Pedaliodes plotina plotina (Hewitson)

Viloria, Angel L., Pyrcz, Tomasz W. & Orellana, Andrés, 2010, A survey of the Neotropical montane butterflies of the subtribe Pronophilina (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) in the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa, Zootaxa 2622, pp. 1-41 : 20

Pedaliodes plotina plotina (Hewitson)

( Figs. 1, 2 )

[ Satyrus tiburtia Moritz in litt.] nomen nudum; Viloria et al., 2001: 33.

Pronophila plotina Hewitson, 1862: 4 , pl. 2, fig. 9, 10. 1 male, Venezuela, HC, BMNH type No. Rh. 4003 [LECTOTYPE of Pronophila plotina Hewitson , herein designated]; 1 female, same data; 4 males, Venezuela, pur. from Dyson, 47-9 [PARALECTOTYPES of P. plotina Hew. , herein designated]; 2 males, 1 female, Venezuela, Druce Coll., (1 male, genit. prep. ALV227-96), G-S [BMNH].

Pedaliodes plotina (Hewitson) ; Butler, 1867: 267.

Geographic range: Species: SL, CM, SP, ET, northern EC in Colombia; Subspecies: SL.

Altitudinal range: 1800–2600 m, ssp. rapha Adams & Bernard (1981), 1900–2600 in CM.

Remarks: This species can be easily recognized from all the sympatric congeners by the wide HWD orange band covering outer 1/3 of the wing. Its numerous subspecies (3 different subspecies identified in the CM and ST) differ between each other in the extent and shade of this element of color pattern. In the CC, P. plotina is one of the most frequently observed satyrine butterflies. It is abundant throughout the year, and persistent even during longer periods of extreme drought.

Material examined: DISTRITO FEDERAL: 2 males: Parque Nacional Avila, Qda. Anauco, 1400m, IX.1985, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 1 male: Parque Nacional Avila, Fila Maestra, 2400m, 07.V.1994, P. Rouche leg., TWP; 4 males: Dto. Federal, El Junquito, 28.V.1950, F. Fernández Y. leg. MIZA; 3 males: P. N. Avila, Caracas, 2150 m, 27.III.1979, D. Baiocchi leg., MIZA; 1 male: Pico Naiguatá, 2700 m, 16.V.1975, R. Dietz leg., MIZA; 1 male: P. N. Avila, Est. Teleférico, 16.VI.1983 leg., MIZA; 3 males: Avila, Hotel Humboldt, 14.XI.1981, J. DeMarmels leg., MIZA; MIRANDA: 4 males: Pico Naiguatá, N. of Caracas, 1500–1900 m, 15.V.1975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; 2 males: same data but 2700 m, 16.V.1975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; 1 male: same data but 17.V.1975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; 1 male: same data but 2100 m, 18.V.1975, M. Adams leg., BMNH; 1 male: same data but 1900 m, M. Adams leg., BMNH; ARAGUA: 1 male: Colonia Tovar, La Pollera, 31.XII.1991, P. Rouche leg., TWP; 2 males and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, 2200m, X.1995, F. Romer Jr. leg., TWP; 18 males and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, 2000m, 19–20. II.1995, P. Boyer leg., TWP; 3 males and 3 females: Colonia Tovar, 2000m, 11.XII.1995, P. Boyer leg., TWP; 7 males and 3 females: Colonia Tovar, 2000m, 01.XI.1997, P. Boyer leg., TWP; 9 males and 2 females: Colonia Tovar, 2100m, 11.XI.1997, P. Boyer leg., TWP; 1 male: Colonia Tovar, 2000m, 13.XI.1997, P. Boyer leg., TWP; 11 males: Colonia Tovar, vía Capachal, 2200m, 04.VIII.2003, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 15 males and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, vía Capachal, 2200m, 05.VIII.2003, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 2 male: Colonia Tovar, Los Colonos, 2100m, 06.VIII.2003, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 14 males and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, vía Naranjal, 02.VIII.2003, T. Pyrcz leg., TWP; 2 males: Colonia Tovar, 2000 m, 04.XII.1950, F. Fernández Y. leg. MIZA; 5 males: Colonia Tovar, 1800 m, 25.IX.1953, F. Fernández Y. leg. MIZA; 1 male: Colonia Tovar, vía Cuesta Maya, 2000 m, 25–26.III.1998, A. Chacón, Q. Arias and J. Chirinos leg. MIZA; 1 male: Capachal, vía Colonia Tovar, 2150, 11.VIII.1984, J. Lattke leg., MIZA; 1 male: Petaquire, 10.IV.1971, A. Montagne leg., MIZA; 2 males: carretera Jarillo- Colonia Tovar, 29.VII.1971, A. Montagne leg., MIZA; 1 male: El Jarillo, 29.VI.1970, F. Fernández Y. leg., MIZA; 2 males: Colonia Tovar, Cuesta de Puerto Maya, 2100 m, 21.XI.1996, J. DeMarmels leg., MIZA; 3 males: same data but 14.V.1996, MIZA; 1 male: sector La Mora, vía Colonia Tovar, 23.VII.1991, MIZA; 1 male: Colonia Tovar, 19. VI.1995, A. Chacón leg., MIZA; 2 females: Colonia Tovar, vía Cuesta Maya, 2100 m, 21.XI.1996, J. DeMarmels leg., MIZA; 2 males: Venezuela, Moritz, Coll. Sommer; 1 male, Venez.[uela], Coll. H.–Sch, ZMBH; 4 males and 1 female: Colonia Tovar, 2200 m, VII.1993, F. Romero leg., FRR; 2 males: same data but X.1986, FRR; 1 male: same data but V.1975, FRR; 1 male and 1 female: same data but IV.1970, FRR; 1 female: same data but 1700 m, VI.1987, FRR; 1 female: same data but VI.1975, FRR.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 10. Adult satyrine butterflies from the Cordillera de La Costa, Venezuela (left: dorsal, right: ventral); 1. Pedaliodes plotina plotina (Hewitson) (male, vía Capachal); 2. P. plotina plotina (Hewitson) (female, vía Naranjal); 3. Pedaliodes manis ivica Viloria & Pyrcz n. ssp., HOLOTYPE (male, Altos de Pipe); 4. P. manis ivica Viloria & Pyrcz n. ssp., PARATYPE (female, Altos de Pipe); 5. Pedaliodes piletha piletha (Hewitson) (male, vía Naranjal); 6. P. piletha piletha (Hewitson) (female, Los Colonos); 7. Pedaliodes piletha costa Viloria & Pyrcz n. ssp., HOLOTYPE (male, Cerro San Isidro); 8. P. piletha costa Viloria & Pyrcz n. ssp., PARATYPE (female, Cerro San Isidro); 9. Pedaliodes manneja Thieme (male, vía Capachal); 10. P. manneja Thieme (female, vía Capachal).