Salina peruana, Oliveira¹ & Cipola² & Almeida¹, 2020

Oliveira, Fábio G. L., Cipola, Nikolas G. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2020, Systematics and biogeography of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola: Entomobryoidea), with emphasis on the species groups in the New World, Insect Systematics & Evolution 51, pp. 81-138 : 120-121

Salina peruana sp.n. Oliveira & Cipola

Figures 9F , 10F , 11F , 12F , 13F , 14B and I , 15A , 16F , 18C , 19H

ZooBank: http://zoobank.org/ D5A23317-C835-468F-B327-25B2812C18FD

Diagnosis

Body despigmented, Ant I with 3 mac; cephalic groove with 2 serrated mic, without smooth chaetae; Th II–Abd I with 1, 1, 1 central mac, respectively; Abd III with 3 lateral mac (am6, pm6, p6); Abd IV with 7 central mac (A3–5, Ae1 absent) and 9 lateral mac; collophore with 7 anterior, 1 posterior and 12 lateral flap chaetae; trochanteral organ with 14 spine-like chaetae; manubrial plate with 3 chaetae.

Type material

Holotype ♂ on slide (MHN-UNMSM): Peru, Cusco, Calca province, Lamay municipality, river “Urubamba”, 13°21’19.3”S, 71°56’05.6”W, Montane Grasslands , 2920 m, 17.viii.2014, dish trap, JMC Nascimento & N Hamada coll. Paratypes on slides (MHN-UNMSM), 3 ♀ and 2 specimens in alcohol, same data as holotype . Paratypes on slides (COLLE 049/INPA): 1 ♂ and 1 ♀, same data as holotype .

Additional examined material

2 ♀ on slide and 5 specimens in alcohol (MHN-UNMSM): Peru, Ayacucho, Lucanas province, Santiago Del Vado municipality, river “San José Irupo”, 14°36’35”S, 74°15’53.9”W, Montane Shrublands , 3100 m, 15.viii.2014, dish trap, JMC Nascimento & N Hamada coll.

Description

Total length (head + trunk) of holotype 1.73 mm. Specimens pale yellow with irregular light blue color on antenna, head, Th II–Abd V. Legs pale yellow. Eyepatches black ( Figure 9F ).

Head. Ant I dorsally with 3 mac and 5 basal spiny smooth mic ( Figure 10F ). Posterior labial chaetotaxy series ‘CG’ with 4–5 ciliate chaetae (CG1-3, CG5, CG7), CG2 present or absent, and 2 serrated mic (CG4, CG6); series ‘PLM’ with 2 ciliate chaetae (PLM1–2); series ‘PLE’ with 2 ciliate chaetae (PLE1–2); lateral side with about 13 ciliate chaetae ( Figure 11F ).

Dorsal chaetotaxy. Th II with 1 ‘m’ mac (m7); 1 ‘p’ mac (p3); Th III with 1 ‘p’ mac (p3) ( Figure 12F ). Abd I with 1 ‘m’ mac (m4) ( Figure 13F ). Abd III with 2 ‘m’ mac (am6, pm6); 1 ‘p’ mac (p6) and 1 ‘p’ mes (p7i) ( Figure 14B ). Abd IV with 2 ‘A’ mac (A1, A6); 3 ‘B’ mac (B3–5); 1 ‘Be’ mac (Be1); 1 ‘C’ mac (C1); 3 ‘E’ mac (E1–2, E4); 4 ‘F’ mac (F1–F3p); 2 ‘Fe’ mac (Fe1, Fe6); posterior side with 4 sens type IV (ps and three unnamed) ( Figure 14I ). Abd V with 2 ‘a’ mac (a3, a5); 3 ‘m’ mac (m2–3, m5); and 5 ‘p’ mac (p0-4) (similar to S. brasiliana sp.n.) ( Figure 15A ).

Appendages. Trochanteral organ with 14 smooth spine-like chaetae ( Figure 16F ). Collophore anterior side with 3 subapical mac of equal length, and 4 proximal smooth mic; posterior side with 1 apical smooth chaetae; lateral flap formula 5(s), 2(m), 5(i) smooth chaetae, 1 inferior larger ( Figure 18C ). Manubrial plate with 3 chaetae ( Figure 19C ). Mucro with 3–4 teeth (d1, ap, v1) ( Figure 19H ).

Etymology

This species name refers to the locality where the species was found in Peru.

Remarks

Salina peruana sp.n. resembles S. unisetosa sp.n. in reduced body color, Ant I with 3 mac, manubrial plate with 3 chaetae and Th II–Abd I with 1, 1, 1 central mac, respectively. However, S. peruana sp.n. differs of this species by dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd III with 3 lateral mac (6 in S. unisetosa sp.n.), and Abd IV without Ae1, E3 and Fe3 mac (present in S. unisetosa sp.n.). Other characteristic that is different in S. peruana sp.n. is cephalic groove with 6–7 chaetae (8 in S. unisetosa sp.n), collophore with 7 anterior chaetae (3 mac equal), 1 posterior chaetae and 12 chaetae on lateral flap, while S. unisetosa sp.n. has 8 anterior chaetae (3 mac unequal), 2 posterior chaetae and 15 chaetae lateral flap. The color reduction in S. peruana sp.n. also differs, since S. unisetosa sp.n. has appendages yellowish. For additional information, refer to Table 2 .

Figures

Fig. 9. Habitus of Salina spp. (dorsal view): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n. (distal half of Ant IV missing); (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.; (J), S. dedoris from Roraima state, Brazil; (K), S. tristani from Amazonas state, Brazil. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Fig. 10. Head structures of Salina spp.: (A–I), Ant I dorsal chaetotaxy (right): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n., arrow indicates mac present or absent. (J–K), general structures of anterior and ventral head: (J), labral papillae, prelabral and labral chaetotaxy; (K), maxillary outer lobe and sublobal plate; (L), labial palp and proximal chaetae; (M), labial basolateral and basomedian fields.

Fig. 11. Head ventral chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 12. Th II–III dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 13. Abd I dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 14. Abd III–IV dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A–C), Abd III: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. hamadae sp.n.; (C), S. serrana sp.n. (D–I), Abd IV: (D), S. brasiliana sp.n.; (E), S. hamadae sp.n.; (F), S. serrana sp.n.; (G), S. bicolor sp.n.; (H), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (I), S. peruana sp.n.

Fig. 15. Abd V dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. serrana sp.n.; (G), S. tocantinensis sp.n.

Fig. 16. Legs structures of Salina spp.: (A–I), trochanteral organ (right): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n. (J–K), distal tibiotarsus and foot complex (posterior side): (J), fore leg; (K), hind leg.

Fig. 18. Collophore chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A–B), Salina maculipenis sp.n.: (A), anterior side; (B), lateral and posterior side. (C–E), complete chaetotaxy (lateral view): (C), S. peruana sp.n.; (D), S. serrana sp.n.; (E), S. unisetosa sp.n.; (F–G), S. tocantinensis sp.n.: (F), anterior side; (G), lateral and posterior side.

Fig. 19. Genital plate and furcula of Salina spp.: (A–B), Genital plate of Salina serrana sp.n. (ventral view): (A), ♂; (B), ♀. (C), Distal manubrium and proximal dens of S. brasiliana sp.n. (lateral view), arrow indicates chaeta absent in manubrial plate of some species. (D–I), distal dens and mucro (inner view):(D), S. brasiliana sp.n.; (E), S. bellinii sp.n.; (F), S. hamadae sp.n.; (G), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (H), S. peruana sp.n.; (I), S. serrana sp.n.