Purpurata directa, Xue & Lu & Du, 2024

Xue, Xin-Lei, Lu, Xiao-Qiang & Du, Xi-Cui, 2024, The new genus Purpurata (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae), with descriptions of two new species from China, ZooKeys 1219, pp. 175-194 : 175-194

Purpurata directa sp. nov.

Figs 2 , 8 , 9 , 15 , 15 a – c , 16

Patania iopasalis : Xu and Du 2016: 132, figs 5–8. Type locality: India (misidentification).

Diagnosis.

This species is very similar to P. iopasalis in appearance, but can be distinguished by ventral cilia ~ 1 / 3 length of flagellomere diameter in male, antemedial line of forewing relatively straight and slightly inclined outward, postmedial line of fore and hind wings smooth linear between M 2 and CuA 2 (Figs 8 , 9 ); uncus semicircular, gnathos a transverse lamina, and valva broader than the latter in male genitalia (Fig. 15 ); a signum present in female genitalia (Fig. 16 ). In P. iopasalis , the ventral cilia are approximately equal in length of flagellomere diameter in male, the antemedial line is slightly wavy, the postmedial line of fore and hind wings punctiform between M 2 and CuA 2 (Fig. 7 ); the uncus is nearly triangular, and the gnathos is finger-like in the male genitalia (Fig. 14 a ); and the signum is absent in the female genitalia.

Type material.

Holotype: ♂ pinned, with genitalia in a separate slide. China • Hunan Prov., Huping Mountain , Shimen County, alt. 350 m, 6 June 2017, Jian-Yue Qiu & Hao Xu leg., genitalia slide number: LXQ 18315 . Paratypes: pinned, some with genitalia in the separate slides, respectively. China • 6 ♂♂, same data as holotype • Hubei Prov., 1 ♂, Hejiaping Town , Changyang County, alt. 800 m, 18 May 2018, Xian-Qiang Lu & Xi-Cui Du leg. • Chongqing Municipality, 2 ♀♀, Daheba, Jinfo Mountain , alt. 600 m, 14, 17 July 2017, Shi-Man Bu leg • Sichuan Prov., 2 ♂♂, Emei Mountain , alt. 863 m, 17 July 2011, Jian-Bo Cao leg. • Guizhou Prov., 3 ♂♂, Baishao, Kuankuoshui , alt. 800 m, 10 August 2010, Xi-Cui Du leg., genitalia slide number: HGQ 13018 , HGQ 13019 • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Wengang village , Libo County, alt. 1345 m, 20 July 2015, Ji-Ping Wan leg. • Yunnan Prov., 1 ♂, Baihualing Village, Baoshan City , alt. 1520 m, 13 July 2007, Dan-Dan Zhang leg. • 1 ♂, Daxichang Village , Malipo County, alt. 1465 m, 7 August 2007, Man-Fei Tao leg. • Hainan Prov., 1 ♂, Bawangling National Forest Park , 11 June 2010, Li Kang leg., genitalia slide number: XLJ 14105 • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Wuzhi Mountain , alt. 795 m, 18, 19, 21 May 2014, Li-Jun Xu & Dan Xu leg., genitalia slide number: XD 15024 ♂, XLJ 14146 ♂, XLJ 14147 ♀ • 1 ♂, Diaoluo Mountain , alt. 500 m, 25 May 2014, Li-Jun Xu & Dan Xu leg., genitalia slide number: XD 15049 • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 3 ♂♂, Nonggang National Nature Reserve , Longzhou County, alt. 188 m, 25, 27, 30 July 2011, Gui-Qing He leg., genitalia slide number: XLJ 14083 (being identified as Patania iopasalis by Xu and Du (2016)), XLJ 13199 • 3 ♂♂, Nonggang National Nature Reserve , Longzhou County, alt. 188 m, 2 August 2011, Gui-Qing He leg., genitalia slide number: XLJ 13164 • 5 ♂♂, Mulun Nature Reserve , alt. 288 m, 21 July 2015, Dan Xu leg. • Guangdong Prov., 5 ♂♂, Renhua County, Danxia Mountain , alt. 408 m, 31 May 2018, Feng-Xia He leg.

Description.

Habitus (Figs 2 , 8 , 9 ). Forewing length 9.0–13.5 mm, wingspan 21.0–30.0 mm. Frons and vertex yellow. Labial palpus yellowish white, with distal part of 2 nd segment brown. Maxillary palpus yellowish white basally, brown near distal end. Antenna yellowish brown, with brown spots on scape, ventral cilia ~ 1 / 3 in length of diameter of flagellomere in male. Patagium and tegula yellow, with brown patches. Thorax yellowish brown dorsally, white ventrally. Legs pale yellow, front coxa and middle tibia with outer sides black at the base and distal end, front tibia with distal end black. Wings yellow, with purple-brown lines and patches. Forewing with three small spots at base, another spot near basal dorsum; antemedial line relatively straight, slightly inclined outward, accompanied by a large elliptical pale patch inside; orbicular stigma a dark brown dot; discoidal stigma reniform, yellow centrally, connected to postmedial line posteriorly; postmedial line slightly obliquely inward from costa, straightly excurved between M 2 and CuA 2, then incurved to discoidal stigma below and sinuous to inner margin; an irregular large patch between anterior postmedial line and terminal margin, another irregular large patch below discoidal stigma and extended to tornus; a line of small spots along terminal margin. Hindwing with discoidal stigma a short oblique stripe; postmedial line same as forewing before CuA 2, not apparent afterwards; an irregular large patch near apex beyond anterior postmedial line; a band below discoidal stigma slightly inclined towards tornus, accompanied by another irregular misty wide band extended to tornus. Cilia of fore and hind wings purple-brown, white basally. Abdomen yellow dorsally, white ventrally; 1 st and 2 nd tergites with black spots laterally; 7 th and 8 th tergites black posteriorly in male; terminally black in female.

Male genitalia (Fig. 15 ). Uncus semicircular. Gnathos a transverse lamina, with posterior end arc-shaped and setose (Fig. 15 a ). Valva broad tongue-shaped, with long setae along distal costa; sacculus a narrowed band; fibula a triangular lamina, setose basally (Fig. 15 b ). Saccus cylindrical, with rounded end. Juxta a narrowed plate. Phallus posteriorly with an oval protruding sclerite, with a thick, needle-like cornutus and a brush-like cornutus composed of a spine cluster (Fig. 15 c ).

Female genitalia (Fig. 16 ). Apophyses anteriores ~ 2 × length of apophyses posteriores. Ductus seminalis originating from antrum. Ductus bursae ~ 2 × length of corpus bursae. Corpus bursae nearly rounded, with a short transverse bar-like signum.

Distribution.

China (Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi).

Etymology.

The species name directa is derived from the Latin word directus, an adjective, meaning straight, indicating the antemedial line of forewing relatively straight.

Figures

Figures 2–5. Purpurata directa sp. nov. 2 head ♂ 3 wing venation ♂ 4 wing venation ♀ 5 tympanal organ. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (2, 5); 1.0 mm (3, 4).

Figures 6–11. Habitus of Purpurata species 6 P. obfuscalis ♂ 7 P. iopasalis ♂ 8 P. directa sp. nov. holotype ♂ 9 P. directa sp. nov. paratype ♀ 10 P. lurida sp. nov. holotype ♂ 11 P. plagiatalis ♂. Scale bars: 0.5 cm.

Figures 12–16. Genitalia of Purpurata species 12, 13 P. obfuscalis 12 male, genitalia slide no. XXL 23275 13 female, genitalia slide no. XLJ 14221 14 P. iopasalis, male, genitalia slide no. XXL 23277 15, 16 P. directa sp. nov. 15 male, holotype, genitalia slide no. LXQ 18315 16 female, paratype, genitalia slide no. XLJ 14147 12 a, 14 a, 15 a gnathos 12 b, 14 b, 15 b fibula 12 c, 14 c, 15 c cornuti and posterior protrusion of phallus. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (12–16); 0.1 mm (12 a – c, 14 a – c, 15 a – c).