Trilacuna aoxian Tong & Li, 2024

Tong, Yanfeng, Shao, Yongbo, Bian, Dongju & Li, Shuqiang, 2024, Two new oonopid spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) from Xishuangbanna tropical rainforest, Yunnan, China, ZooKeys 1205, pp. 333-348 : 333-348

Trilacuna aoxian Tong & Li sp. nov.

Figs 5 , 6 , 7 , 8

Type materials.

Holotype ♂ ( SYNU - 989 ): China, Yunnan Prov., Menglun , XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 57.669 ' N, 101 ° 11.893 ' E, 790 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 3 / 2007 ; Paratypes: 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 990 ), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, searching by hand, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 5–12 / 1 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 991 ), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, searching by hand, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 19–25 / 11 / 2006 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 992 ), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, searching by hand, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 5–12 / 12 / 2006 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 993 ), XNNR, secondary tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 54.767 ' N, 101 ° 11.431 ' E, 880 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 3 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 994 ), XNNR, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 54.607 ' N, 101 ° 17.005 ' E, 633 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 6 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 995 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 4 / 2007 ; 4 ♂ ( SYNU - 996 –999), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 1 / 2007 ; 3 ♂ ( SYNU - 1000 –1002), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 2 / 2007 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 1003 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 57.445 ' N, 101 ° 12.997 ' E, 744 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 2 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1004 ), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, searching by hand, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 19–25 / 11 / 2006 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 1005 ), XNNR, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 54.607 ' N, 101 ° 17.005 ' E, 633 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 3 / 2007 ; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1006 –1008), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 1 / 2007 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 1009 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 57.669 ' N, 101 ° 11.893 ' E, 790 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 2 / 2007 ; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1010 –1012), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 1 / 2007 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 1013 ), XNNR, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest, searching by hand, 21 ° 54.607 ' N, 101 ° 17.005 ' E, 633 m, Guo Zheng leg., 19–25 / 2 / 2007 ; 3 ♂ ( SYNU - 1014 –1016), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 57.445 ' N, 101 ° 12.997 ' E, 744 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 2 / 2007 ; 3 ♂ ( SYNU - 1017 –1019), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 57.669 ' N, 101 ° 11.893 ' E, 790 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 2 / 2007 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 1023 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 2 1 ° 57.445 ' N, 101 ° 12.997 ' E, 744 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 2 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1024 ), XNNR, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 54.607 ' N, 101 ° 17.005 ' E, 633 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 7 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1027 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, searching by hand, 21 ° 57.669 ' N, 101 ° 11.893 ' E, 790 m, Guo Zheng leg., 19–25 / 10 / 2006 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 1028 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, searching by hand, 2 1 ° 57.445 ' N, 101 ° 12.997 ' E, 744 m, Guo Zheng leg., 19–25 / 1 / 2007 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 1029 ), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 2 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1030 ), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 2 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1031 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, searching by hand, 21 ° 57.669 ' N, 101 ° 11.893 ' E, 790 m, Guo Zheng leg., 19–25 / 2 / 2007 ; 1 ♂ ( SYNU - 1032 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 57.669 N, 101 ° 11.893 ' E, 790 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 1 / 2007 ; 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1033 ), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, searching by hand, 21 ° 57.445 ' N, 101 ° 12.997 ' E, 744 m, Guo Zheng leg., 10–20 / 6 / 2007 ; 3 ♂ ( SYNU - 1034 –1036), XNNR, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 57.669 ' N, 101 ° 11.893 ' E, 790 m, Guo Zheng leg., 16–31 / 2 / 2007 ; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ ( SYNU - 1048 –1050), XTBG, primary tropical seasonal rain forest, pitfall traps, 21 ° 55.035 ' N, 101 ° 16.500 ' E, 558 m, Guo Zheng leg., 1–15 / 1 / 2007 .

Diagnosis.

The new species is similar to Trilacuna changzi Tong & Li, 2020 in having long, thick setae on male endites, the tortuous, tube-like globular structure of endogyne, and the deep depressions on carapace, but it can be distinguished by the densely mucronate structure on sub-distal area of bulb (Fig. 8 F, H ) vs without mucronate structure ( Tong et al. 2020: figs 5 A, C, E), the rows of short, black thorn-like setae and cluster of short setae on epigastric region of male (Fig. 5 E ) vs a cluster of dense, short setae behind epigastric region ( Tong et al. 2020: arrow in fig. 4 C), and the triangular plate on epigastric region of female having the height / length = 0.33 (Fig. 6 G ), vs the height / length = 0.45 in T. changzi ( Tong et al. 2020: fig. 6 G).

Description.

Male (holotype). Body yellowish brown, chelicerae, sternum and legs lighter; habitus as in Fig. 5 A, C ; body length 1.62. Carapace (Fig. 5 B, G ): 0.77 long, 0.63 wide; sides smooth; lateral margin with small denticles; posterior surface with deep depressions and group of large hair bases. Eyes (Fig. 5 B, F ): ALE largest; PLE and PME nearly equal in size; ALE – PLE separated by less than ALE radius; PME touching each other; posterior eye row recurved as viewed from above, procurved as viewed from front. Clypeus (Fig. 5 F ): height about 0.75 times of ALE diameter, with a triangular, pointed, clypeus median projection (cmp). Mouthparts (Fig. 7 C ): labium deeply incised, endites with two short, thick setae and two very long, thick setae. Sternum (Fig. 5 D ): surface smooth. Abdomen (Fig. 5 A, C, E, H ): 0.86 long, 0.66 wide; booklung covers ovoid, surface smooth; epigastric region strongly elevated, with two rows of short, black thorn-like setae and cluster of short setae. Palp (Figs 7 A, B , 8 A – I ): orange; 0.57 long (0.15, 0.13, 0.11, 0.18); femur elongated (width / length = 0.64); bulb oval, with densely mucronate structure on sub-distal area; embolus system with many hair-like structure and a single slender posterior branch.

Female ( SYNU - 990 ). Same as male except as noted. Body habitus as in Fig. 6 A, C, E ; body length 1.81. Carapace (Fig. 6 B, F ): 0.73 long, 0.65 wide. Abdomen (Fig. 6 A, C, E, G ): 1.08 long, 0.82 wide. Epigaster (Figs 6 G , 7 D ): with a triangular plate, the height / length = 0.33. Endogyne (Fig. 7 E ): with narrow, transverse sclerite (tsc), an anterior stick-shaped sclerite (as), and a posterior tortuous, tube-like globular structure (glo); transverse bars (tba) with two lateral apodemes (ap).

Etymology.

The specific name comes from Chinese pinyin, “ aoxian ”, which means “ depression ” and is in reference to the deep depression on posterior surface of carapace; noun in apposition.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality.

Figures

Figure 5. Trilacuna aoxian sp. nov., male holotype A, C habitus in dorsal and ventral views B, D, F, G prosoma in dorsal, ventral, anterior and lateral views, black arrows show large hair bases E, H abdomen in ventral and lateral views, black arrow shows the rows of short, black thorn-like setae, white arrow shows cluster of short setae. Abbreviations: cmp = clypeus median projection; dep = deep depressions. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A – D, F – H); 0.2 mm (E).

Figure 6. Trilacuna aoxian sp. nov., female paratype (SYNU - 990) A, C, E habitus in dorsal, ventral, and lateral views B, D, F, H prosoma in dorsal, ventral, lateral and anterior views G abdomen in ventral view. Abbreviations: boc = booklung covers; cmp = clypeus median projection; dep = deep depressions; tp = triangular plate. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A – H).

Figure 7. Trilacuna aoxian sp. nov. A male left palp, prolateral view B male left palp, retrolateral view C male endites and labium, ventral view, white arrow shows the short, thick setae, black arrow shows two very long, thick setae D, E endogyne in ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: ap = apodemes; as = anterior sclerite; glo = tube-like globular structure; ldi = labium deep incision; tba = transverse bars; tp = triangular plate; tsc = transverse sclerite. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – E).

Figure 8. Trilacuna aoxian sp. nov., male left palp, SEM A, B, C prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views D, E bulb, prolateral and retrolateral views F, G, I distal part of bulb, prolateral, retrolateral and dorsal views H detail of bulb, arrow shows the mucronate structure. Abbreviations: emb = embolus; spb = slender posterior branch. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A – E); 0.02 mm (F – I).