Thysananthus convolutus var. convolutus

Sukkharak, Phiangphak, 2015, A systematic monograph of the genus Thysananthus (Lejeuneaceae, Marchantiophyta), Phytotaxa 193 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

6a. Thysananthus convolutus var. convolutus

Keel without appendage. Underleaf apex plane or incurved. Perianth keels in upper 1/3 with triangular teeth, the teeth consisting of 7–8 cells, being 2–3 cells wide at base and ending in a row of 1–2 cells. Fig. 14 .

Distribution and ecology:— Indomalesia; 10–1900 m; on stems of treelets in old cocoa plantations with leguminous shade trees and in old garden sites with regrowth species, as well as on bark of living trees and fallen trees in lowland rain forests (primary and secondary forests), and in montane forest canopy. Fig. 5C .

Representative specimens:— India. ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: Andaman Islands, Port Blair, July 1890, Man s.n., ex hb. Levier “302” (G, W), ibid., 12 April 1891, Man s.n., ex hb. Levier 743 (G), ibid., 13 July 1891, Man s.n., ex hb. Levier 775 (G), ibid., 1893, Man s.n., ex hb. Levier 742 ( BM, G 5 packets, JE, S 2 packets); Nicobar Islands , Katchal, Kurz 3875 (G) . Thailand. NAKHON SI THAMMARAT: Mt. Khao Luang , Touw 11642 ( BKF) , Tagawa & Kitagawa T 5045, T5246 (G); Mt. Khao Nan Yai, Sukkharak 208, 348 ( BCU) , ibid., San Yen, Sukkharak 769, 770, 787, 801, 803, 813 ( BKF, GOET) . Malaysia. JOHORE: Mt. Ophir , Verdoorn 123, 155, 188 ( SING) .— KELANTAN: Gunung Stong Forest Reserve , Kien-Thai 3981 ( KLU) .— PAHANG: Frasers Hill , Schäfer-Verwimp & Verwimp 18593 ( BR) ; at start of path to Pine Tree Hill, Fraser Hill, Wood 1343 ( BM) .— PENANG: Penang hill, Ridley 549, 553 ( SING) ; Penara Bukit , Ridley 566 ( SING) .— SABAH: Mt. Kinabalu, camp on path to Paka cave , Wood 1526 ( BM, JE) , ibid., Eastern Shoulder , ridge below Camp III, Chew & al. 2011, 2131, 2140 ( BM) , ibid., summit trail, Sukkharak 607, 694 ( BCU) , 15 August 1989, Wallace s.n. ( NSW) ; Tenompok, Holttum 25328 ( SING) .— SARAWAK: Mt. Dulit, October 1932, Richards s.n., Hep. Sel. Crit. Verdoorn 397 ( BM, G, JE, SING, U, W), Richards 2012 ( JE 2 packets), 2052 ( BM, JE) , 2357 (BM); plot 1, Mr. J.A.R. Anderson’s sample line at Kabang protected forest, Wood 1421 ( BM, JE) .— SELANGOR: Semangko Pass , 1904, “Nurdozc” s.n. ( SING) . Indonesia. JAVA: Cibodas Botanical Garden , Gradstein 10204, 10205, 12078 ( GOET) , ibid., April 1894, Schiffner s.n., Hep. Sel. Crit. Verdoorn 282 ( BM 2 packets, BR, C, G 2 packets, GOET, JE, PC, S, SING, U, W), ibid., Tjibureum, April 1894, Schiffner s.n., Hep. Sel., Crit. Verdoorn 283 ( BM 2 packets, BR, C, G 2 packets, GOET, JE, PC, S, SING, U, W), Massart 1173, 1200 ( BR) , Meijer B 3681 (G, PC, S, W), B3789 ( BM, G, PC, S, W), Renner 127, “131”, 174 ( JE) ; Yogyakarta, Gedongan, without date, Kurz s.n. (G).— MOLUCCAS: Ambon, without date, Zippelius s.n. (L) .— SUMATRA: Berastagi , garden of former BPM-hotel, Sipman 6897 ( U) .— SULAWESI: Central Sulawesi, Lake Kalimpaa, Lore Lindu National Park , Gradstein 10324 ( GOET) , ibid., Mt. Rorekatimbu , Gradstein 12154, 12155, 12158 ( GOET) , 12156 (GOET, JE), ibid., Bariri , Gradstein 12011 ( GOET) ; Todjamboe , July 1929, Kjellberg s.n. ( JE) .— SUMATRA: West Indragiri , Meijer 314 ( NICH) .— WESTERN NEW GUINEA: West Papua, Arfak Mts. , Beccari 1875 ( JE) . Philippines. AGUSAN DE NORTE: trail from Bo. San Antonio to submit, Tan & Navarez 84–404 ( NICH) .— BENGUET: Baguio, Burgeff 8080 ( JE) .— NEGROS ORIENTAL: Laka Danao, Sibulan, Edaño 13102 (L); Matangwa river , Edaño 13027 (L) .— ORIENTAL MINDORO: Mt. Halcon , Salgado 88.P.12131 ( BR) .— QUEZON: Polillo , 5 June 1909, McGregor s.n. ( BM, L), Robinson 9299 (L); Digisit beach, Santos 338 ( JE) ; Dimasingay, Santos 360 ( JE) . Papua New Guinea. EASTERN HIGHLANDS: near Famin, Kainantu-Okapa road, Streimann 26392 ( JE) ; track to Mt. Michael , Streimann 18803 ( JE, LAE) ; Mt. Gahavisuki nature reserve , Aptroot 18780 ( U) .— GULF: Hepataewa , Streimann 33853 ( JE) .— MILNE BAY: Wapon, Cruttwell 511 (L) .— MOROBE: Mt. Kaindi , Gradstein 3796 ( U) , Shea 6540 ( NICH) ; Blue point, Gradstein & Sipman 7883 (G), Oomsis logging area, Streimann 25841, 25879, 25885, 25889 ( JE) ; Herzog Mts., Streimann & Umba 10993 ( JE, LAE) ; Gumi creek, Streimann 25052, 25137, 25141, 34943 ( JE) ; Slate-Gumi creeks divide, Streimann 13829, 13918 ( JE) , 13856 (JE, LAE); upper Watut river, Streimann 33054 ( JE) ; Ekuti divide, Bulolo-Aseki road, Streimann 26106 ( JE) ; Labu swamp, Streimann 25559, 25702 ( JE) ; upper Nawatu Banda , Streimann 24883 ( JE) .— SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS: Lama sawmill, Streimann 26579, 26608, 26660 ( JE) ; Kengaput, Streimann 26848 ( JE) ; Piribu sawmill, Streimann 32515 ( JE) ; Andawe river , Streimann 26530 ( JE) .— WEST NEW BRITAIN: Kapi T.R.P., Kapiura river , Kolema 107 ( JE) .— WEST SEPIK: Blackwater refugee camp, Mundua 300 ( JE) . Solomon Islands. GUADALCANAL: above Tasi-

Thysananthus ( Lejeuneaceae , Marchantiophyta) Phytotaxa 193 (1) © 2015 Magnolia Press • 29 camp along track to Malakuna, van Zanten 68–2435/b (JE).— WESTERN: Kolombangara Island, Braithwaite 4429 (JE).

Taxonomic notes:— Thysananthus convolutus is morphologically very similar to T. gottschei but differs from the latter by toothed leaves and underleaves (entire in T. gottschei ) and triangular perianth teeth, which are 1–2 cells long (laciniate perianth teeth, 2–4 cells long in T. gottschei ).

The original material in the Nees herbarium (STR) contains 5 specimens. Four are Thysananthus convolutus and only one has the mention “ Υ ”. Since “ Υ ” was cited by Lindenberg in the protologue of T. convolutus , I have chosen the “ Υ ” material as the lectotype also because it provides the best match with the protologue. No type material of T. convolutus was found in the Lindenberg herbarium (W) or in herbarium Leiden (L). Although there is no collector cited, the material is from the same locality as T. spathulistipus , as mentioned in the protologue. I, therefore, assume that the material was collected by Blume. Molecular analysis has resolved T. convolutus as polyphyletic ( Sukkharak et al. 2011b).

Figures

FIGURE 5. Distribution of Thysananthus species. A. Thysananthus amazonicus (Spruce) Schiffn. B. Thysananthus spathulistipus (Reinwardt, Blume & Nees) Lindenb. C. Thysananthus convolutus Lindenb. D. Thysananthus mollis Steph., E. Thysananthus pancheri (Steph.) Hürl. F. Thysananthus anguiformis (Hook.f. & Taylor) Taylor ex Gottsche, Lindenb. & Nees G. Thysananthus comosus Lindenb. H. Thysananthus fruticosus (Lindenb. & Gottsche) Schiffn. I. Thysananthus aculeatus Herzog. J. Thysananthus appendiculatus Steph. K. Thysananthus montanus Gradst., X.-L. He & Piippo. L. Thysananthus retusus (Reinw., Blume & Nees) B.M.Thiers & Gradst. M. Thysananthus gottschei (Jack & Steph.) Steph. N. Thysananthus ciliaris comb. nov. O. Thysananthus discretus Sukkharak & Gradst.

FIGURE 14. Thysananthus convolutus Lindenb. A. Portion of shoot, ventral view. B. Leaves, ventral view. C. Underleaves, ventral view. D. Female bracts, ventral view. E. Female bracteole, ventral view. F. Perianth, dorsal view. G. Perianth, ventral view. H. Leaf apices. I. Margin cells of leaf lobe. J. Median cells of leaf lobe. K. Basal cells of leaf lobe. L. Leaf lobule apices. M. Cross section of stem. N. Oil bodies. (A–M from the lectotype; N from Sukkharak 717 (BKF, GOET)).