Pterostichus (Circinatus) camelus, Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2015

Shi, Hongliang & Liang, Hongbin, 2015, The genus Pterostichus in China II: the subgenus Circinatus Sciaky, a species revision and phylogeny (Carabidae, Pterostichini), ZooKeys 536, pp. 1-92 : 11

Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Carabidae

Pterostichus (Circinatus) camelus sp. n. Figures 9, 28, 60, 76, 95, 118

Type locality.

Sichuan: Mianning County, Yele reserve (N28.96508°, E102.16137°), altitude 2988 m.

Type material.

Holotype (IZAS): male, body length = 12.7 mm, pin mounted, genitalia dissected and glued on plastic film pinned under specimen, "CHINA, Sichuan, Mianning / county, Yele reserve, / 2988 m, mixed forest; / N28.96508 E102.16137 "; "2012.VI.24, pit fall trap; SHI / Hongliang, YANG Ganyan & / LIU Ye lgt., Inst. Zool., CAS / 冕宁县冶勒自然保护区”; "HOLOTYPE ♂/ Pterostichus (Circinatus) / camelus new species / des. SHI H.L. 2015" [red label]. Paratypes, a total of 2 females: 1 female (IZAS): same data as holotype. 1 female (IZAS): "China, Sichuan, Mianning county, Yele reserve, 2988 m, mixed forest; N28.96508 E102.16137; 2012.VI.22 day, under dead log; SHI Hongliang, YANG Ganyan & LIU Ye lgt."

Diagnosis.

Body rather elongate; pronotum with three or four mid-lateral setae; hind angle completely rounded; basal fovea almost impunctate; fifth tarsomeres setose beneath; males with two large tubercles on penultimate sternum.

This species can be easily distinguished from all other Circinatus species of agilis -group (with multi-setae on pronotal lateral margin) by the setose fifth tarsomeres, and by the very special male secondary sexual character on penultimate sternum.

Description.

Body form fairly slender, body length 12.7-13.5 mm; dorsal side dark brown, moderately shining; elytron without iridescent shine; mouthparts, antenna, tarsus, and apex of tibia yellowish brown; ventral side brownish. Both sexes with distinct isodiametric microsculpture on elytron. Head. Frons without punctures; antenna reaching elytron basal fifth; right mandible without distinct tooth; left mandible with a tooth near base; gena a little shorter than length of eye, very briefly tumid behind eye. Pronotum distinctly narrowed to base, lateral margin almost straight before hind angle, widest before middle, PW/PL = 1.13-1.20; three or four mid-lateral setae present, first one close to anterior angle, last one near middle of lateral margin, setae usually evenly separated; posterior seta far distant from hind angle, distance between seta and hind angle approx same as distance between hind angle and inner basal foveal groove; hind angle completely rounded; basal fovea shallow, faintly defined; inner groove subparallel to median line, curved outwards; outer groove completely vanished, outer area of inner groove faintly depressed; basal foveal area more or less punctate around inner groove. Elytron oviform, with basal ridge almost horizontal; elytral shoulder distinctly narrowed, basal ridge and lateral margin forming obtuse angle, humeral tooth indistinct; intervals feebly convex; striae moderately deep, with faint punctures inside; scutellar stria short and complete; third interval with two setigerous pores adjacent to second stria; umbilical pore series on ninth interval sparse in middle, composed of 15-17 pores (6, 1-2, 8-9). Ventral side. Proepisternum and mesepisternum finely punctate; metepisternum impunctate; penultimate sternum of males (Fig. 118) with two large tubercles in middle, occupying posterior half of sternum, primary setae of penultimate sternum inserted on outer surface of each tubercle; male terminal sternum not modified. Legs. Fifth tarsomeres with three to four pairs of setae beneath; males with apical half of mesotibia not widened, inner margin not crenulate; first metatarsomere with distinct carina on outer surface, such carina on second and third metatarsomeres superficial. Male genitalia. Median lobe of male genitalia bent less than 90 degrees, apex gradually bent ventrally (Fig. 28A); ventral margin straight in middle, dorsal margin gradually curved; apical orifice large, slightly turned to left side, not opened on ventral side; apical lamella long, approx one third length of apical orifice, laminate with apex slightly thickened; in dorsal view, apical lamella slightly inclined right, nearly triangular with rounded apex, length approx equal to its basal width (Fig. 28B). Right paramere straight and stout, inner margin slightly expanded near middle, length approx 2.5 times greatest width, apex rounded (Fig. 28C). Endophallus not studied. Female genitalia. Spermatheca with seminal canal approx five times as long as receptaculum; receptaculum capitate (Fig. 60), club approx half length of receptaculum; seminal canal inserted at base of common oviduct, base of seminal canal sclerotized. Stylomere II with two ensiform setae at outer margin and one at basal third of inner margin; two short nematiform setae located in a furrow near apex. Female sternum VIII (Fig. 76B) with dense and fine spines on posterior margin; posterior margin curved, deeply notched in middle; posterior region chitinized, anterior region semi-chitinized, middle transparent region V-shaped, adjacent to posterior notch in middle; three transparent patches present on each side. Female tergum VIII (Fig. 76A) with major portion chitinized, mid-posterior region semi-chitinized with denser spots.

Distribution.

This species is known only from a single locality in Yele Reserve, Sichuan, Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture. (Map 2)

Etymology.

The scientific name camelus comes from the generic name of the camel, referring to the two large tubercles on the male penultimate sternum of this new species, which are reminiscent of the Bactrian camel ( Camelus bactrianus ).

Affinities.

This new species seems to be allied to Pterostichus agilis in that both species have male secondary sexual characters on the penultimate sternum and similar aedeagi.

Habitat.

Pterostichus camelus sp. n. was collected in mixed forest with dominant large pines, rich in dead logs. Two specimens were collected by pitfall trap, and the third was found under or in dead logs. In Yele Reserve, Pterostichus camelus sp. n. was found together with two other Circinatus species, Pterostichus cavazzutianus mianningensis ssp. n., and Pterostichus zhygealu sp. n.

Variation.

One female paratype has the elytral third and fourth striae briefly fused at approx basal third.