Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic 1915

Groll, Elisa Von, 2023, Rediscovery and redescription of Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic (Coleoptera: Staphylindae: Scaphidiinae): a remarkable new record from a distant continent, Zootaxa 5375 (4), pp. 565-573 : 568-569

Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic 1915

( Figs 2–6 )

Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic 1915: 31 ; Achard, 1915: 292 (synonym); Pic, 1916: 49 (valid species); Scott, 1922: 222, (characters); Vinson, 1943: 189 (characters); Löbl, 1971: 974 (lectotype fixed by inference, characters, records); Löbl, 1977: 42 (records); Löbl, 1979: 107 (records); Löbl, 1986: 347 (records); Löbl, 1990: 121 (records); Löbl, 1992: 534 (records); Deepthi et al., 2004 (fungal hosts); Lecoq, 2015: 210 (records); Singh and Sharma, 2016: 213 (fungal hosts).

Material examined (n=8, *= abdomen dissected and preserved in glycerin). Brazil. Minas Gerais: 2♂♂ *, Viçosa, UFV , Vila Gianetti, 26.IV. 2022; E. von Groll leg., Falcon 23 / Em Inonotus sp. ; ( CELC) ; 1♀ * ditto except, 25.III. 2022, E. von Groll leg., Falcon 29 / Em Inonotus sp. ; 23.XI.2022 ( CELC) ; 1♂ *, Oratórios, 10-15.XII. 2021, G.L.N. Martins leg. ( CELC) . Sri Lanka: Hanguranketa: 2♂♂, 27.I.1970 MUSSARD BESUCHET LÖBL / PHOTOGRAPHED E. von Groll Scaphidiinae curation (terminalia embedded in Euparal) ( FMNH 4431746-47 ) .

India. Kerala: 1♂, Cardamom H. Valara Fall 25.XI.72 Besuchet Löbl Mussard / Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic det. Löbl 1977 / PHOTOGRAPHED E. von Groll Scaphidiinae curation ( FMNH 4431745 ) ; 1♂, ditto except, 300m 27–29.XII.93, ca 50 km NW Pathanamthitta , 77°05’E, 9°25’N, Boukal B. & Kejval / PHOTOGRAPHED E. von Groll Scaphidiinae curation (terminalia embedded in Euparal) ( FMNH 4431748 ) .

Diagnosis. Length 1.40–1.64 mm. Light brown with squared, hollow black spots on each elytron, occasionally reduced. Pronotum features two lateral spots and two longitudinal bands, varying in intensity, sometimes faint. Parameres of the aedeagus possess a malleable membrane.

Redescription. Length 1.40–1.64 mm. Light brown, more vivid yellow when its alive ( Fig. 2A–J ). Elytra with squared, hollow black marks, varying in visibility and darkness ( Fig. 2A–F ). Pronotum with two small lateral black spots, and two central longitudinal bands–more or less marked ( Fig. 2A,B—Q–S ). Ventral view of the thorax with variable tonalities of brown, specimen-dependent ( Fig. 2G,H ). First abdominal ventrite darker than the remnants ( Fig. 2G,H ). Head smooth, finally punctate ( Fig. 2I,J ); clypeus strigulate microsculptured. Antennae long, IV antennomere 6–7x longer than wide ( Fig. 2K–N ). Last maxillary palpomere neraly 2x longer than previous ( Fig. 2O,P ). Pronotum densely punctate, with short and thin setae. Scutellum tip exposed. Elytra more densely and coarsely punctate ( Fig. 2Q–S ). Sutural striae entire, with a smooth and short curve at the basal region; basal striae absent. Hypomeron smooth, little setose ( Fig. 2C ). Mesepimeron about 4x wider than long ( Fig. 2C,E ). Metaventrite punctures fine laterally and very coarse centrally. Row of coarse punctures above the metacoxae present. Submesocoxal lines slightly arcuate; punctate. Submesocoxal area microsculptured; length = 0.06–0.07 mm ( Fig. 2C–H ). Legs long, slender ( Fig. 2D–H ). Abdomen, including pygidium, with strigulate microsculpture. Ventrite I densely pubescent; punctures fine laterally and coarse centrally. Submetacoxal lines punctate and arcuate (“check-shaped”); submetacoxal area microsculptured; length = 0.08–0.09 mm ( Fig. 2C–H ).

Males. Sternite VIII microsculptured; with a posterior round projection ( Fig. 3A ). Tergite VIII microsculptured; without a posterior projection ( Fig. 3B ). Tergite IX with translucid border; ventral struts strongly curved, oblong ( Fig. 3C ). Aedeagus large, strongly sclerotized; curved, in lateral view; anterior region of parameres distinctly sclerotized, bearing a pair of short frontal membranous prominences ( Fig. 3A–O ). Sclerite of the internal sac “flamingo-shaped” and with other irregular structures ( Fig. 3P–R )

Measurements. Antennomeres, Brazil, males (length/width, n= “[#]”): I 7/5 [1]: II 7–8/4–5 [2]: III 2–3/2 [3]: IV 6–7/1 [3]: V 10–13/1–2 [3]: VI 10–11/2 [3]: VII 12–13/3 [3]: VIII 10–11/2 [3]: IX 12–13/3 [3]: X 11–12/2–3 [3]: XI 13–14/3 [2]. Antennomeres, Sri Lanka, male (length; in mm): I = 0.05, II = 0.07, III = 0.02, IV = 0.07, V = 0.11, VI = 0.11, VII = 0.10, VII I= 0.12, IX = 0.09, X = 0.11, XI = 0.13. Body measures, males (in mm; n = “[#]”): TL 1.44–1.64 (1.55 ± 0.08) [5], SY 0.19–0.19 (0.19 ± 0) [2], HW 0.47–0.50 (0.48 ± 0.02) [3], IS 0.23–0.25 (0.24 ± 0.01) [3], WA 0.12–0.16 (0.14 ± 0.02) [3], PL 0.55–0.67 (0.61 ± 0.05) [3], PA 0.44–0.59 (0.50 ± 0.06) [5], PB 0.88–1.02 (0.95 ± 0.05) [5], EI 0.90–1.05 (0.96 ± 0.05) [5], EL 0.98–1.17 (1.07 ± 0.07) [5], EW 0.45–0.66 (0.55 ± 0.08) [5], EH 0.35–0.48 (0.42 ± 0.07) [3], Me 0.29–0.31 (0.30 ± 0.01) [2], MeL 0.16–0.16 (0.16) [2], MeW 0.04–0.07 (0.06 ± 0.02) [2], MB 0.17–0.21 (0.18 ± 0.02) [3], MC 0.45–0.49 (0.46 ± 0.02) [3], ML 0.06–0.07 (0.06 ± 0.01) [3], MA 0.08–0.09 (0.09 ± 0.01) [4], MA2 0.14–0.15 (0.15 ± 0.01) [4], VL 0.26–0.34 (0.29 ± 0.04) [3], VL2 0.30–0.37 (0.33 ± 0.03) [4]

Females. Sternite VIII with large posterior projection; microsculptured ( Fig. 4A ). Tergite VIII lacking posterior projection; microsculptured ( Fig. 4B ). Distal gonocoxite very elongate; gonostylus slender; spermatheca not detected ( Fig. 4C,D ).

Measurements (n=1). Antennomeres (length/width): III 2/2: IV 7/1: V 10/2: VI 10/2: VII 12/3: VIII 10/2: IX 12/3: X 11/3: XI 13/3; (in mm): TL 1.53, HW 0.45, IS 0.24, WA 0.14, PL 0.63, PA 0.50, PB 0.92, SL0.03, SW 0.03, EI 0.99, EL 1.06, EW 0.55, EH 0.39, Me 0.29, MeL 0.16, MeW 0.05, MB 0.17, MC 0.41, ML 0.06, MA 0.09, MA2 0.15, VL 0.30, VL2 0.30.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic, 1915. Dorsal view: A, male, Brazil; B, male India (FMNH 4431748); lateral view: C, male, Brazil; D, male, Sri Lanka (FMNH 4431747); E, male, Brazil; F, male, Sri Lanka (FMNH 4431747); G, male, Brazil (Oratórios); H, male, India (FMNH 4431748); head, frontal view: I, male, Brazil; J, male India (FMNH 4431748); antenna: K, male, Brazil; L, female, Brazil; M, male, Brazil (Oratórios); N, illustration based on Scott 1922: Fig 18; maxillae: O, male, Brazil; P, illustration based on Scott 1922: Fig 19b; pronotum: Q, male, Brazil (Oratórios); R, female, Brazil; S, male, Sri Lanka (FMNH 4431746). Scale bars: A–H, Q–S: 0.5 mm; I–M: 0.2; P: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 3. Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic, 1915. Male: sternites, Brazil: A, sternite VIII; B, tergite VIII; C, tergite IX; aedeagi: frontal view: D, Brazil; E, Brazil (Oratórios); F, India (FMNH 4431745); G, Sri Lanka (FMNH 4431746); lateral view: H, Brazil, with sclerite; I, Brazil, sclerite removed; J, Brazil (Oratórios); K, Sri Lanka (FMNH 4431747); dorsal view: L, Brazil; M, Brazil (Oratórios); N, India (FMNH 4431745); O, India (FMNH 4431745); P–R, internal sac, Brazil. Scale bars: A–C, P–Q: 0.1 mm; D–O: 0.2 mm. s1: distal part of the sclerite; s2: middle part of the sclerite; s3: distal part of the sclerite. Arrows: prominences of the aedeagus.

FIGURE 4. Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic, 1915. Female: sternites: A, ventrite VIII; B, tergite VIII; C, terminalia; E, ovipositor. Scale bars: A–C: 0.1 mm; D: 0.05 mm.

FIGURE 5. A, Host fungus Inonotus sp. (Viçosa, Vila Gianetti); B, adult of Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum on the bottom face of the host; C, adult of Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum on the down surface of the host; Schizophyllum commune Fr. 1821: D, view from the top; E, gills. Scale bars: 1 cm.

FIGURE 6. Distribution map of Scaphisoma nigrofasciatum Pic, 1915 (red dots) and original distribution of Delonix regia (hook.) Raf. (orange dot)