Sida planicaulis Cavanilles (1785: 24)

Brandão, José Lourenço, Baracho, George Sidney, Sales, Margareth Ferreira De & Filho, Marcelo Paulino Viegas, 2017, Synopsis of Sida (Malvaceae, Malvoideae, Malveae) in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, Phytotaxa 307 (3), pp. 205-227 : 218

14. Sida planicaulis Cavanilles (1785: 24) ( Fig. 7A ). Lectotype (designated by Krapovickas 2003a: 104):— “Habitat in India, floruit mensibus sept. & oct. V.V. in R.h.P. Obs. Sida fruticosa , quam observavit Commersonius in Brasilia est omnino eadem ac nostra planicaulis , ad quam reducenda videtur altera similiter frutecens, quam idem reperit in Insula Franciae”, Commerson s.n. (P, photo!; isolectotype, P-JU 12251, photo!).

Taxonomic notes: — Sida planicaulis is in the section Distichifolia ( Krapovickas 2003a) differing from all other species by the following combination of characters: stems covered with sparse long simple trichomes mixed with short stellate trichomes; stipules subfalcate and dimorphic, ciliate; leaf blades elliptic-lanceolate, rounded base, upper surface with simple, appressed and antrorse trichomes; flowers mostly arranged in glomerate cymes; staminal tube ca. 3 mm long; and mericarps (6)7–8, biaristate, the spines 1.4–2 mm long. This species is related to the common species S. acuta and S. glomerata , but has a different leaf base, staminal tube and mericarps.

Distribution and habitat: —It occurs on a few islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans ( Krapovickas 2003a), Florida ( Wunderlin & Hansen 2008), Argentina and Brazil where it is found from the northeast to central-west and southern regions ( Krapovickas 2003 a, 2010). In Pernambuco, the species has been recorded in the Littoral zone, in disturbed areas of forests, plantations, and in ruderal places or wastelands.

Representative specimen: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco. Igarassu, Usina São José, 26 February 2003, A. Melquíades 41 (PEUFR).

Figures

FIGURE 7. A–B: Distribution maps of Sida species in the State of Pernambuco, Brazil. A: Sida pernambucensis (Ì); S. planicaulis (|); S. rhombifolia var. rhombifolia (Ɨ); S. salviifolia (D); S. santaremensis (Î); S. setosa (Δ). B: Sida spinosa (z); S. tuberculata var. pseudo-rhombifolia (|); S. uchoae (Ɨ); S. ulei (D); S. ulmifolia (Î); S. urens (Δ).