Pseudotraulia cornuata Laosinchai & Jago, 1980

Storozhenko, Sergey Yu., Mao, Benyong, Dawwrueng, Pattarawich, Taekul, Charuwat, Willemse, Luc & Huang, Jianhua, 2022, Revision of the genera Pseudotraulia Laosinchai & Jago, 1980 and Bannacris Zheng, 1980 (Orthoptera: Acrididae) with proposal of new synonyms, European Journal of Taxonomy 846, pp. 42-54 : 45-50

Pseudotraulia cornuata Laosinchai & Jago, 1980

Figs 1–4

Pseudotraulia cornuata Laosinchai & Jago, 1980: 7 , figs 1–11 (holotype, ♂, Thailand: Nan Province, experimental station near Nan town; in the Department of Agriculture, Bangken, Bangkok, Thailand).

Bannacris punctonotus Zheng, 1980: 340 , 348, figs 21–28 (holotype, ♀, China: Yunnan, Mengla; deposited in the Department of Biology, Shaanxi Normal University, China). Syn. nov.

Bannacris punctonotus – Zheng 1985: 180, figs 884–893 (description of ♂). — Zheng 1993: 105, figs 340–342. — Otte 1995: 276. — Yin et al. 1996: 90. — Li et al. 2006: 212, figs 110, 113. — Mao et al. 2011: 91.

Material examined

Holotype THAILAND • ♂; lot. 3608, Exp. Stn. Nan ; 30–31 Jul. 1972; A. Lewvanich leg.; DAB.

Paratype THAILAND • 1 ♀; Fang , Chiangmai ; 11 Oct. 1975; S. Mongkoltiti leg.; DAB .

Other material

CHINA • 1 ♀, holotype of Bannacris punctonotus ; Yunnan, Mengla ; 10 Aug. 1974; Zhemin Zheng leg.; SNU • 1 ♀; Yunnan, Mengla, Menglun ; 28 Aug. 1989; Enbo Ma leg.; SNU • 1 ♀; Yunnan, Menglun, Kongmingshan ; 9 Aug. 1990; Enbo Ma leg.; SNU • 1 ♀; Yunnan, Menglun ; 31 Aug. 1989; Yuan Huang leg.; SNU • 1 ♀; Yunnan, Menglun, Kongmingshan ; 18 Sept. 1990; Guofang Jiang leg.; SNU • 1 ♀; Yunnan, Mengla, Huigang Village ; 29 Jul. 2013; Jianhua Huang leg.; CSUFT • 2 ♀♀; Yunnan, Mengla, Yaoqu Twoship ; 30 Jul. 2013; Jianhua Huang leg.; CSUFT • 2 ♀♀; Yunnan, Jinghong, Yexianggu, Guanping Six Team ; 30 Jul. 2013; Jianhua Huang leg.; CSUFT • 1 ♂; Yunnan, Jinghong, Jinuo ; 17 Aug. 1989; Yao Niu leg.; SNU • 1 ♂; Yunnan, Jinghong, Yexianggu ; 4 Aug. 2006; alt. 650 m; Benyong Mao leg.; DU .

THAILAND • 1 ♀; Chiang Rai Province; 17 Aug. 2018; Pattarawich Dawwrueng leg.; DEFA • 1♀; Nan Province; 25 Aug. 2020; Pattarawich Dawwrueng leg.; DEFA .

Description

MEASUREMENTS (mm). Length of body: ♂: 18.0–22.2, ♀: 22.0–24.6; length of antennae: ♂: 14.5–14.8, ♀: 12.8–13.1; length of pronotum: ♂: 3.8–4.5, ♀: 4.9–6.3; length of tegmen: ♂: 13.5–15.0, ♀: 16.0– 17.5; length of hind femur: ♂: 10.0–11.6, ♀: 13.0–14.0.

Male

BODY. Medium-sized for Coptacrinae .

HEAD. Densely and coarsely punctured or rugose except yellow patch of genae below eyes and black area behind eyes which are smooth and shining; dorsum with or without fine longitudinal sulcus overall length. Face slightly posteriorly oblique in profile view, with oval tubercle below each antennal socket and nearly rectangularly curved sulcus below tubercle; lateral facial keels distinct and nearly straight; frontal ridge straight in lateral view, partially shallowly sulcate below median ocellus or depressed only around median ocellus, lateral sides broadened in arc between antennal sockets and nearly parallel elsewhere or slightly constricted below median ocellus. Clypeus transverse rectangular, broadly longitudinally depressed at anterior ⅔ near both sides, with lateral margins bisinuate. Labrum subsquare with broad deep W-shaped sulcus, anterolateral angles broadly rounded, and anterior margin broadly concave at middle portion. Eyes large and oval, with longitudinal diameter 1.28–1.35 × of transversal diameter and 2.22–2.27 × of subocular sulcus; lower margin of eyes distinctly below median ocellus. Vertex short, roundly connected with frontal ridge; fastigium slightly depressed and rhombic in dorsal view; interocular distance narrower than width of the frontal ridge between antennal sockets and about 0.60–0.65 × of latter. Antennae filiform and slender, reaching basal third of hind femur, with median segments 3.10–3.18 × as long as broad.

THORAX. Pronotum cylindrical; lateral margins nearly parallel at prozona and little broadened at metazona; dorsum covered densely with coarse punctures and rugosity; median carina distinct and lateral carina absent; three transverse sulci distinct and all interrupting median carina, and prozona about 1.50–1.70 × of metazona. Prosternal process conical, with apex bluntly pointed. Lateral lobes of mesosternum pentagonal, with maximum width about 1.16–1.19 × of length; mesosternal interspace narrow, about 1.17–1.22 × as long as its minimum width. Lateral lobes of metasternum distinctly separated.

WINGS. Tegmina fully developed, reaching or hardly surpassing apex of hind femora, about 5.20–5.58 × as long as broad; medial area broad, as broad as costal area, and broader than subcostal and cubital areas; all areas with intercalary veins; hind wing as long as tegmina.

LEGS. Hind femora moderately robust, about 3.96–4.08 × as long as broad, with upper median carinae extremely weakly serrated and dentate apically ( Fig. 2K ); both inner and outer lower genicular lobes sharply angulate. Hind tibiae with 8 spines each at inner and outer margins; external apical spine absent; hind tarsi with large arolium exceeding ½ of claws. Tympanum developed, with oval aperture. Tergite of 10 th abdominal segment split in middle, with pair of small furculae. Supra-anal plate long pentagonal, mid part longitudinally convex and sulcate overall length, with sulcus broad and deep at basal half and narrow and shallow at apical half; lateral margins sinuate, with basal ⅔ roundly convex and tapered at apical third; posterior margin blunt-angularly protruding.

GENITALIA. Cerci elongate and conical, with apex curved downwards in lateral view, and short tooth at inner side near apex in dorsal view. Subgenital plate elongate conical, apex distinctly constricted and little pointed. Epiphallus bridge-shaped, not divided into two symmetrical halves; bridge narrow, lophi large, nearly square, and vertically projecting upwards; ancorae large and elongate, curved to ventral and inner sides; anterior projections indistinct and lateral plates concave in middle portion; phallic complex with valves of cingulum longer than apical valves of penis in lateral view and fused apically, and apical valves of penis invisible in dorsal view; cingular apodeme and zygoma very narrow; ectophallus bearing at ventral surface additional pair of cystiform sclerites.

COLOR. Mostly black, with four broad longitudinal strips of bright yellow color, one pair extending from dorsum of head inside eyes through lateral sides of pronotum to cubital area of tegmina ( Fig. 1A ), and another pair extending from genae below eyes to anterior half of mesopleurite ( Fig. 1B ). Mandibles black apically and yellow basally; labrum with central and posterolateral areas yellowish brown and remaining portion dark brown ( Fig. 1C ), or completely dark brown ( Fig. 3F ); clypeus and frons mostly yellow but black at frontal ridge above median ocellus and at both sides of frontal ridge below median ocellus ( Fig. 1C ), or in some individuals mostly black with frontal ridge yellow below median ocellus ( Fig. 3F ); tubercles below eyes black; fastigium brown or yellow. Antennae yellow at basal third and apical four or five segments and other antennomeres black. Prosternum and prosternal process black, meso- and metaepisternum each with yellow large maculation ( Figs 1B , 3B, 3D ); meso- and metasterna mostly yellow brown with some black irregular patches, escpecially at middle of meso- and metasternum as well as middle of metasternal interspace and first abdominal ventrite ( Fig. 3H ); inner margins of lateral lobes of mesosternum black. Hind wings infumated at the anterior and external margin and remaining part pale blue. Fore and middle legs yellow; hind femur yellow at upper and outer surfaces with three large black transverse bands which converge together at lower part of outer surface, basal 4 /5 of ventral surface and basal 3 /5 of inner surface red, apical 1 /5 of both lower and inner surfaces yellow, and 4 /5 of inner surface black; knee black. Hind tibiae black with broad yellow ring near base. Hind tarsi yellow but black at dorsal sides. Abdomen mostly yellow, with dorsal black area tapering posteriorly ( Fig. 3I ), and round black spot at each sternite ( Figs 1C , 3E ). 10 th abdominal tergite and supra-anal plate black, cerci mostly black with apices yellow, subgenital plate black at basal half and yellow at apical half.

Female

Similar to male in body shape and coloration. Eyes with longitudinal diameter 1. 39–1.43 × of transversal diameter and 1.82–1.90 × of subocular sulcus. Interocular distance about 0.71–0.75 × of width of frontal ridge between the antennal sockets. Antennae reaching basal forth of hind femur, with median segments 3.65–3.68 × as long as broad. Pronotum with only posterior transverse sulcus interrupting median carina, and prozona about 1.34–1.50 × of metazona. Lateral lobes of mesosternum with maximum width about 1.35–1.38 × of length. Mesosternal interspace about 1.17 × as long as its minimum width. Tegmina about 5.09–5.13 × as long as broad. Hind femora about 3. 69 × as long as broad. Supra-anal plate triangular, with broad and shallow longitudinal sulcus at basal half and U-shaped carina at the middle. Subgenital plate broad at middle portion and posterior margin protruding triangularly. Ovipositor valves robust, apex hook-like and pointed; dorsal valves armed with few large blunt teeth at external edge of dorsal side. Body color similar to male but with little variation in some individuals ( Fig. 2E–2J ). Abdomen mostly black to blackish brown with some yellowish patches at lateral sides of tergites ( Fig. 2M ) and around lateral and posterior margins of 5 th to 7 th ventrites ( Fig. 2N ).

Distribution

This species is known from North (Chiang Mai, Nan), East (Khao Yai National Park) and West (Dawna Hill) Thailand ( Laosinchai & Jago 1980), and from Yunnan Province of China.

Remarks

According to the original description and after a careful comparison of the types and additional materials of the two species, no distinct difference is found between them and they should be conspecific. Because Pseudotraulia cornuata was published earlier and has the priority, Bannacris punctonotus is herein considered as a junior synonym of the former.

Figures

Fig. 1. Pseudotraulia cornuata Laosinchai & Jago, 1980. A–E. Holotype (DAB), ♂. A–C. Habitus in dorsal, lateral and ventral views. D. Abdominal apex, lateral view. E. Labels. F–J. Paratype (DAB), ♀. F–H. Habitus in dorsal, lateral and ventral views. I. Abdominal apex, ventral view. J. Labels. K. Living ♀ from Chiang Rai Province, Northern Thailand. L. Living ♀ from Nan Province, Northern Thailand.

Fig. 2. ♀♀ of Bannacris punctonotus Zheng, 1980 syn. nov. (= Pseudotraulia cornuata Laosinchai & Jago, 1980). A–D. Holotype (SNU), ♀. A–B. Habitus in dorsal and lateral views. C. Inner side of hind leg. D. Labels of the holotype (SNU), ♀. E–N. Closeup of additional materials. E, G–H. Head in frontal view. F. Head and thorax in lateral view. I–J. Meso- and metasterna. K. Outer side of hind femur. L–N. Abdomen in dorsal, lateral and ventral views.

Fig. 3. Bannacris punctonotus Zheng, 1980 syn. nov. (= Pseudotraulia cornuata Laosinchai & Jago, 1980). A–B. ♂ (SNU) from Yunnan, Jinghong, Jinuo, habitus in dorsal and lateral views. C–J. ♂ (DU) from Yunnan, Jinghong, Yexianggu. C–E. Habitus of in dorsal, lateral and ventral views. F. Head in frontal view.G. Head and thorax in lateral view.H. Meso- and metasterna in ventral view.I–J. Abdomen in dorsal and lateral views.

Fig. 4.♂ (DU) ofBannacris punctonotus Zheng, 1980 syn. nov. (= Pseudotraulia cornuataLaosinchai & Jago, 1980). A–B. Abdominal apex in dorsal and lateral views. C–G. Epiphallus in dorsal, dorsofrontal, frontal, dorsolateral and lateral views. H–J. Phallic complex in dorsal, lateral and ventral views.