3N View Figure 3 ). Metapleuron smooth, except for a few, fine and sparse setae. Propodeum smooth, except for area spiracularis and area lateralis covered with sparse and fine punctures, with lateral section of anterior transverse carina, anterior and median sections of lateromedian longitudinal carina, lateral longitudinal carina, posterior transverse carina and pleural carina, without hill-like swelling (Fig. 4H View Figure 4 ). Anterior end of lateral longitudinal carina extending 0.45-0.5 (HT: 0.45) length of outer side of area spiracularis in dorsal view (Fig. 4H View Figure 4 ). Both anterior and posterior margins of area superomedia almost equal in length. Fore wing length 6.7-8.8 (HT: 8.0) mm. Areolet present, receiving vein 2m-cu slightly distant of middle. Hind femur 2.3-2.4 (HT: 2.4) × length of maximum depth in lateral view. Pre-apical bristles of mid- and hind tibiae 1-2 (HT: 1) (Fig. 5I View Figure 5 ). Apical bristle of mid- and hind tibiae 2-3 (HT: 2) (Fig. 5I View Figure 5 ). Ratio of length of hind first to fifth tarsomeres 1.7-1.8 (HT: 1.7): 1.0: 1.0: 0.7: 1.3. Largest bristle on hind and mid-tarsal claws slightly widened next to apex and its apex sharply pointed (Fig. 5P View Figure 5 ).

Metasoma. T I 1.0-1.1 (HT: 1.1) × length of maximum width, largely smooth, with a weak transverse depression subapically (Fig. 6A View Figure 6 ). Latero-median carina of T I complete, except for apex obscured (Fig. 6A View Figure 6 ). Dorso-lateral carina of T I absent, except for base. T II 0.5-0.55 (HT: 0.55) × length of maximum width, sparsely punctate. T II to T VI with a posterior transverse foveolate groove. T III to T VIII densely punctate. Ovipositor sheath 0.36-0.4 (HT: 0.38) times as long as hind tibia. Upper valve of ovipositor gradually narrowed towards apex, with dorsal minute teeth apically (Fig. 6F View Figure 6 ). Lower valve of ovipositor with 6-7 (HT: 7) distinct teeth (Fig. 6F View Figure 6 ). Ovipositor downcurved apically (Fig. 6F View Figure 6 ).

Colouration (Figs 2A, B View Figure 2 , 3D View Figure 3 , 4H View Figure 4 , 5I View Figure 5 ). Body (excluding wings) yellow. Apex of mandible and ocellar area black. Dorsal surface of scape and pedicel blackish-brown. Flagellum dark yellowish-brown to dark brown. Mesoscutum with three black spots anteriorly and a black spot in front of scutellum. Propodeum without black spots. Wings hyaline. Veins and pterostigma blackishbrown to brown, except for yellowish-brown wing base and base of pterostigma. Base of hind tibia and hind tarsal tarsomere tinged with black. Hind fifth tarsomere darkened. T I, T III to T V and T VII with a pair of black spots. T II sometimes (not including HT) with a pair of very small black spots. Ovipositor dark reddish-brown. Ovipositor sheath black.

Male (n = 1). Similar to female. Length of malar space 0.2 × length of basal mandibular width. Pre-apical bristles of mid-tibia 3. Apical bristle of mid-tibia 4. T II with a pair of conspicuous black spots.

Distribution.

Japan (Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu).

Bionomics.

In Japan, adults were collected in February, May to October and December. In Honshu, winter is passed in the stage of adult (Fig. 8C View Figure 8 ). The wintering habit of this species is similar to that of X. clavata and these species are sometimes found wintering sympatrically, adults resting under the leaf of broad-leaved, evergreen trees, such as Castanopsis cuspidata , Ilex pedunculosa and Camellia japonica . All wintering specimens observed were female exclusively. Host is unknown.

Etymology.

The specific name is from Nippon (= Japan).

Remarks.

Ishii (1932) recorded this species from Nagasaki (Kyushu) as X. brachyparea with an illustration, which was referred to by Esaki et al. (1938). We could not find the voucher specimen, but we concluded that it belongs to X. nipponensis sp. nov. judging from the illustration and added Kyushu to the distribution of this species.