Simlops cachorro Ruiz, 2014

Bonaldo, Alexandre B., Ruiz, Gustavo R. S., Brescovit, Antonio D., Santos, Adalberto J. & Ott, Ricardo, 2014, Simlops, A New Genus Of Goblin Spiders (Araneae: Oonopidae) From Northern South America, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (388), pp. 1-60 : 51-57

Simlops cachorro Ruiz , new species Figures 3 , 9 , 177–198 , 285 , 310, 311 , 327

TYPES: Male holotype and female paratype from Quebradón El Ayo , La Pedrera, Amazonas, Colombia (1 ° 019210 N 69 ° 359130W), Feb. 01, 2002, J. Pinzon, ( ICN PBI_OON 40569; ICN PBI_OON 40576) .

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a reference to the Cabeça do Cachorro (‘‘dog’s head’’) region, in extreme northwestern Brazil, along the Colombia border, from where the records of this species come from. (The region is so named because a drawing of the borders of Brazil and neighbor countries resembles a dog’s head.)

DIAGNOSIS: Males of Simlops cachorro differ from those of S. jamesbondi and S. platnicki by the complex, loosely attached conductor (figs. 310, 311); females can be recognized by the thin anteromedian rod, without apical enlargement (fig. 327).

MALE (PBI_OON 40569, figs. 3, 9, 177– 190, 285, 310, 311): Total length 1.79. Carapace dark red-brown, sternum and mouthparts orange-brown; legs orange-brown, without color pattern; abdomen soft portions pale white; abdominal scuta orange-brown. Sternal microsculpture medially and in furrows. Endites retrolateral projection stout, distally bulging, sculptured, with sharply pointed triangular process directed prolaterally; prolateral and median processes geminated (as seen in collapsed pieces for SEM, figs. 185, 186), prolateral process flat, blunt, curved retrolaterally (fig. 285). Postepigastric scutum almost semicircular, covering about 3/4 of abdominal length. Leg spination, tibiae: I p1-1-0; r1-1-0. Palp: embolus bent prolaterally, stout, about half as long as cymbium, with widened, sculptured subtriangular tip; conductor complex, loosely attached to base of embolus, but otherwise heavily sclerotized, with a distal, narrow branch and a proximal, flattened branch (figs. 182–184, 187–190, 310, 311).

FEMALE (PBI_OON 40570, figs. 191– 198, 327): Total length 2.06. Dorsal scutum absent. Leg spination, tibiae: I p1-1-0; r1-1-0. Epigastric furrow medially straight, medially sclerotized, without median notch, connected laterally to anterior spiracles; postepigastric scutum with anterior margin sclerotized, not extending beyond groove connecting posteri- or spiracles, not enlarged laterally around posterior spiracles, without discrete lateral sclerotizations. Genitalia with thin posteromedian rod, anterior end pointed, without enlargement; transverse bar thick, straight,

with large rectangular plate close to epigastric furrow and short, thick, parallel lateral apodemes (figs. 198, 327).

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: COLOM- BIA: Amazonas: La Pedrera, (Quebradón El Ayo, 1 ° 019210 N 69 ° 359130W), Feb. 01, 2002, J. Pinzon, 18 ( ICN PBI_OON 40730). Vaupes: Taraira (Lago Taraira, bajo Río Apaporis , Est Biol. Caparú , 200m, 1 ° 59S 69 ° 329W), Feb. 04, 2004, J. Pinzon, 58 ( ICN PBI_OON 40570) ; 3♀ ( ICN PBI_OON 40570) ; Feb. 04, 2004, J. Pinzon, 18 ( MPEG 19162 PBI_OON 40729) ; 1♀ ( MPEG 19162 PBI_OON 40729) .

DISTRIBUTION: Known from Colombian Amazonia, near Brazilian border.

Simlops platnicki Bonaldo , new species Figures 4–6 , 10–12 , 27, 28 , 199–228 , 286 , 312, 313 , 328

TYPES: Male holotype from Base de Operações Geólogo Pedro de Moura , Porto Urucu , Coari, Amazonas, Brazil (04 ° 5297.60 S 65 ° 15953.60W), July 11, 2003 to July 20, 2003, A.B. Bonaldo, J.D. Dias, and D.D. Guimarães col. ( MPEG 10208 PBI_OON 40731) ; female paratype from same locality Nov. 01, 2006, S.C. Dias et al., col. ( MPEG 19166 PBI_OON 40732) .

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a patronym in honor of Norman I. Platnick (AMNH), the first one to recognize this species as a ‘‘highly autapomorphic Niarchos - like species.’’

DIAGNOSIS: Males of Simlops platnicki differ from those of S. jamesbondi and S. cachorro by the extremely long retroapical process at the endites (fig. 286) and by the pointed conductor, inserted at the middle of the embolus (figs. 312, 313). Females can be readily recognized by the short, robust, bushshaped anteromedian rod, with wide triangular apex and by the thick transverse bar (fig. 328).

MALE (PBI_OON_0040500, figs. 4, 10– 12, 199–216, 286, 312, 313): Total length 1.63. Carapace and sternum pale orange, mouthparts orange-brown, legs pale orange, without color pattern; abdomen soft portions yellow, abdominal scuta pale orange. Sternal microsculpture only in furrows. Endites with retrolateral process extremely developed, tubular, with blunt, sculptured apices and apical projection directed prolaterally; prolateral process thin, gently curved retrolaterally; prolateral and median processes geminated; median process protruded (figs. 207–210, 286). Postepigastric scutum almost rectangular, covering about 2/3 of abdominal length. Leg spination, tibiae: IV p0-0-1. Palp: embolus gently curved medially, with small retromedian expansion and rounded, retroapical lamellar prong; conductor heavily sclerotized, hook shaped, originating at the embolar body (figs. 204–206, 213–216, 312, 313).

FEMALE (PBI_OON 40501, figs. 5, 6, 27, 28, 217–228, 328): Total length 1.84. Dorsal scutum absent. Leg spination, tibiae: I v2-2-1r; II v2-2-0; III p0-1-0; IV p1-1-0; metatarsi: I v2-2-0. Epigastric furrow medially straight, medially sclerotized, without median notch, not connected laterally to anterior spiracles; postepigastric scutum with anterior margin sclerotized, not extending beyond groove connecting posterior spiracles, not enlarged laterally around posterior spiracles, without discrete lateral sclerotizations. Genitalia with short, robust posteromedian rod, anterior end large, triangular; transverse bar thick, straight, with large rectangular plate, bearing anterior porous area of circular pits, and long, thick, parallel lateral apodemes (figs. 224, 225–228, 328).

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: BRAZIL: Amazonas : Coari (Base de Operações Geólogo Pedro de Moura, Porto Urucu, 04 ° 5297.60 S 65 ° 15953.60W), Nov. 09, 2006, S.C. Dias et al., 18 ( AMNH PBI_OON 40500) ; July 11, 2003 to July 20, 2003, 1♀ ( MPEG 10216 PBI_OON 40501) ; July 11, 2003 to July 20, 2003, 1♀ ( MPEG 10221 PBI_OON 40502) ; July 11, 2003 to July 20,

2003, 18 ( MPEG 10229 PBI_OON 40509) ; July 11, 2003 to July 20, 2003, 1♀ ( MPEG 10222 PBI_OON 40733) ; July 11, 2003 to July 20, 2003, 18 ( MPEG 10210 PBI_OON 40734) ; all collected by A.B. Bonaldo, J.D. Dias and D.D. Guimarães; Nov. 24, 2004, A.B. Bonaldo et al., 18 ( INPA 161825 PBI_OON 40735) ; July 09, 2006, S.C. Dias et al., 1♀ ( AMNH PBI_OON 40736) ; Nov. 21, 2004, A.B. Bonaldo et al., 18 ( IBSP 161825 PBI_OON 43639) .

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

Simlops bodanus (Chickering) , new combination Figures 7 , 21–24 , 229–250 , 287 , 314, 315 , 329

Triaeris bodanus Chickering, 1968: 353 , figs. 1–5 (male holotype from Simla [currently William Beebe Tropical Research Station, 10 ° 41910 N 61 ° 169590W], Arima Valley, Saint George, Trinidad and Tobago, Apr. 25, 1964, A.M. Chickering col., in MCZ 20549 PBI_OON 5393, examined).

DIAGNOSIS: Males of Simlops bodanus resembles those of S. guyanensis and S.

guatopo by the filiform distal third of embolus but can be recognized by the combined presence of longer embolus, with a basal constriction, and a massive hyaline conductor, without basal sclerotizations (figs. 314, 315). Females are unique in the genus in presenting a small, round, anteriorly positioned dorsal abdominal scutum (fig. 248); they are also remarkable for the wide, tubularshaped anteromedian rod (fig. 329).

MALE (PBI_OON 5393, figs. 7, 21–24, 229–242, 287, 314, 315): Total length 1.80. Carapace dark red-brown, sternum and mouthparts orange-brown, legs pale orange, without color pattern; abdomen soft portions pale white; abdominal scuta orange-brown. Sternal microsculpture covering almost entire surface, absent in front of coxae. Endites with retrolateral and median processes inconspicuous; prolateral projection long and slender, folded retrolaterally, with a distal, posteriorly projected small triangular process (figs. 237, 238, 287). Postepigastric scutum almost semicircular, covering about 3/4 of abdominal length. Palp: embolus long, slen- der, tip curved dorsally, conductor as long as embolus, semitranslucent with dorsal sclerotized strip, distally with short, filiform processes, originating at the bulbus, adjacent to embolar insertion (figs. 234–236, 239–242, 314, 315).

FEMALE (PBI_OON 37039, figs. 243– 250, 329): Total length 2.40. Dorsal scutum present, oval, small, restricted to front of abdomen. Epigastric furrow medially slightly recurved, not medially sclerotized, without median notch, not connected laterally to anterior spiracles; postepigastric scutum with anterior margin not sclerotized, extending well beyond groove connecting posterior spiracles, enlarged laterally around posterior spiracles, without discrete lateral sclerotizations. Genitalia with strong, tubular posteromedian rod, anteri- or end blunt, with spinelike processes; transverse bar thin, procurved, without rectangular plate; posterior receptaculum conspicuous, rounded, with unsclerotized borders, enclosed by long, parallel lateral apodemes (figs. 250, 329).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO: Saint George: Arima Valley: Simla (currently William Beebe Tropical Research Station, 10.68361 °, -61.28333 °), Feb. 10, 1964,

to Feb. 22, 1964, 18 ( AMNH PBI_OON 1846) ; Feb. 10, 1964, to Feb. 22, 1964, 2♀ ( AMNH PBI_OON 38008) ; Feb. 10, 1964, to Feb. 22, 1964, 18 ( AMNH PBI_OON 38009) ; 2♀ ( AMNH PBI_OON 38009), all collected by Wygodzinsky and Rozen ; Apr. 22, 1964, N.A. Weber, 18 ( AMNH PBI_OON 37038) ; Jan. 01, 1964, 18 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37037) ; Apr. 28, 1964, 7♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37039) ; 58 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37039) ; Apr. 23, 1964, 1♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37040) ; Apr. 26, 1964, 2♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37041) ; Apr. 19, 1964, 3♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37042) ; 18 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37042) ; Apr. 20, 1964, to Apr. 21, 1964, 1♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37043) ; 18 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37043) ; Apr. 18, 1964, 1♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37044) ; Apr. 17, 1964, 3♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37045) ; Apr. 12, 1964, 18 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37046) ; 1♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37046) ; Apr. 05, 1964, 3♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37047) ; Apr. 16, 1964, 4♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37048) ; 38 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37048) ; Apr. 26, 1964, 18 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37049) ; 1♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37049) ; Apr. 26, 1964, 1♀ ( MCZ PBI_OON 37051) ; 38 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37051) ; Apr. 26, 1964, 18 ( MCZ PBI_OON 37052) ; Apr. 26, 1964, A.M. Chickering, 1♀ ( MPEG 19158 PBI_OON 40728) ; 18 ( MCZ 19158 PBI_OON 40728), all collected by A.M. Chickering ; Jan. 01, 1964, N.G. Weber, 18 ( AMNH PBI_OON 37050) .

DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality.

Figures

Figs. 1–6. Simlops species. 1. S. pennai, male cephalothorax, lateral view. 2. S. pennai, female cephalothorax, dorsal view. 3. S. cachorro, male, anterior portion of cephalothorax, lateral view. 4. S. platnicki, male cephalothorax, anterior view. 5. S. platnicki, female cephalothorax, dorsal view. 6. S. platnicki, female eye region, anterior view.

Figs. 7–12. Simlops species. 7. S. bodanus, male cephalothorax, anterolateral view. 8. Same, lateral view. 9. S. cachorro, male sternum, lateroventral view. 10. S. platnicki, male sternum, ventral view. 11. S. platnicki, male leg, detail of trichobothrium base. 12. S. platnicki, male leg tibia III, detail of trichobothrium and other cuticular organs.

Figs. 177–184. Simlops cachorro, male. 177. Cephalothorax, dorsal view. 178. Abdomen, anterior view. 179. Cephalothorax, ventral view. 180. Lateral view. 181. Abdomen, ventral view. 182. Left palp, prolateral view. 183. Same, dorsal view. 184. Same, retrolateral view.

Figs. 185–190. Simlops cachorro, male. 185. Left endite, ventral view. 186. Detail of apex of left distal endite, ventral view. 187–190. Left palp. 187. Ventral view. 188. Embolus, ventral view. 189. Embolus, dorsal view. 190. Embolus, distal view.

Figs. 191–198. Simlops cachorro, female. 191. Cephalothorax, dorsal view. 192. Same, anterior view. 193. Same, ventral view. 194. Lateral view. 195. Dorsal view. 196. Abdomen, anterior view. 197. Cephalothorax, ventroposterior view. 198. Epigyne, ventral view.

Figs. 283–289. Simlops species, left male endite, ventral view. 283. S. cristinae. 284. S. jamesbondi. 285. S. cachorro. 286. S. platnicki. 287. S. bodanus. 288. S. guyanensis. 289. S. guatopo.

Figs. 308–313. Simlops species, apex of left male palp. 308. S. jamesbondi, dorsal view. 309. S. jamesbondi, prolateral view. 310. S. cachorro, dorsal view. 311. S. cachorro, prolateral view. 312. S. platnicki, dorsal view. 313. S. platnicki, prolateral view.

Figs. 320–330. Simlops species, cleared epigynal area, ventral view. 320. S. pennai. 321. S. machadoi. 322. S. similis. 323. S. juruti. 324. S. nadinae. 325. S. campinarana. 326. S. jamesbondi. 327. S. cachorro. 328. S. platnicki. 329. S. bodanus. 330. S. guyanensis. Scale bar: 0.25 mm (except figs. 324, 330, 0.5 mm).

Figs. 27–32. Simlops species. 27. S. platnicki, female tarsus, lateral view. III. 28. S. platnicki, female tarsus IV, lateral view. 29. S. pennai, female spinnerets, distal view 30. S. pennai, female anterior lateral spinnerets, distal view. 31. S. pennai, female posterior median spinnerets, distal view. 32. S. pennai, female posterior lateral spinneret, distal view.

Figs. 199–206. Simlops platnicki, male. 199. Cephalothorax, dorsal view. 200. Same, anterior view. 201. Same, ventral view. 202. Lateral view. 203. Abdomen, ventral view. 204. Left palp, prolateral view. 205. Same, dorsal view. 206. Same, retrolateral view.

Figs. 207–210. Simlops platnicki, male. 207. Apex of left endite, anterolateral view. 208. Left endite, ventral view. 209. Detail of apex of endite, ventral view. 210. Detail of retrolateral projection of apex of endite, ventral view.

Figs. 211–216. Simlops platnicki, male. 211. Anteior portion of abdomen, lateral view. 212. Epiandrous region, ventral view. 213. Left palp, retrolateral view. 214. Left palp, embolus, retrolateral view. 215. Left palp, embolus tip, prolateral view. 216. Right palp, embolus, distal view.

Figs. 217–224. Simlops platnicki, female. 217. Cephalothorax, dorsal view. 218. Same, anterior view. 219. Same, ventral view. 220. Lateral view. 221. Dorsal view. 222. Cephalothorax, ventroposterior view. 223. Abdomen, ventral view. 224. Epigyne, ventral view.

Figs. 225–228. Simlops platnicki, female. 225. Epigyne, digested, dorsal view. 226. Detail of porous plate, dorsal view. 227. Detail of pores, dorsal view. 228. Porous plate, posterolateral view.

Figs. 21–26. Simlops species, arrows pointing to setae with clawlike tips. 21. S. bodanus, male tarsus I, lateral view. 22. S. bodanus, male tarsus II, lateral view 23. S. bodanus, male tarsus III, distal view 24. S. bodanus, male tarsus IV, dorsal view 25. S. pennai, male tarsus III. 26. S. juruti, male tarsus IV.

Figs. 229–236. Simlops bodanus, male. 229. Cephalothorax, dorsal view. 230. Same, anterior view. 231. Same, ventral view. 232. Same, lateral view. 233. Abdomen, ventral view. 234. Left palp, prolateral view. 235. Same, dorsal view. 236. Same, retrolateral view.

Figs. 237–242. Simlops bodanus, male. 237. Right endite, ventral view. 238. Detail of apex of right endite, ventral view. 239. Left palp, dorsal view. 240. Left palp, embolus, dorsal view. 241. Left palp, distal view. 242. Left palp, embolus, distal view.

Figs. 243–250. Simlops bodanus, female. 243. Cephalothorax, dorsal view. 244. Same, anterior view. 245. Same, ventral view. 246. Lateral view. 247. Dorsal view. 248. Abdomen, anterior view. 249. Same, ventral view. 250. Epigyne, ventral view.

Figs. 314–319. Simlops species, apex of left male palp. 314. S. bodanus, dorsal view. 315. S. bodanus, prolateral view. 316. S. guyanensis, dorsal view. 317. S. guyanensis, prolateral view. 318. S. guatopo, dorsal view. 319. S. guatopo, prolateral view.