Psorodonotus rize Kaya & Çıplak, 2014

Kaya, Sarp, Chobanov, Dragan & Çiplak, Battal, 2014, Review of Psorodonotus Specularis Group (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Tettigoniinae): two new species from North-east Anatolia, Zootaxa 3895 (3), pp. 367-400 : 397

Psorodonotus rize Kaya & Çıplak sp. n.

( Figs 1 , 8 , 22 , 36 , 51 , 65 , 79 , 93 , 107 , 121 , 133 –137, 146 , 157 ; Tables 1–4 )

Material examined. Holoype, male; TURKEY: Rize , Çamlıhemşin, Elevit, 40o51.461' N, 0 41o 00.405' E, 1825 m, 0 2.08.2012 (leg. B. Çıplak, S. Kaya & E.M. Korkmaz) ( AUZM); Paratypes, 19M, 24F, same data as holotype.

Diagnosis. Psorodonotus rize sp. n. is belonging to the Specularis Group and shows close affinities with P. davisi by sharing several synapomorphies that are unique in the genus. Especially prominent features are the male anal tergite shape with wide shallow medial incision and two triangular processes, the short male cercus with a long tooth, male subgenital plate with long styli and the robust titillators with enlarged basal arms and more spinose apical arms. The new species differs from its sister species ( P. davisi ) by the slender cercus with a tooth located in the middle (in P. da v i s i cercus is more robust and with a tooth located in its first half close to the base). Additionally, males of the new species produce two different song types; one of the songs is similar to that of P. davisi by including 4–6 elements in phrase unit while the second includes 7–8 elements in a unit. A phrase with 7–8 elements is unique for the genus. Our unpublished molecular data suggest that there is no gene exchange between these two species and they shared a common ancestor about two million years ago.

Etymology. Named after its range of occurrence in the Rize province, including its type locality, located on the northern slopes of Kaçkar Mountain Range in the north-east of Turkey.

Description Male (holotype). Medium sized for the genus and for the group.

Thorax. Pronotum ( Fig. 8 ) long, at least one and a half longer than the fore tibia, and suddenly widened backward in metazona. Disc of pronotum flattened, distinctly depressed in the middle, with rounded lateral margins and widely rounded hind margin, smooth and shiny in prozona and indistinctly tuberculate in metazona. Paranota smooth and shiny. Tegmina reach to the sixth abdominal tergite and are covered by pronotum up to their one-fourth ( Fig. 36 ). The stridulatory peg number varies between 90 and 138 (mean 108). Hind femora extend beyond the tip of abdomen by one-third.

Abdomen. Cercus ( Fig. 65 ) short for both the genus and the species group; with a long and apically incurved tooth located at the beginning of the distal half; almost in the same width basally and distally of the tooth. Anal tergite with a wide and round incision and two projections at the hind margin ( Fig. 51 ). Subgenital plate wide in the base and suddenly tapering distalward in its apical third, with a shallow triangular incision and narrow apical lobes; styli very long, half or more of the medial length of subgenital plate. Titillators ( Fig. 93 ) are strong, with smooth basal arms and wide spinose apical arms; spinules of apical arms ordered in two or more rows dorsally.

Colouration. General colouration reddish brown. Vertex of head and disk of pronotum reddish brown or dark olive green. Paranota dark olive green. Tegmina brown with yellow veins. Hind femur and tibia reddish brown, Abdomen pale reddish brown. Cerci brown.

Female. Pronotum similar to that of male ( Fig. 22 ), but the rounded lateral margins more gradually widen from mid of prozona toward metazona and the tubercles in metazona are relatively prominent when compared to male. Tegmina fully covered by pronotum, reduced to scale-like appendages hardly overlapping dorsally. Hind femora extend beyond end of abdomen as in male. Subgenital ( Fig. 121 ) plate short, transverse, incised medially at hind margin with rounded apical lobes. Ovipositor ( Fig. 107 ) slender, long, roughly 3 times of the pronotum length.

Colouration. Totally olive green, with black spots at the base of abdominal terga, tarsi reddish as in male.

Distribution. The new species occurs in the alpine zone of the Northern Kaçkar Range in the Rize Province of Turkey.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distribution of P. s pe c u l ar i s group and populations studied (open symbols indicate to localities in literature for the respective species).

FIGURE 133. Graph obtained from CV analysis of male pronotum.

FIGURE 134. Plot for centroid size of pronotum obtained from the same data set (A male and B female).

FIGURE 135. Graph obtained from CV analysis of ovipositor.

FIGURE 136. Graph obtained from CV analysis of cerci.

FIGURE 137. Plot for ratio of length and width of hind femurs (A male and B female).

FIGURE 157. Plots for temporal song parameter (phrase)

FIGURES 6 – 19. Male pronotum (A dorsal view, B lateral view, scale: 5 mm). 6 — RizeOvit-A, 7 — RizeCimil-A, 8 — RizeElevit, 9 — RizeOvit-B, 10 — RizeCimil-B, 11 — BayburtSoğanlı, 12 — GiresunTamdere, 13 — ArtvinSavsat, 14 — ArdahanHanak, 15 — ArdahanCıldır, 16 — LesserCaucasus, 17 — ArmeniaSyunik, 18 — GeorgiaMestia 19 — GeorgiaKitochi

FIGURES 20 – 33. Female pronotum (A dorsal view, B lateral view, scale: 5 mm). 20 — RizeOvit-A, 21 — RizeCimil-A, 22 — RizeElevit, 23 — RizeOvit-B, 24 — RizeCimil-B, 25 — BayburtSoğanlı, 26 — GiresunTamdere, 27 — ArtvinSavsat, 28 — ArdahanHanak, 29 - ArdahanCıldır, 30 — LesserCaucasus, 31 — ArmeniaSyunik, 32 — GeorgiaMestia, 33 — GeorgiaKitochi

FIGURES 34 – 47. Male tegmina (scale: 5 mm). 34 — RizeOvit-A, 35 — RizeCimil-A, 36 — RizeElevit, 37 — RizeOvit-B, 38 — RizeCimil-B, 39 — BayburtSoğanlı, 40 — GiresunTamdere, 41 — ArtvinSavsat, 42 — ArdahanHanak, 43 — ArdahanCıldır 44 — LesserCaucasus, 45 — ArmeniaSyunik, 46 — GeorgiaMestia 47 — GeorgiaKitochi.

FIGURES 49 – 62. Male anal tergite (scale: 2.5 mm). 49 — RizeOvit-A, 50 — RizeCimil-A, 51 — RizeElevit, 52 — RizeOvit-B, 53 — RizeCimil-B, 54 — BayburtSoğanlı, 55 — GiresunTamdere, 56 — ArtvinSavsat, 57 — ArdahanHanak, 58 - ArdahanCıldır, 59 — LesserCaucasus, 60 — ArmeniaSyunik, 61 — GeorgiaMestia, 62 — GeorgiaKitochi.

FIGURES 63 – 76. Male cerci (scale: 2.5 mm). 63 — RizeOvit-A, 64 — RizeCimil-A, 65 — RizeElevit, 66 — RizeOvit-B, 67 — RizeCimil-B, 68 — BayburtSoğanlı, 69 — GiresunTamdere, 70 — ArtvinSavsat, 71 — ArdahanHanak, 72 - ArdahanCıldır, 73 — LesserCaucasus, 74 — ArmeniaSyunik, 75 — GeorgiaMestia, 76 — GeorgiaKitochi.

FIGURES 77 – 90. Male subgenital plate (scale: 2.5 mm). 77 — RizeOvit-A, 78 — RizeCimil-A, 79 — RizeElevit, 80 — RizeOvit- B, 81 — RizeCimil-B, 82 — BayburtSoğanlı, 83 — GiresunTamdere, 84 — ArtvinSavsat, 85 — ArdahanHanak, 86 — ArdahanCıldır, 87 — LesserCaucasus, 88 — ArmeniaSyunik, 89 — GeorgiaMestia, 90 — GeorgiaKitochi.

FIGURES 91 – 104. Male titillator (scale: 2.5 mm). 91 — RizeOvit-A, 92 — RizeCimil-A, 93 — RizeElevit, 94 — RizeOvit-B, 95 — RizeCimil-B, 96 — BayburtSoğanlı, 97 — GiresunTamdere, 98 — ArtvinSavsat, 99 — ArdahanHanak, 100 — ArdahanCıldır, 101 — LesserCaucasus, 102 — ArmeniaSyunik, 103 — GeorgiaMestia, 104 — GeorgiaKitochi.

FIGURES 105 – 118. Ovipositor (scale: 10 mm). 105 — RizeOvit-A, 106 — RizeCimil-A, 107 — RizeElevit, 108 — RizeOvit-B, 109 — RizeCimil-B, 110 — BayburtSoğanlı, 111 — GiresunTamdere, 112 — ArtvinSavsat, 113 — ArdahanHanak, 114 — ArdahanCıldır, 115 — LesserCaucasus, 116 — ArmeniaSyunik, 117 — GeorgiaMestia, 118 — GeorgiaKitochi.

FIGURES 119 – 132. Female subgenital plate (scale: 2.5 mm). 119 — RizeOvit-A, 120 — RizeCimil-A, 121 — RizeElevit, 122 — RizeOvit-B, 123 — RizeCimil-B, 124 — BayburtSoğanlı, 125 — GiresunTamdere, 126 — ArtvinSavsat, 127 — ArdahanHanak, 128 — ArdahanCıldır, 129 — LesserCaucasus, 130 — ArmeniaSyunik, 131 — GeorgiaMestia, 132 — GeorgiaKitochi.

FIGURES 144 – 146. Song diagrams per populations (A—a phrase series, B—elements in a phrase) 144 — RizeOvit-A, 145 — RizeCimil-A, 146 — RizeElevit.