Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) tetraporus, Döker & Khaustov & Joharchi, 2021

Döker, Ismail, Khaustov, Vladimir A. & Joharchi, Omid, 2021, A new species of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) De Leon and redescription of T. (A.) montanus Chant & Yoshida-Shaul from Russia, Zootaxa 4951 (2), pp. 372-380 : 373-376

Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) tetraporus sp. nov.

( Figs 1–11 )

Diagnosis. Dorsal shield strongly reticulated with four pairs of solenostomes (gd2, gd4, gd6 and gd9). Peritreme extending almost to level of setae j1. Sternal shield smooth with two pairs of setae, setae ST3 and ST4 on separate platelets, sclerotised v-shaped plate posterior to sternal shield; genital shield smooth; ventrianal shield reticulated with four pairs of setae and pair of small rounded solenostomes. Calyx of spermatheca bell-shaped; atrium large nodular attached to calyx without neck. Fixed digit of chelicera with four teeth and movable digit with one tooth. Genu II with eight setae. Leg IV with one short and blunt-tipped macroseta, shorter than distance between its base and dorsal slit organ, knob absent. Other legs without macrosetae.

Female (n=6).

Dorsum ( Figures 1 , 7, 8, 9 ). Dorsal setal pattern 12A:8A (r3 and R1 off shield). Dorsal shield sclerotised, strongly reticulated, with waist at level of seta R1 . Shield bearing four pairs of solenostomes (gd2, gd4, gd6 and gd9), 14 pairs of poroids (sensilla) visible on shield. Muscle-marks (sigilla) visible mostly on podosoma, length of dorsal shield 332 (322–339), width (at level of s4) 180 (177–185), width (at level of S2) 197 (193–204). Dorsal setae smooth, except Z4 and Z5 slightly serrated. Measurements of dorsal setae as follows: j1 22 (19–23), j3 29 (27–30), j4 21 (20–21), j5 22 (20–23), j6 25 (24–25), J2 27 (26–28), J5 14 (13–15), z2 24 (23–24), z3 30 (29–30), z4 30 (29–30), z5 24 (23–24), Z4 38 (37–38), Z5 50 (48–52), s4 34 (33–35), s6 35 (33–36), S2 37 (35–38), S4 36 (35–38), S5 30 (29–30), r3 32 (30–33) and R1 28 (27–28).

Peritreme. 183 (170–194) in length, extending to level between setae j1 and j3, almost to base of j1.

Venter ( Figure 2 , 10 ). Ventral setal pattern 15:JV:ZV. Sternal shield smooth except few anterolateral striations, lightly sclerotised; with two pairs of setae (ST1 and ST2) and two pairs of pores (iv1 and iv2); length (ST1–ST2) 34 (33–35), width (distance between setae ST2) 56 (55–56); setae ST3 situated on separate platelets; sclerotised vshaped plate posterior to sternal shield; metasternal setae ST4 and pair of pores (iv3) on metasternal shields. Genital shield smooth, width at level of genital setae (ST5) 53 (50–56), para-genital poroids iv5 on integument. Ventrianal shield pentagonal, reticulated. Four pairs of pre-anal setae (JV1, JV2, JV3 and ZV2), and pair of small rounded solenostomes (gv3) between setae JV3, distance between pre-anal pores 39 (37–40). Pair of para-anal (Pa) and post-anal seta (Pst) present. Length of ventrianal shield 111 (108–114), width at level of setae ZV2 98 (97–100). Setae ZV1, ZV3, JV4, JV5 and five pairs of poroids on integument surrounding ventrianal shield. Setae JV5 smooth, 46 (45–47) in length.

Gnathosoma . Anterior margin of epistome rounded and smooth. Hypostomal groove with seven transverse rows of denticles, each row with two or three teeth; subcapitular setae h1 20, h2 19 (19–20) h3 19, slightly shorter than palp coxal setae (pc) 25 (24–25). Chaetotaxy of palps: trochanter with two setae; femur with five setae; genu with six setae; tibia with 14 setae; tarsus with 15 setae. Chelicera ( Figure 3 ). Fixed digit 26 (25–27) long, with four teeth and pilus dentilis; movable digit 26 (25–27) long with one tooth.

Spermatheca ( Figures 4 , 11 ). Calyx bell-shaped, 13 (12–14) in length; atrium large nodular attached to calyx without neck.

Legs ( Figures 5, 6 ). Length of legs (base of coxae to base of claws): leg I 300 (293–304); leg II 243 (234–251); leg III 221 (217–226); leg IV 299 (291–315). Chaetotaxy as follows: Leg I: coxa 0 0/1 0/1 0, trochanter 1 1/1 0/2 1, femur 2 3/1 2/2 2, genu 2 2/1 2/1 2, tibia 2 2/1 2/1 2. Leg II: coxa 0 0/1 0/1 0, trochanter 1 0/1 0/2 1, femur 2 3/1 2/1 1, genu 2 2/1 2/0 1, tibia 1 2/1 1/1 1. Leg III: coxa 0 0/1 0/1 0, trochanter 1 1/1 0/2 0, femur 1 2/1 1/0 1, genu 1 2/1 2/0 1, tibia 1 1/1 2/1 1. Leg IV: coxa 0 0/1 0/0 0, trochanter 1 1/1 0/2 0, femur 1 2/1 1/0 1, genu 1 2/0 2/1 1, tibia 1 1/0 2/1 1. Apical sensorial setal cluster of tarsus I with six modified setae. Leg IV with one blunt-tip macroseta, knob absent, StIV 33 (32–34). Other legs without macrosetae.

Male. Unknown.

Type material. Holotype female and three paratype females from grass in Ai-Petri mountains , Yalta , Crimea, 44°27’ N, 34° 02’ E, 1160 meters above sea level, 8 August 2019. Two female paratypes from grass in same location, 16 August 2020, collector V. A. Khaustov.

Etymology. The name of the new species “ tetraporus ” refers to four pairs of solenostomes on the dorsal shield.

Differential Diagnosis

This new species was compared with all Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) species known to date ( Fang et al., 2018; Demite et. al., 2020). Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) tetraporus can be distinguished from all known species of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) by the combination of following characters; peritreme extending almost to level of setae j1, four pairs of solenostomes on dorsal shield, two pairs of setae on sternal shield, a sclerotised v-shaped plate posterior to sternal shield, four pairs of pre-anal setae, a pair of small rounded pre-anal solenostomes, differentiated and larger atrium of spermatheca, bell-shaped calyx of spermatheca and eight setae on genu II.

Some species of the subgenus, such as T. (A.) montanus , T. (A.) nobilis ( Kuznetsov, 1984) , T. (A.) paraevectus Moraes & McMurtry, 1983 , and T. (A.) rarus Wainstein, 1961 have also four pairs of solenostomes, but with different combinations. The solenostomes gd4 are absent and gd8 are present in all of the aforementioned species, however, the former are present and the latter are absent in the new species. Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) tetraporus is also similar to some other known species of the subgenus from the western Palaearctic region in terms of general appearance and nature of the dorsal and the ventral shields. For example, T. (A.) aktherecus ( Kolodochka, 1979) , T. (A.) halinae ( Wainstein & Kolodochka, 1974) , T. (A.) kerkirae Swirski & Ragusa, 1976 , T. (A.) pirianykae ( Wainstein, 1972) , T. (A.) ponticus ( Kolodochka, 1992) , T. (A.) salviae ( Kolodochka, 1979) and T. (A.) spiralis ( Wainstein & Kolodochka, 1974) . However, as opposed to the new species all of these species have a relatively smaller atrium which is incorporated within the base of the calyx of spermatheca and all have five pairs of solenostomes on dorsal shield. Furthermore, a v-shaped sclerotised plate posterior to sternal shield is absent in the aforementioned species except for T. (A.) kerkirae which is also differs by having seven setae on genu II as opposed to eight in the new species.

The electronic polytomous key to species of the subgenus of the world also used to check whether the new species could match any other Anthoseius ( Hernandes et al., 2020). A total of 35 characters (14 are discrete and 21 are continuous) were used to discriminate the new species ( Hernandes et al., 2012). As a result, only three species, T. (A.) ghanii ( Muma, 1967) , T. (A.) loralaiana ( Muma, 1967) and T. (A.) macrum Ke & Xin, 1983 were listed in remaining species. However, it should be noted that solenostomes gd8 are present in the first two species, and gd4 are absent in the latter, according to their original descriptions. Despite the fact that these characters were listed as discrete characters, these species could not be eliminated in the key. In addition, the new species is distinctly different from all others based on spermatheca morphology.

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) tetraporus sp. nov., female. 1. Dorsal shield; 2. Ventral idiosoma; 3. Chelicera; 4. Spermathecae; 5. Leg IV; 6. Apical sensorial setal cluster of Tarsus I. Scale bars = 100 μm for 1, 2; 20 μm for 3, 4; 50 μm for 5; 10 μm for 6.

FIGURES 7–11. DIC micrograps of Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) tetraporus sp. nov., female. 7. Dorsal shield; 8. Mediolateral region of dorsal shield with solenostomes gd4 and gd6; 9. Posterolateral region of dorsal shield without solenostome gd8; 10. V-shaped plate posterior to sternal shield; 11. Spermatheca.