Sivaloka trigona Chang & Chen, 2020

Chang, Zhi-Min, Yang, Lin & Chen, Xiang-Sheng, 2020, First records of the genera Sivaloka Distant, 1906, with two new species from China, and description of a new species of genus Kodaianella Fennah, 1956 (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Issidae), ZooKeys 917, pp. 85-104 : 85

Sivaloka trigona Chang & Chen sp. nov. Figs 44-55

Type material.

Holotype: ♂, China: Guangxi, Yangshuo County (24°59'N, 105°36'E), 28 May 2009, W-B Zheng leg. (IEGU).

Diagnosis.

This species is similar to S. arcuata Chang & Chen, sp. nov., but it differs from the latter by: 1) forewings with MP2 dividing into two branches (Fig. 49 ); 2) dorsal margin of genital styles bearing one triangular prominence near middle (Fig. 52 ); 3) phallobase with dorsal lobe with a small spinous process near apical part (Fig. 54a ), ventral margin with half-leaf process in basal 1/3 (Fig. 54b ); 4) aedeagus in lateral view with one short, hooked process near basal 1/3, directing to cephalad (Fig. 54e ).

Description.

Body length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewings): male 5.00 mm; forewings: male 4.10 mm.

Coloration.

General color pale yellow (Figs 44 , 45 ). Vertex, pronotum, and mesonotum (Fig. 46 ) pale yellow to brown. Gena (Fig. 47 ) dark brown, with one not obvious yellow band. Compound eyes and antennae black, ocelli pale (Fig. 47 ). Frons (Fig. 48 ) dark brown, with scores of pale verrucae along lateral margin. Clypeus black-brown (Fig. 48 ). Forewings (Figs 44 , 45 ) pale yellow, with diffuse, dark brownish markings. Hindwings brown. Legs pale green or yellow-brown, tip of spines on hind tibiae and tarsi black.

Head and thorax.

Head (Fig. 46 ) including eyes, slightly broader than pronotum (1.07: 1.00). Vertex (Fig. 46 ) shorter in middle than the width at base (0.41: 1.00). Frons (Fig. 48 ) slightly shorter in middle than maximum breadth (0.69: 1.00); with median carina, its basal half distinct, reaching to the level of middle of frons, apical part feeble, nearly to the frontoclypeal suture. Clypeus (Fig. 48 ) triangular, with median carina; basal part swollen, apical part slightly sunken. Pronotum (Fig. 46 ) with median carina feeble. Mesonotum (Fig. 46 ) with median carina raised, basal part forked, fused in anterior margin; lateral carinae not obvious. Forewings (Fig. 49 ) 1.63 times as long as maximum breadth; ScP and RP convergent near base, ScP and RP long, parallel to anterior margin of forewing, reaching to outer margin; MP two branches in basal 1/3, MP1 in distal 1/5 dividing into two branches or unbranched, MP2 forked in distal 1/5; CuA forked into two branches in distal 1/3; CuP present; Pcu and A1 united in middle of clavus, clavus almost reaching to 2/3 of forewing. Hindwings unknown. Spinal formula of hind leg (2)9/9/2.

Male genitalia.

Anal tube in dorsal view (Fig. 51 ) longer in middle than at widest breadth (2.57: 1.00), maximum width at middle of anal tube; anterior margin almost straight; lateral margins parallel, lateral margin slightly concave near apical 2/5. Anal style (Fig. 51 ) short and thin, located in basal 2/5, not surpassing the opening of anal pore. Pygofer (Fig. 50 ) irregularly rectangular; anterior and posterior margins parallel in lateral view; dorsal margin inclined to ventral margin. Genital styles (Fig. 52 ) irregularly triangular in lateral view; dorsal and ventral margins not parallel; dorsal margin with triangular prominence near middle at base of capitulum; ventral margin slightly arched. Capitulum of genital styles irregularly triangular; with irregular triangular, and thin, distinct neck (Fig. 53 ). Phallobase (Figs 54 , 55 ) with dorsal lobe slightly expanded into membranous cystiform process; dorso-lateral lobe with a small spinous process near apical part (Fig. 54a ) in lateral view; ventral margin with half-leaf process in basal 1/3, margin wavy (Fig. 54b ); lateral lobe shorter than dorsal lobe (Fig. 54c ), splitting into two branches, apical part appearing long thin finger, and basal part stout in ventral view (Fig. 55c ); ventral lobe obviously shorter than lateral lobe in lateral view (Fig. 54d ); in ventral view, apical margin of ventral lobe subtriangular and convex in middle; lateral margin of ventral lobe parallel in ventral view (Fig. 55d ). Aedeagus (Figs 54 , 55 ) with one relatively short, hooked process near basal 1/3 (Fig. 54e ) in lateral view, directed to cephalad.

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the Latin words " trigona " in reference to the triangular prominence near the middle of the dorsal margin of the genital styles.

Host plant.

Unknown.

Distribution.

China (Guangxi).

Remarks.

The new species is similar to S. arcuata Chang & Chen, sp. nov. in appearance, but it differs the latter by: 1) dorsal margin of genital styles bearing one triangular prominence near middle (Fig. 52 ) (dorsal margin of genital styles bearing one arched prominence near middle in S. arcuata (Fig. 40 )); 2) phallobase (Fig. 54 ) with dorsal lobe with a small spinous process near apical part (Fig. 54a ), ventral margin with half-leaf process in basal 1/3 (Fig. 54b ) (phallobase with dorsal lobe with long hooked process near apical part in S. arcuata (Fig. 42a ), ventral margin with triangular process (Fig. 42b )); 3) aedeagus (Fig. 54 ) with one hooked process near basal 1/3 in lateral view, directed to cephalad (Fig. 54e )(aedeagus with one hooked process near middle in lateral view, directed to caudad (Fig. 42e ))

Figures

Figures 44 - 55. Sivaloka trigona Chang & Chen, sp. nov. 44 habitus, dorsal view 45 habitus, lateral view 46 head and thorax, dorsal view 47 head and thorax, lateral view 48 head, ventral view 49 forewing 50 male genitalia, lateral view 51 male anal segment, dorsal view 52 genital styles, lateral view 53 capitulum of genital styles, ventral view 54 phallobase and aedeagus, lateral view 55 phallobase and aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: tp = triangular prominence; a = small spinous process; b = half-leaf process; c = lateral lobe; d = ventral lobe; e = hooked process.

Figures 36 - 43. Sivaloka arcuata Chang & Chen, sp. nov. 36 forewing 37 hindwing 38 male genitalia, lateral view 39 male anal segment, dorsal view 40 genital styles, lateral view 41 capitulum of genital styles, ventral view 42 phallobase and aedeagus, lateral view 43 phallobase and aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: ap = arched prominence; a = long hooked process; b = angular process; c = lateral lobe, d = ventral lobe; e = hooked process.