Thraumata peruviensia, Goldstein, Paul Z. & Zilli, Alberto, 2019

Goldstein, Paul Z. & Zilli, Alberto, 2019, Thraumata, a new genus from South America with description of a new species from Peru (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), ZooKeys 867, pp. 139-160 : 139

Thraumata peruviensia sp. nov. Figs 5 , 6 , 14 , 15 (habitus); Figs 21 , 22 (male genitalia); Fig. 26 (male abdomen); Fig. 28 (female genitalia)

Material examined.

Type material. PERU (11♂, 6♀): Holotype ♂ (USNM), Oconeque Carahaya Perou S. E.; Dognin Collection; USNMENT01440384. Paratypes (10♂, 6♀; USNM, NHMUK, AMNH): Males: same data as holotype, Dissection 148129, USNMENT01440371, BOLD Process ID LNAUW3137-17; same data as holotype, USNMENT01440341; Quinton, Carabaya, Peru, 5000 ft, i 1905. G. Ockenden [Joicey Bequest Brit. Mus. 1934-120] [NHMUK]; 2♂ Oconeque, Carabaya, Peru. 5000 ft, ii 1905, G. Ockenden; 1♂, Joicey Bequest Brit. Mus. 1934-120; 1♂, Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1 [NHMUK]; 2♂ Oconeque, Carabaya, 7000 ft., dry s., July 1904 (G. Ockenden), Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1 [NHMUK]; 3♂ Oconeque S. E. Peru, Feb’ 05 7000 ft, G. Ockenden [2♂, 67. 20. Ex Coll. Ed. Brabant 1920 / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1; 1♂ - 1909-89. [NHMUK]. Females: same data as holotype, Dissection 148130, USNMENT01440374; PERU: Cusco Machu Picchu 2885 m 5.II.1959 J.F.G. Clarke, USNMENT01440443; Macchu Pichu [sic] Peru II-11 1966 B. Heineman [AMNH]; Oconeque, Carabaya, Peru. 5000 ft, ii 1905, G. Ockenden; Joicey Bequest Brit. Mus. 1934-120 [NHMUK]; Oconeque, Carabaya, 7000 ft., dry s., July 1904 (G. Ockenden), Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1 [NHMUK]; Oconeque S. E. Peru Feb’ 05, 7000 ft G. Ockenden, 67. 20. Ex Coll. Ed. Brabant 1920/Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939-1 [NHMUK]

Diagnosis.

Thraumata peruviensia is most readily distinguished from the other two species by the combination of its larger size and distinctive vesica. In this and the previous species, the dominant ground color of forewing is gray, darker in the present species than in T. petrovna . This feature, the less pronounced white lining of pattern elements, particularly in basal and medial fields of forewing, and the comparatively reduced abdominal scent tufts in the male most readily distinguish this species pair from the more uniformly brown ground coloration of T. subvenata . In the new species the triangular tooth projecting from the dark brown distal fascia of the forewing is longer than in T. petrovna , and there are at least two distinct white streaks on the hindwing underside instead of one.

Description.

Head. Vestiture as in T. petrovna . Thorax. Vestiture a mix of grayish-brown scales intermixed with white, especially within tegulae. Wings. Forewing lengths: males (including holotype 15.3 mm) 14.2-15.3 mm (N = 3, x ¯ = 15.0 mm, M = 12.5 mm); females, 15.5-16.8 mm (N = 3, x ¯ = 16.1 mm, M = 16.1 mm). Forewing coloration dominated by gray scaling suffused with white, lines for the most part obscured, although in some individuals antemedial and postmedial lines still discernible as faint, thin pale gray lines. Four areas of more uniform, chocolate-brown scaling: an elongate, obtuse subtriangular smudge in lower basal field from wing base to antemedial line; an oblique band in place of median shading between from reniform stigma and inner margin, dark filling between orbicular and reniform stigmata, and in fascia bearing outwardly projected median tooth of distal field, this fascia lined externally with silvery white. Forewing underside nearly uniform chocolate brown excepting paler white inner marginal area; the shading on the hindwing underside interrupted by two-three conspicuous pale streaks, fading towards wing base. Legs. White outward, otherwise as brown as in previous species. Abdomen. Abdominal segments predominantly gray, ringed with pale cream-colored scales distally; abdominal brushes lacking. Male genitalia. Sacculus squared. Sclerotized lateral band on phallus less pronounced than in petrovna , vesica with three rudimentary subbasal diverticula and reduced para-basal plate from distal end of the phallus. Female genitalia. Ductus bursae quite short relative to distended corpus bursae. Anterior and posterior apophyses roughly co-equal. Papillae anales densely setose. As in other Thraumata , the ductus seminalis arises from a bulge at the posterior end of the corpus bursae.

Immature stages.

Unknown.

Etymology.

The name peruviensia is a neuter pleural adjective, in reference to the country of origin of the new species, in coordination with the generic name Thraumata .

Distribution.

Southeastern Peru.

Remarks.

This species is very similar in appearance to T. petrovna but consistently larger and occurring at higher altitudes. An incomplete barcode sequence (658bp - 88n = 570bp) was generated from a 1905 male specimen, USNMENT01440371 corresponding to USNM dissection 148129 ( Figs 21 , 22 ), BOLD sample ID USNM_PG_H03.

Figures

Figures 1 - 9. Dorsal habitus of Thraumata species. 1 T. subvenata Holotype ♂, Guyana, USNMENT 00973242 2 T. subvenata, USNMENT 01440366 ♀, Suriname 3 T. petrovna ♂ USNMENT 01440358, Brazil 4 T. petrovna Holotype ♀ USNMENT 00973124, Costa Rica 5 T. peruviensia Holotype ♂ USNMENT 01440371, Peru 6 T. peruviensia ♀ USNMENT 01440374, Peru 7 - 9 Holotype specimen labels of Thraumata species 7 Phuphena subvenata Schaus 8 Leptina petrovna Schaus 9 Thraumata peruviensia sp. nov.

Figures 10 - 15. Ventral habitus of Thraumata species. 10 T. subvenata Holotype ♂, Peru, NHMUK 010606200 11 T. subvenata, USNMENT 01440366 ♀, Suriname 12 T. petrovna ♂ USNMENT 01440358, Brazil 13 T. petrovna Holotype ♀ USNMENT 00973124, Costa Rica 14 T. peruviensia Holotype ♂ USNMENT 01440371, Peru 15 T. peruviensia ♀ USNMENT 01440374, Peru.

Figures 18 - 22. Thraumata male genitalia. 18 - 20 T. petrovna dissection 148363, USNMENT 01422625, Brazil 18 Apparatus 19, 20 Phallus 21, 22 T. peruviensia, dissection 148129, USNMENT 01440371 21 Apparatus 22 Phallus.

Figures 25, 26. Thraumata male abdomens. 25 T. peruviensia dissection 148134, USNMENT 01440385 26 T. peruviensia dissection 148129, USNMENT 01440371, Brazil.

Figures 28, 29. Thraumata female genitalia. 28 T. peruviensia dissection 148130, USNMENT 01440374 USNM, Brazil 29 T. petrovna dissection 148127, USNMENT 01440363, Peru.