Tokyosoma taroko, Mikhaljova, Elena V., Golovatch, Sergei I. & Chang, Hseuh-Wen, 2010

Mikhaljova, Elena V., Golovatch, Sergei I. & Chang, Hseuh-Wen, 2010, The millipede family Diplomaragnidae in Taiwan, with descriptions of nine new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida), Zootaxa 2615, pp. 23-46 : 26-27

Tokyosoma taroko sp. nov.

Figs 5–8 , 34 .

Material examined: Holotype: 1 male ( NMNS –6345–004), Taiwan, Nantou County, Ren-ai Township, Taroko National Park, Dayuling, western slope of Mt Maomu, Mt Bilu Trail, 24°11.095’ N, 121°18.615’ E, 2580 m, primary broad-leaved forest near stream, 11 October 2009, leg. L. Dányi & E. Lazányi; Paratypes: 1 male, 1 female ( IBSS), same locality as in holotype, 11 October 2009, leg. L. Dányi & E. Lazányi; 1 male, 1 juvenile ( NMNS –6345–005), 1 male ( HNHM), 1 male ( ZMUM), Taiwan, Nantou County, Xiulin Township, Taroko National Park, Dayuling, SE slope of Wufanaiwe Shan, 24°12.000’ N, 121°18.024’ E, 2546 m, disturbed secondary broad-leaved forest with stream, 12 October 2009, leg. L. Dányi & E. Lazányi.

Diagnosis: Differs from congeners mainly by the shape of the posterior gonopod lateral coxal branch with a lateral, thin, serrate blade in the middle portion and a beak-shaped distal portion supplied with a longitudinal ridge caudally and small baton-shaped outgrowths laterally.

Description: Male. Length about 19 mm, width with paraterga about 1.5 mm. Coloration in alcohol pale brown with a transverse brown (marbled dark brown in anterior part of body) band on each meta- and prozonite growing increasingly broader towards hind part of body. Paraterga with vague lighter spots. Venter and lower portion of pleura pale. Legs with marbled brown distal parts. Head brown with marbled brown spots and bands. Ocellaria black. Antennae brown.

Body with 29 segments. Head covered with relatively long, sparse setae excluding its densely setose anterior part. Each eye patch composed of at least 25 ocelli. Collum semi-circular. Body width gradually increasing until somite 7, body parallel-sided on somites 8–15(16), thereafter gradually tapering. Beginning from somite 4, paraterga normally developed, growing increasingly less distinct towards hind part of body, strongly reduced on somite 26, absent from somites 27–29. Paraterga of somites 2 and 3 small. Metazonital macrochaetae in a transverse row on somite 28, like an elongate (to different degrees) triangle on preceding somites. Numerous macrochaetae broken off, remaining ones in anterior and posterior parts of body long, pointed apically.

Leg pairs 3–7 somewhat enlarged. Leg pairs 3 and 4 without tarsal papillae. Claw of leg pairs 3 and 4 at base with two dorsal, additional, small claws and a short setiform filament ventrally. Leg pair 5 with several funnel-shaped tarsal papillae apically near claw. Claw of leg 5 at base with two small additional claws dorsally and a thin setiform filament ventrally. Leg pairs 6 and 7 with a small group of funnel-shaped tarsal papillae apically near claw. Claw of leg pairs 6 and 7 at base only with a long setoid filament ventrally. Postgonopodal legs (including leg pairs 10 and 11) without tarsal papillae. Claw of leg pairs 10 and 11 at base with one small additional claw dorsally and a long setoid filament ventrally. Claw of midbody and hindmost legs at base with one small additional claw dorsally and a long setoid filament ventrally.

Legs 10 and 11 with coxal glands. Coxa 10 with low papillae, supplied caudoventrally with a somewhat flattened setose process with an anteriad curved apex, and with a front, subapical, awl-shaped outgrowth ( Fig. 5 ). Trochanter 10 with a tiny ventral outgrowth setose apically. Coxa 11 covered with low papillae mainly caudally, without processes ( Fig. 6 ). Trochanter 11 with a caudal process rounded apically; distal portion of the process covered with papillae mesally.

Anterior gonopod telopodite 1-segmented, flagelliform, beset with cuticular spinules mesally, its distal portion positioned inside sheaths with elevated edges ( Fig. 7 ). Telopodite base and distal part of coxosternum attached to adjacent mesal portion of posterior gonopod. Posterior gonopod colpocoxites fused sub-basally, curved posteriad distally. Mesal sheath processes of posterior gonopod colpocoxites fused medially into a single cup-shaped structure (ms) carrying pointed spinules caudally. Lateral sheath processes (lp) cup-shaped, covered with pointed spinules caudally. Posterior gonopod angiocoxite with a globule, but without process in posterior view.

Posterior gonopod coxal part with a long, lateral, flat branch (lb) carrying a lateral, thin, serrate blade (bb) in middle portion, as well as with a beak-shaped distal portion supplied with a longitudinal ridge (r) caudally and small baton-shaped outgrowths laterally. Anterior surface of distal part of branch lb covered with low papillae. Basal part of this branch fused with both colpocoxite and anterior angiocoxite.

Angiocoxite depressed centrally on anterior face ( Fig. 8 ), with a long process (ap) penetrating colpocoxite and visible outside in anterolateral view. Apex of anterior angiocoxal process curved caudad and visible in posterior view. Posterior gonopod telopodite 2-segmented, with a short femur.

Female. Length about 16 mm, width with paraterga about 1.5 mm. Body with 29 segments. Nonsexual characters as in male. Vulvae not dissected.

Name: The specific epithet refers to the type locality, a noun in apposition.

Figures

FIGURES 5 – 8. Tokyosoma taroko sp. nov., male paratype. 5, coxa and trochanter 10, front view; 6, coxa and trochanter 11, caudal view; 7, gonopods, caudal view; 8, gonopods, front view; ms, mesal sheath processes of posterior gonopod colpocoxites; lp, lateral sheath process of posterior gonopod colpocoxite; lb, posterior gonopod lateral coxal branch; bb, blade of posterior gonopod lateral coxal branch; r, ridge of posterior gonopod lateral coxal branch; ap, anterior process of posterior gonopod angiocoxite. Scale in mm.

FIGURES 33 – 37. Tokyosoma serratum sp. nov., male paratype (33); Tokyosoma taroko sp. nov., male holotype (34); Tokyosoma distinctum sp. nov., male paratype (35). Tokyosoma cornutum sp. nov., male holotype (36); Tokyosoma spinifer sp. nov., male holotype (37). Habitus in lateral view. Numerous macrochaetae broken off. Photographed not to scale.