Scrophularia lucidaifolia Uzunh. & E. Doğan, 2015

Uzunhisarcikli, M. Erkan, Güner, Ebru Doğan, Özbek, Funda & Bilgili, Bilgehan, 2015, Scrophularia lucidaifolia (Scrophulariaceae), a new species from Turkey, Phytotaxa 204 (1), pp. 95-98 : 95-98

Scrophularia lucidaifolia Uzunh. & E. Doğan sp. nov. ( Figs. 1–2 ).

Scrophularia lucidaifolia is related to S. canina subsp. bicolor . It differs from S. canina subsp. bicolor in glandular stem (not ± glabrous); calyx lobes densely glandular (not glabrous); staminode obovate or orbicular, smaller than upper lip (not oblong- lanceolate to narrowly oblong); stamens exserted to 1.5–2× length of corolla (not exserted to 1.5–2× length of corolla).

Type:— TURKEY. C5 Mersin: Gözne, Işıktepe-çukurkeşli , stony slopes, 612 m, 7 May 2014, E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2501 & E.D. Güner (holotype GAZI; isotypes ANK, HUB) .

Perennial. Stem erect, terete, 50–110 cm, 5–7 mm diam., glandular hairy, lower part green or purplish, branched. All leaves alternate, lyrately pinnatifid to 2-pinnatisect, 1.5–3 cm wide and 3–15 cm long (including petiole), segments oblong, lanceolate, ovate to orbicular, margin dentate or pinnatifid, glabrous, gradually decreasing toward the upper part of the stem. Inflorescence aphyllous. Bracts 1–4 mm wide and 4–26 mm long, entire, usually linear, lower rarely pinnatifid to pinnatisect. Cymes with 5–35 mm long peduncle, alternate, branches of cymes straight monochasia, 5– 28–flowered; alar pedicels 0.5–1.5 mm long, much shorter than glandular 3–9 mm long bracteoles. Calyx lobes densely glandular, ovate to orbicular, 1.5–2 mm wide and 2.5–3 mm long; scarious margin up to 0.3 mm broad. Corolla 3–5 mm long, maroon, lobes with yellowish-white border; stamens exserted to 1.5–2× length of corolla; staminode obovate or orbicular, smaller than upper lip. Capsules 3–4 mm wide and 2.5–4 mm long, globose, apiculate, pale brown. Seeds are alveolate, blackish-brown, obovoid, oblong to ellipsoid, 0.75–0.94 mm wide and 0.48–0.58 mm long.

Etymology:—The epithet of the new species is given for the similarity of its lower leaves with those of S. lucida .

Phenology:—Flowering in April–May and fruiting in June–July.

Seed morphology:—Seeds are alveolate, blackish-brown, obovoid, oblong to ellipsoid, 0.75–0.94 mm wide and 0.48–0.58 mm long. The alveoli are arranged in longitudinal rows. The ornamentation of the seed coat is bireticulatealveolate. Primary reticulum is formed by rectangular-polygonal shaped of the epidermal cells; however, in secondary reticulum the anticlinal cells are rectangular with vesicles only on the angles of the walls, and the periclinal cells are distinctly rugose. The seed morphology of the new species with relevant species is given in Fig. 2 .

Additional specimens examined (paratypes):— TURKEY. C5 Mersin: Gözne, Işıktepe-Çukurkeşli , stony slopes, 612 m, 7 May 2014, E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2513 et al. (GAZI!) ; ibidem, 9 July 2014, E. Uzunhisarcıklı 2602 et al. (GAZI!).

Taxonomic relationships:— Scrophularia lucidaifolia is related to S. canina Linnaeus (1753: 621) subsp. bicolor ( Sibthorp & Smith 1809: 437) Greuter in Greuter & Rechinger (1967: 109) in general habit and to S. lucida Linnaeus (1759: 1114) in features of lower leaves. However, the new species is quite different from the others by features including indumentum, calyx, corolla, and staminode. Çukurkeşli (Gözne-Mersin) is a valley isolated by the Taurus Mountains in the East Mediterranean region and is the type locality for the new species. We found only S. lucidaifolia and no other congeneric species in this locality. On the contrary, Scrophularia canina subsp. bicolor and S. lucida show broad distribution all over Turkey.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Details of flowers of Scrophularia lucidaifolia (A), S. canina subsp. bicolor (B) and S. lucida (C): a) flower, b) staminode shape, c) stamen.

FIGURE 2. Scanning electron seed micrographs of S. lucidaifolia: a. General view, b. Testa ornamentation; S. canina subsp. bicolor: c. General view, d. Testa ornamentation; S. lucida: e. General view, f. Testa ornamentation.