Raveniola ornata, Zonstein, 2024

Zonstein, Sergei L., 2024, A revision of the spider genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae). II. Species from Central Asia, European Journal of Taxonomy 967, pp. 1-185 : 39-42

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2024.967.2699
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C08B8027-50CC-417E-BCD4-5183B9FF6738
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14034694
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E6AD8A1-010C-439E-8EA5-3AD43C180B86
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:2E6AD8A1-010C-439E-8EA5-3AD43C180B86
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Raveniola ornata
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Raveniola ornata sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2E6AD8A1-010C-439E-8EA5-3AD43C180B86

Figs 11 View Figs 10–18 , 45–46 View Figs 45–53 , 72 View Figs 69–75 , 93 View Figs 91–99 , 120 View Figs 118–126 , 147 View Figs 136–147 , 178 View Figs 172–183 , 212 View Figs 211–219 , 239 View Figs 238–246 , 269 View Figs 265–273 , 298 View Figs 290–309 , 361 View Figs 349–363 , 412–414 View Figs 409–417 , 513–516 View Figs 504–521 , 577–580 View Figs 575–583 , 667–673, 753

Diagnosis

The new species shares with R. ornatula sp. nov. a denser (than usual) dorsal abdominal pattern, a wide roundish sternum, small PMS and an ornamented ventral surface of the abdomen, but can be distinguished from the latter in possessing a sparser ventral abdominal pattern ( Figs 11 View Figs 10–18 , 45–46 View Figs 45–53 , 212 View Figs 211–219 , 239 View Figs 238–246 , 577–580 View Figs 575–583 cf. Figs 12 View Figs 10–18 , 47 View Figs 45–53 , 213 View Figs 211–219 , 240 View Figs 238–246 , 581–583 View Figs 575–583 ). Males of R. ornata sp. nov. differ from males of R. ornatula in having a long and narrow basal section of the embolus considerably exceeding the tegulum in its length ( Figs 412–414 View Figs 409–417 cf. Figs 415–417 View Figs 409–417 ). The conspecific females can be distinguished from females of R. ornatula in possessing smaller but more numerous maxillary cuspules, as well as longer and narrower basal (inner) branches of the spermathecae ( Figs 239 View Figs 238–246 , 513–516 View Figs 504–521 cf. Figs 240 View Figs 238–246 , 517–519 View Figs 504–521 ).

Etymology

The specific epithet is a Latin adjective meaning ‘ornate’, ‘ornamented’, ‘decorated’, and refers to a fine dorsal abdominal pattern characteristic for this species.

Material examined

Holotype

TAJIKISTAN • ♂; Sanglok Mts, northeastern slope above Sharshar Pass ; 38°18′ N, 69°14′ E; 1880 m a.s.l.; 5 May 1991; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH. GoogleMaps

Paratypes (1 ♂, 16 ♀♀)

TAJIKISTAN • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 1600–2200 m a.s.l.; 3–5 May 1991; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps • 2 ♀♀; Gazimailik Mts, eastern slope , 7–8 km WNW of Ganjina Village; 37°59′ N, 68°29′ E; 1700–1800 m a.s.l.; 20 Apr. 1989; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps • 7 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 1900–2050 m a.s.l.; 18 Apr. 1991; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps • 4 ♀♀; Panj Karatau Mts, northeastern slope of Mt Astana ; 37°23′ N, 69°15′ E; 1500–1600 m a.s.l.; 25 Apr. 1990; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps .

Additional material (2 juvs)

TAJIKISTAN • 1 juv.; Vahsh Karatau Mts, northern slope of Mt Hojamaston ; 37°59′ N, 68°58′ E; 1900 m a.s.l.; 24 Apr. 1989; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps .

UZBEKISTAN • 1 juv.; Babatag Mts , 2.5 km ESE of Mt Zarkassa; 37°58′ N, 68°11′ E; 1800 m a.s.l.; 1 May 1995; S. Zonstein leg.; SMNH GoogleMaps .

Description

Male (holotype)

HABITUS. See Fig. 11. View Figs 10–18

MEASUREMENTS. TBL 13.25, CL 5.94, CW 5.53, LL 0.43, LW 0.89, SL 2.84, SW 2.70.

COLOUR. Carapace and leg I from femur to metatarsus medium foxy brown; tarsus I, and entire palps and legs II–IV lighter foxy brown; eye tubercle with eyes surrounded with partially fused blackish rings, chelicerae light cherry red; sternum, labium and maxillae light brownish orange; abdomen pale yellowish brown with numerous brownish marks forming well-developed reticulate pattern on dorsal side and incomplete spotted pattern on ventral side; book-lungs and spinnerets pale yellowish brown.

CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 93 View Figs 91–99 . Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 147 View Figs 136–147 . Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.17(0.23), ALE 0.26, PLE 0.19, PME 0.17; AME–AME 0.15(0.09), ALE–AME 0.13(0.10), ALE–PLE 0.10, PLE–PME 0.04, PME–PME 0.48. Anterior cheliceral edge with unmodified setae; rastellum not developed. Each cheliceral furrow with 7 promarginal teeth and 4–5 mesobasal denticles. MIT indiscernible. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 212 View Figs 211–219 . Maxillae with 28–30 cuspules each.

LEGS. Tibia and metatarsus I as in Figs 269 View Figs 265–273 , 298 View Figs 290–309 . Scopula: entire and distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on tarsi I–II; vestigial on tarsi III–IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9–10 each on tibiae, 13–15 on metatarsi, 11–12 on tarsi, 8 on cymbium. PTC I–IV with 8–10 teeth on each margin.

SPINATION. Palp: femur d3, pd2, rd1; patella pd1; tibia d3, p3, r2, v5; cymbium d3(4)+12–15 spikes. Leg I: femur d3, pd3; patella p1; tibia p2, pv1, rv2+ 2M. Leg II: femur d3, pd3, rd3; patella p1; tibia p3, v7; metatarsus p1, v4. Leg III: femur d4, pd3, rd2; patella p2, r1; tibia d4, p4, r3, v7; metatarsus d4, p4, r3, v7. Leg IV: femur d4, pd3, rd2(1); patella p2, r1; tibia d2, p4, r3, v8; metatarsus d5, p4, r4, v9. Metatarsus I and tarsi I–IV aspinose.

PALP. Tibia, cymbium and copulatory bulb as shown in Fig. 361 View Figs 349–363 . Embolus with long basal portion lacking keel and moderately short twisted apical part ( Figs 412–414 View Figs 409–417 ).

SPINNERETS. See Fig. 577 View Figs 575–583 . PMS: length 0.33, diameter 0.12. PLS: maximal diameter 0.46; length of basal, medial and apical segments 0.76, 0.44, 0.52; total length 1.72; apical segment short digitiform.

	Femur	Patella	Tibia	Metatarsus	Tarsus	Total
Palp	3.71 (3.85)	1.78 (2.05)	2.73 (2.69)	–	0.99 (2.32)	9.21 (10.91)
Leg I	5.97 (5.26)	3.24 (3.31)	4.56 (3.97)	4.93 (3.48)	2.71 (2.28)	21.41 (18.30)
Leg II	5.69 (5.02)	2.81 (2.85)	4.30 (3.57)	4.96 (3.44)	2.70 (2.27)	20.46 (17.15)
Leg III	4.82 (4.61)	2.45 (2.43)	3.65 (2.97)	5.05 (4.04)	2.59 (2.43)	18.56 (16.48)
Leg IV	6.01 (5.93)	2.86 (2.88)	4.66 (4.14)	6.63 (5.69)	2.96 (2.75)	23.12 21.39)

Female (paratype from Sanglok Mts)

HABITUS. See Fig. 46. View Figs 45–53

MEASUREMENTS. TBL 19.85, CL 6.74, CW 6.29, LL 0.61, LW 1.38, SL 3.37, SW 3.39.

COLOUR. As in male.

CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 120 View Figs 118–126 . Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 178 View Figs 172–183 . Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.20(0.26), ALE 0.32, PLE 0.24, PME 0.17; AME–AME 0.22(0.16), ALE–AME 0.16(0.13), ALE–PLE 0.16, PLE–PME 0.08, PME–PME 0.59. Cheliceral rastellum absent. Each cheliceral furrow with 7 promarginal teeth and 5–6 mesobasal denticles. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 239 View Figs 238–246 . Maxillae with 53–55 cuspules each.

LEGS. Scopula: distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on palpal tarsus and tarsus I–II; vestigial on tarsi III–IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 9–11 each on tibiae, 16–18 on metatarsi, 13–16 on tarsi. Palpal claw with 6 promarginal teeth. PTC I–IV with 7–8 and 10–11 teeth on inner and outer margins, respectively.

SPINATION. Femora I–IV with 1–2 basodorsal spines and 2–3 dorsal bristles; palpal patella, patella I, and tarsi I–IV aspinose. Palp: femur d3, pd1; tibia p1, v7; tarsus v3(2). Leg I: femur pd1; tibia p1, v5; metatarsus v6(5). Leg II: femur pd3; patella p1; tibia p2(1), v6(5); metatarsus v6. Leg III: femur pd2, rd2; patella p2, r1; tibia d1, p2, r2, v7(6); metatarsus p4, r2, v7. Leg IV: femur rd1; patella r1; tibia d1, p3, r3, v7; metatarsus p4, r4, v7(6).

SPERMATHECAE. Each of paired spermathecae Y-shaped; a relatively high and narrow base together with inner branch form spermathecal trank; the latter carries a club-like outer branch diverging close to medium part of this structure ( Fig. 515 View Figs 504–521 ).

SPINNERETS. See Figs 578–579 View Figs 575–583 . PMS: length 0.52, diameter 0.19. PLS: maximal diameter 0.78; length of basal, medial and apical segments 1.05, 0.69, 0.88; total length 2.62; apical segment short digitiform.

Variation

Carapace length in males (n =2) varies from 3.67 to 5.94, in females (n=11) from 5.37 to 6.74. Variation in details of the coloration, and in structure of the spermathecae as shown in Figs 45 View Figs 45–53 , 72 View Figs 69–75 , 513–514, 516 View Figs 504–521 .

Ecology

Raveniola ornata sp. nov. inhabits montane slopes and flattened summits between 1500 and 2200 m a.s.l., covered by shrubland and open park forest dominated by species of Acer L., Prunus L., Juniperus seravschanica and Cercis griffithii Boiss. ( Figs 667–673 View Figs 667–674 ). All spiders were found under stones.

Distribution

The far southern Uzbekistan and the southwestern Tajikistan. Despite a thorough search, the spiders were not found at altitudes below 1500 m a.s.l. (although the bottoms of intermontane semidesert valleys are located at an altitude of 500–1000 m a.s.l.). Therefore, the known species range is not continuous. The range of this species is mosaic, since all above-listed localities are confined to the upper zone of several low ridges (representing, within the entire area, the less aridized isolated biotopes); currently, these are entirely separated from each other. See Fig. 753 View Figs 751–760 .