Stichelia bocchoris (Hewitson, 1876)

Dias, Fernando Maia Silva, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2013, Revision of the genus Stichelia Zikán (Riodinidae: Riodininae: Symmachiini), with the description of a new species from southern Brazil, Zootaxa 3693 (4), pp. 579-593 : 588-591

Stichelia bocchoris (Hewitson, 1876)

( Figs 15–22 , 27–28 , 37–38 , 48–50 )

Amarynthis bocchoris Hewitson, 1876 . p. 81, [pl. 43] ( Erycinidae Limnas , &c).

Phaenochitonia bocchoris ; Stichel 1911. p. 242.—Stichel 1930. p. 519–520.

Phaenochitonia bocchoris bocchoris ; Kirby 1877. p. 757.—Kirby 1879. p. 201.—Thieme 1907. p. 13.—Stichel 1930. p. 519– 520.—Brown & Mielke 1967. p. 149.

Phaenochitonia bocchoris suavis Stichel, 1911 . p. 242, fig. 19a.—Stichel 1916. p. 15 (cited as Phaenochitonia bocchoris Stich. (Hew.)) .—Stichel 1923. p. 7.—Stichel 1930. p. 519–520; syn. nov.

Phaenochitonia ( bocchoris ) suavis; Seitz 1916. p. 678, pl. 134–i.

Phaenochitonia bocchoris f. suavis; Zikán 1928. p. 19.

Stichelia bocchoris ; Brown 1992. pp. 164–165, figs 58–59.—D’Abrera 1994. p. 1049, [figs 7–9].—Hall & Willmott 1996. p. 649–650.—Hall & Harvey 2002. p. 189, fig. 6G.—Iserhard, Quadros, Romanowski & Mendonça 2010. p. 317.

Stichelia bocchoris bocchoris ; Callaghan & Lamas 2004. p. 165.—Emery, Brown & Pinheiro 2006. p. 89.

Stichelia bocchoris suavis ; Zikán 1949. p. 539.—Mielke 1995. p. 767.—Callaghan & Lamas 2004. p. 165.—Iserhard & Romanowski 2004. p. 658.—Dolibaina, Mielke & Casagrande 2011. p. 348.—Francini, Duarte, Mielke, Caldas & Freitas 2011. p. 64— Casagrande, Dolibaina, Carneiro, Dias, Leite & Mielke [2012]. p. 300.

Diagnosis. Forewing length, male: 11–12mm; female: 11.5–13mm (n=10) ( Figs 15–22 , 27–28 ). It is the only species of the " bocchoris " species group in which the orange band of the hindwing is absent. However, three specimens have some orange scales scattered at the end of the discal cell on both wings. The forewing has a single orange band which extends diagonally from the costal margin from near the end of the discal cell to the posterior half of the outer margin, sometimes reaching the tornus. The thickness and length of this band are highly variable. The male genitalia ( Figs 37–38 ) of S. bocchoris are larger than other species of Stichelia : tegumen squared, ventral projection of the tegumen and dorsal projection of the saccus straight, slightly folded dorsally; uncus retangular in lateral view and distally with a small median projection in ventral view; gnathos "C" shaped as in S. pelotensis ; posterior projection of the saccus shorter than in other species of the “ bocchoris ” species group; aedeagus thicker and longer when compared to other species of Stichelia ; anterior projection of the saccus slightly bilobed as in S. dukinfieldia ; valva small, shorter than in other species but somewhat similar to the valva of S. pelotensis . Female genitalia ( Figs 48–50 ) similarly large, with the lamella postvaginalis arched in ventral view; bursae copulatrix with ductus bursae twisted medially and folded before the corpus bursae; corpus bursae with a single pointed signus; papilla analis similar to other species of the “ bocchoris ” species group, but larger and proximally slightly curved.

Taxonomic comments. Amarynthis bocchoris Hewitson, 1876 shares similar wing pattern, morphology of the male and female genitalia; and is sympatric and continuously distributed with Phaenochitonia bocchoris suavis Stichel, 1911 syn. nov. The width of the orange band on the forewing, proposed by Stichel (1911, 1916) to differentiate these taxa, is highly variable and both narrow and wide orange bands can be found in a single locality. Nevertheless, there are differences on the color of the hind wing fringe linked with distribution, suggesting some degree of disconnection between the northern (Distrito Federal, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and northern São Paulo) ( Figs 19–22 ) and southern populations (Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul) ( Figs 15–18 ). In the northern population, the fringe is generally white only at the apex, the rest of the fringe consists of grayish brown scales ( Fig. 28 ); while in the southern population the fringe is generally distinctly white from the apex to the tornus ( Fig. 27 ). This distinction agrees with the current usage of the two names: while suavis is usually adopted to southern populations (e.g. Mielke 1994, Dolibaina et al. 2011), the nominotypical subspecies is usually adopted to northern populations (e.g. Emery et al. 2006). However, the type series of suavis include two males from Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, in which the fringes are white only at the apex, and a female from Rio Grande do Sul, in which the color of the fringe is inconspicuous or white only at the apex in both taxa, and therefore uninformative; additionally, there is a number of intermediate specimens along the range of both taxa. Hence, we propose to synonymize the name suavis with S. bocchoris and regard S. bocchoris as an intraspecific variable, widespread species.

Biology. The only host plant known for the genus is a record for S. bocchoris : an unidentified species of Miconia (Melastomataceae) in the state of Paraná, Brazil (J. M. S. Bizarro, pers. comm. apud Beccaloni et al. 2008).

Distribution. Unlike other species of the group, this taxon occurs in forest habitats of Brazil, in the Distrito Federal and the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, at elevations between 600–2000m ( Fig. 50 ). Most specimens of this taxon (circa 92%) were registered between January and March (n=90), similar to the temporal distribution of other species of the genus.

Type material. This species was described based in an unknown number of specimens from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The type specimen of Amarynthis bocchoris Hewitson, 1876 has the following labels: /Hewitson Coll. 79–69. Amarynthis bocchoris .3./ Type / (deposited at BMNH).

The type series of Phaenochitonia bocchoris suavis Stichel, 1911 comprises two males from Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and one female from an unknown locality in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The lectotype, here designated to avoid future confusion between subspecific names (ICZN 1999), has the following labels: / Coll. Staudinger/ suavis Stich./ Brasilia Nov[a]. Frib[urgo, Rio de Janeiro]./ Amarynthis N[ew].S[pecies]. (Hew.)/ Type / LECTOTYPE Phaenochitonia bocchoris suavis Stichel, 1902 Dias, Dolibaina, Casagrande & Mielke det. 2013/ LECTOTYPUS / (deposited at ZMHU). The characteristic lectotype label will be sent to the curator of the collection.

Examined material. BRAZIL, Distrito Federal, Brasília, Fazenda Água Limpa, 1♀, 2.II.1978, Gifford leg., DZ 22.966 (DZUP); Minas Gerais, Carmo do Rio Claro, 1♂, VIII.1948, Carvalho & Castro leg., DZ 23.356 (DZUP); Catas Altas, Caraça, 1300m, 1♀, 16–18.IX.2006, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 22.956 (DZUP); Delfim Moreira, 15km SE, 1500–1700m, 2♂, 22–23.I.2004, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 22.996, DZ 22.986 (DZUP); Conceição do Mato Dentro, Serra do Cipó, 1000–1300m, 2♂, 30.I.1985, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 23.426, DZ 23.126 (DZUP); 1 ♂, 7.XI.1973, Moure & Mielke leg., DZ 22.976 (DZUP); Virgínia, Fazenda dos Campos, 1500m, 1♂, no date, Zikán leg., DZ 23.116 (DZUP); 1♂, 13–15.II.2010, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 23.066 (DZUP), Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia, 1500m , 1♀, 22.I.1936, Gagarin leg., DZ 23.406 (DZUP); Itatiaia, Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, 1300 –1700m, 1♂ & 1♀, 12.I.1973, Mielke leg., DZ 22.934, DZ 23.316 (DZUP); 1♂ & 1♀, 21.I.1969, Mielke & Brown leg., DZ 23.176, DZ 23.276 (DZUP); São Paulo, Campos do Jordão, 3♂ & 3♀, 8– 12.II.1982, Mielke & Casagrande leg., DZ 22.936, DZ 23.056, DZ 23.196, DZ 22.946, DZ 23.535, DZ 23.286 (DZUP); 1♂, no location, no date, no collector (USNM); Campos do Jordão, Fazenda Guarda, 1♀, 15.II.1942, no collector, DZ 22.803 (DZUP); Campos do Jordão, Umuarama, 1800m, 1♂, 8–15.III.1937, Gagarin leg., DZ 23.036 (DZUP); 1♂ & 2♀, 3–15.II.1937, Gagarin leg., DZ 23.695*, DZ 23.035, DZ 23.366 (DZUP); Campos do Jordão, Eng. Lefèvre, 1200m, 1♂, 1.II.1937, Travassos, Oiticica, Travassos Filho & Lopes leg., DZ 22.793 (DZUP); Campos do Jordão, Parque Estadual de Campos do Jordão, 1950m, 1♀, 10.II.1968, Mielke, Brown & Laroca leg., DZ 22.783 (DZUP); Campos do Jordão, Pico do Itapeva, 28.I.1967, Barroso & Travassos leg. (MZUSP); Santos, Alto da Serra, 1♀, X.1923, Pohl leg. (MZUSP); São Paulo, Ipiranga , 1♂, III.1913, Pohl leg., 1♂ & 1♀, V.1933, no collector (MZUSP); São Paulo, Ipiranga , 1♀, 17.IV. 19411, D’Almeida leg., DZ 23.089 (DZUP); 1♂, 10.IV.1942 ,, D’Almeida leg., DZ 23.206 (DZUP); São Paulo, Mata do Governo, 1♀, X.1914, Pohl leg. (MZUSP); Bananal, Serra da Bocaina , 4♂ & 3♀, 8.I.1937, Travassos leg., DZ 23.476, DZ 23.435, DZ 23.376, DZ 23.266, DZ 23.496, DZ 23.506, DZ 23.456 (DZUP); Águas de Lindóia, Termas de Lindóia, 1♂, 11.II.1950, D'Almeida leg., DZ 23.466 (DZUP); Paraná, Campina Grande do Sul, Morro do Caratuva, 900-1700m, 1♀, 4.III.2009, Dolibaina leg. (DD); Carambeí, 1♂, 30.I.1971, Moure, Mielke & Marinoni leg., DZ 23.026 (DZUP); Castro, 1000m, 1♂, 26.I.1972, Mielke & Tangerini leg., DZ 23.005 (DZUP); Castro, 2♂ & 2♀, no date, no collector (USNM); Chopinzinho, 1♀, 11.I.1970, Furtado leg., DZ 23.455 (DZUP); Colombo, 2♂ & 3♀, 16.I.1972, Lauterjung leg., DZ 23.046, DZ 23.166, DZ 23.346, DZ 23.256, DZ 23.246, DZ 23.146 (DZUP); Curitiba, 3♂ & 1♀, 26.I.1968, Mielke leg. (USNM); Curitiba, 900m, 1♂ & 1♀, 11.II.1966, Mielke leg., DZ 23.505, DZ 23.004 (DZUP); 1♂, 28.I.1967, Mielke leg., DZ 23.306 (DZUP); 1♂ & 1♀, 6.II.1968, Mielke leg., DZ 23.396, DZ 23.014 (DZUP); Curitiba, Cascatinha, 4♂ & 2♀, 29.I.1967, Mielke leg., DZ 22.955, DZ 23.445, DZ 23.106, DZ 23.156, DZ 23.024, DZ 23.046 (DZUP); Guarapuava, 1♂ & 2♀, 28.I.1972, Mielke & Schneider leg., DZ 23.065, DZ 23.436, DZ 23.486 (DZUP); 2♂ & 1♀, 13.I.1980, O.–C. Mielke leg., DZ 23.795*, DZ 23.296, DZ 23.226 (DZUP); Guarapuava, 9km N, 1200m, 1♂, 3.II.1976, Mielke & Buzzi leg., DZ 23.326 (DZUP); Guarapuava, Parque Municipal das Araucárias, 1000m, 1♀, 14.II.2007, Dolibaina leg. (DD) Jaguariaíva, 850m, 1♂ & 1♀, 19-20.IX.2009, Mielke, Carneiro, Dias, Leite & Dolibaina leg., DZ 22.985, DZ 22.965 (DZUP); Lapa, 2♂, II.1940, (MZUSP); Ponta Grossa, Lageado, 1♂, XI.1939, Justus leg., DZ 23.045 (DZUP); 1♂, XII.1939, Justus leg., DZ 23.175 (DZUP); Prudentópolis, 1200m, 1♀, 2.II.1976, Mielke & Buzzi leg., DZ 23.475 (DZUP); Rio Negro, 800m, 1♂, 25.II.1968, Moure & Mielke leg., DZ 23.386 (DZUP); São José dos Pinhais, 850m, 1♂, 15.XII.1979, Mielke leg., DZ 22.944 (DZUP); Tijucas do Sul, Rincão, 900m, 1♂, 8.II.1968, Mielke, Brown & Laroca leg., DZ 23.515 (DZUP); 1♂, 10.III.1971, Mielke leg., DZ 23.525 (DZUP); 1♀, 13.II.1979, Mielke & Laroca leg., DZ 22.994 (DZUP); Tijucas do Sul, Vossoroca, 850m, 1♀, 8.II.1972, Mielke leg., DZ 22.975 (DZUP); Turvo, Britador, 900-1000m, 1♂ & 1♀, 28-29.XII.2009, Dolibaina leg. (DD); 5♂ & 1♀, 24-30.XII.2010, Dolibaina leg. (DD); 1♂ & 3♀, 31.I.2011, Dolibaina leg. (DD); Turvo, Salto do Paulinho Rickli, 1000m, 1♀, 5.II.2011, Dolibaina leg. (DD); Turvo, Matão, 1000m, 3♂, 7.IV.2007, Dolibaina leg. (DD); Santa Catarina, Mafra, 1♀, 18.I.1985, Mielke leg., DZ 24.145* (DZUP); Rio dos Cedros, Pedra Preta, 800m, 1♀, 7.II.1972, Lauterjung leg., DZ 23.135 (DZUP); Rio dos Cedros, Alto Rio dos Cedros, 650m, 2♂ & 2♀, 3-8.II.1972, Lauterjung leg., DZ 23.416, DZ 23.245, DZ 22.935, DZ 23.064* (DZUP); Rio Negrinho, 850m, 1♂, 18.I.1976, Mielke leg., DZ 23.216 (DZUP); 1♀, 24–27.I.1986, O.–C.

Mielke leg., DZ 22.974 (DZUP); Santa Cecília, Campo Alto, 1200m, 1♂ & 1♀, 12.II.1973, Mielke & Sakakibara leg., DZ 23.136, DZ 23.375 (DZUP); 1♀, 27.II.1968, Moure & Mielke leg., DZ 23.315 (DZUP); São Joaquim, 1250m, 2♂, 24.II.1973, Mielke leg., DZ 23.465, DZ 23.516 (DZUP); Timbó, 1♀, II.1933, Pohl leg. (MZUSP); Rio Grande do Sul, Bom Jesus, 1050m, 1♀, 12.II.1976, Mielke & Buzzi leg., DZ 23.096 (DZUP); Vacaria, Bela Vista , 950m, 1♂, 27.II.1973, Mielke leg., DZ 23.225 (DZUP).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 22. Habitus of species of the genus Stichelia Zikán, 1949, dorsal (left) and ventral (right). 1 – 2. S. catarinensis sp. nov., Male; 3 – 6. S. cuneifascia. 3 – 4. Male. 5 – 6. Female. 7 – 10. S. dukinfieldia. 7 – 8. Male. 9 – 10. Female. 11 – 14. S. pelotensis. 11 – 12. Male. 13 – 14. Female. 15 – 22. S. bocchoris. 15 – 16. Male from Guarapuava, Paraná. 17 – 18. Female from Mafra, Santa Catarina. 19 – 20. Male from Campos do Jordão, São Paulo. 21 – 22. Female from Itatiaia, Rio de Janeiro. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURES 23 – 28. Dorsal right forewing and hindwing of males of species of Stichelia Zikán, 1949, highlighting the fringe. 23. S. catarinensis sp. nov. 24. S. cuneifascia. 25. S. dukinfieldia. 26. S. pelotensis. 27 – 28. S. bocchoris. 27. Specimen from Guarapuava, Paraná. 28. Specimen from Campos do Jordão, São Paulo. Scale bar = 1 cm.

FIGURES 29 – 38. Male genitalia of species of Stichelia Zikán, 1949, lateral and ventral. 29 – 30. S. catarinensis sp. nov. 31 – 32. S. cuneifascia. 33 – 34. S. dukinfieldia. 35 – 36. S. pelotensis. 37 – 38. S. bocchoris. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 39 – 50. Female genitalia of species of Stichelia Zikán, 1949; papilla analis, lateral and ventral; sterigma and bursae copulatrix, ventral. 39 – 41. S. cuneifascia. 42 – 44. S. dukinfieldia. 45 – 47. S. pelotensis. 48 – 50. S. bocchoris. Scale bar = 1 mm.