Verruconis soli Yasanthika, Tennakoon & Wanas., 2023
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.609.1.3 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8263505 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E73F48-FF97-FFD3-FF07-6BA0BAD1E102 |
treatment provided by |
Plazi |
scientific name |
Verruconis soli Yasanthika, Tennakoon & Wanas. |
status |
sp. nov. |
Verruconis soli Yasanthika, Tennakoon & Wanas. , sp. nov.
Index Fungorum number: IF 558479, Faces of Fungi number: FoF 12888, FIGURE 5 View FIGURE 5 .
Etymology—The specific epithet “soli”, from Latin, refers to the soil, the substrate of which the holotype was collected.
Holotype — MFLU22-0257
Asexual morph: Conidiophores 20–62 × 1–3.5 µm (x = 39 × 2 μm, n = 20), micronematous, mononematous, solitary, unbranched, cylindrical to sub-cylindrical, straight to slightly flexuous, hyaline to brown, smooth. Conidiogenesis cells holoblastic, determinate, and rarely intercalary. Conidia 5–11 × 3–4.5 µm (x = 8 × 3.5 μm, n = 20), hyaline, obovoid, smooth becoming sub-cylindrical or ellipsoidal, slightly verruculose thick and sometimes pale brown, 1-septate and constricted at the septum at maturity. Sexual morph: Undetermined.
Culture characteristics:— Colonies on PDA at 25 °C after 7 days become 3.5 cm diam., irregular margined, velvety, dark brown, raised, grayish brown at center, reverse dark brown. Mycelium hyaline, become pale brown to brown at maturity, 1–3 µm (x = 1.5 µm), smooth to verruculose, septate.
Material examined:— Thailand, Chiang Rai, 20°4’35”N, 100°5’43”E, 450 m, from forest soil, 7 January 2020, W.A.E. Yasanthika ( MFLU 22-0257 View Materials , holotype) GoogleMaps ; ex-type living culture MFLUCC 22-0082 View Materials ; ( MFLU 22-0253 View Materials , paratype) , ex-paratype living culture MFLUCC 22-0090 View Materials .
Notes— Verruconis is aggregated with thermophilic species, and several have been reported from the soil, viz., V. gallopava from thermal soils, V. verruculosa from grassland soils, and V. thailandica from soils near the waterfall ( Zhang et al. 2018, Hernández-Restrepo et al. 2020, Shen et al. 2020). Herein, we introduce V. soli from soil in Thailand with morpho-molecular justifications. Verruconis soli is phylogenetically adjacent to V. hainanensis ( YMF 1.04165), V. pseudotricladiata ( YMF 1.04915), and V. mangrovei ( NFCCI 4390, NFCCI-4389) ( FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 2 ). Though V. soli has low bootstrap support in the phylogenetic tree, and pairwise comparisons of LSU and ITS sequences of closely related species ( TABLE 5 View TABLE 5 ) showed significant differences that are higher than 1% in each scenario, which is common to many species in this genus. Further, they differ ecologically from V. soli as V. hainanensis and V. pseudotricladiata have been reported from freshwater habitats ( Qiao et al. 2019) while V. mangrovei reported from marine habitats ( Hyde et al. 2020). Verruconis hainanensis , V. pseudotricladiata , and V. soli ( MFLUCC 22-0082) are mainly distinguishable by their conidiophores and conidial morphology. Verruconis hainanensis and V. pseudotricladiata have macronematous conidiophores, whereas V. soli ( MFLUCC 22-0082) has micronematous conidiophores ( Qiao et al. 2019). In addition, V. soli ( MFLUCC 22-0082) has sub-cylindrical or ellipsoidal, 1-septate mature conidia and obovoid immature conidia, while V. hainanensis has fusiform, 3-septate conidia that are rostrate at the apical cell ( Qiao et al. 2019). Verruconis pseudotricladiata has staurosporic, branched or unbranched conidia (cylindrical-clavate and 2–4-septate while branched conidia are Y-, or T-shaped) ( Qiao et al. 2019). Furthermore, the conidia of V. hainanensis and unbranched conidia in V. pseudotricladiata have a slight constriction at the median septum, but V. soli ( MFLUCC 22-0082) have a prominent constriction at the septum and septation is absent at immature stages in conidia. Verruconis mangrovei has been recorded as a sexual morph ( Hyde et al. 2020); therefore, we could not compare the morphological characteristics with our collection. The base pair differences of ITS sequences between V. mangrovei and V. soli were 31% (with gaps). Therefore, we accommodate V. soli ( MFLUCC 22-0082) isolated from forest soils in Thailand as a new species with morpho-molecular support.
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