Stenostomum saliens Kepner and Carter, 1931

Reyes, Jhoe, Binow, Daniela, Vianna, Rogério T., Brusa, Francisco & Martins, Samantha E., 2021, Fig. 12. Majella pristis n in Periclimenaeus djiboutensis Bruce 1970, Zoological Studies 60 (22), pp. 1-33 : 8

Stenostomum saliens Kepner and Carter, 1931 ( Fig. 3D )

Synonyms: Stenostomum saltatum Kepner and Carter, 1931 . Anokkostenostomum saliens ( Kepner and Carter, 1931) .

Studied material: Two live whole-mounted individuals studied and photographed.

Localities: Site 2 (9/10/2018), associated with phytal microhabitat.

Description: Elongated whitish animals with 1–2 zooids, the anterior region of the body is pointed, while the posterior one is rounded ( Fig. 3D 1–2 ). The body is covered by cilia and has larger rigid cilia on the whole surface. The anterior region with brain lobes, which are connected to the lateral small ciliated pits. A V-shaped mouth is located in the first third of the body ( Fig. 3D 1 ). Intestine with excretophores located, mainly, at the anterior area of the gut ( Fig. 3D 2 ). Distal region of the intestine with lacking region. The body is 598.8 ± 363.7 μm (341.6–855.9 μm; n = 2) long and 79.2 ± 54.4 μm (40.7–117.6 μm; n = 2) wide.

Taxonomic remarks: The features observed in individuals from the ESEC Taim correspond to the diagnostic features given by Kepner and Carter (1931), Nuttycombe and Waters (1938), Marcus (1945b), Kolasa (1973a) and Noreña et al. (2005b). In addition, our specimens are in the range of the length of individuals described by Marcus (1945b) (400–600 μm) and Kolasa (1973a) (600–800 μm), but are larger than those from USA ( Nuttycombe and Waters 1938) (620 μm) and Argentina (when two zooids are measured) ( Noreña et al. 2005b) (290 μm).

Distribution: USA ( Kepner and Carter 1931; Nuttycombe and Waters 1938), Poland ( Kolasa 1973a), Brazil ( Marcus 1945b), Suriname ( Van der Land 1970), and Argentina ( Noreña et al. 2005b).

Figures

Fig. 3. Live specimens of Stenostomidae and Macrostomidae. (A–C) Stenostomum cf. pegephilum: (A) chain with two zooids, (B) schematic representation, (C) detail of the muscular pharynx. (D1–2) Stenostomum saliens: (D1) detail of the anterior region of the body and (D2) dorsal view of the habitus of a specimen. (E) Stenostomum simplex (scale bar not available). (F–G) Stenostomum tuberculosum: (F) individual with three zooids, (G) schematic representation. (H–I) Macrostomum quiritium: (H) dorsal view of a mature specimen, (I) detail of the penis stylet. (J) Macrostomum tuba, detail of the penis stylet.

Fig. 1. Maps showing the collection sites in the Taim nature reserve (ESEC Taim), Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Fig. 2. Live specimens of Catenulida. (A) Catenula lemnae, chain two zooids. (B–D) Myostenostomum vanderlandi: (B) habitus of whole-mounted individual, (C) detail of the anterior brain lobe and (D) detail of the posterior brain lobe. (E–F) Stenostomum glandulosum: (E) live individual, (F) free-hand schematic representation. (G) Stenostomum grande, a single zooid. (H) Stenostomum paraguayense, intestine with some food items. (I) Stenostomum hemisphericum, free-hand schematic representation.