Pseudosympycnus maroaga, Soares & Capellari, 2020

Soares, Matheus M. M. & Capellari, Renato S., 2020, Review of the Neotropical genus Pseudosympycnus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) with description of six new species from Brazil and Peru, Zootaxa 4881 (2), pp. 231-256 : 244-245

Pseudosympycnus maroaga sp. nov.

( Figs 6 , 28, 29 , 53, 54 , 85 , 86 )

Diagnosis (male). Metepimeron brown ( Fig. 6 ). Femora mostly yellow, apical 1/5 of femur III brown ( Fig. 6 ). Tibia I not compressed. Tarsus I ( Fig. 53 ) mostly brown, but apical 2/3 of It 3 and It 4–5 white: It 2 with 1 sinuous dorsal bristle at apex, longer than segment. Tarsus II unmodified. Tarsus III ( Fig. 54 ) without row of long setae, IIIt 4 with 2–3 short dorsal setae at apex.

Description. Male ( Fig. 6 ). Body length [holotype]: 2.3 mm. Wing length: 2.6 mm, width: 0.75 mm. Head ( Figs 28–29 ). Vertex excavated near ocellar triangle. Face dark yellow, covered by dense silvery pruinosity, converging at middle. Frons dark metallic green, with bluish and violet reflections, covered by weak pruinosity. Occiput dark metallic green. Palpus thin, ovoid, 2 times longer than wide, 1/2 as long as head height, whitish to hyaline. Proboscis brown. Vertical setae as long as ocellars, ocellar setae divergent, two pairs of postocellar very small. Antenna pale brown, except postpedicel dark brown. Arista-like stylus longer than in other species, 1.5 times longer than head height, pubescence stronger on apical third. Thorax. Similar to P. araza sp. nov., mesonotum and scutellum mostly metallic green, mesonotum with bluish reflections; pleura dark brown, with some green to bluish reflections and little pruinosity; metepimeron brown. Lower surface of proepisternum with 1 conspicuous brown seta and 3 pale hairs. Scutellum with few short scattered short hairs. Legs. Coxae II and III, apical 1/5 of femur III, It 1–2 and basal 1/3 of It 3, tarsus II, tibia III and tarsus brown; apical 2/3 of It 3 and all of It 4–5 white; legs otherwise yellow. Leg I. Podomere ratios: 17, 17, 10, 2, 3, 1, 2. Anterior surface of coxa I covered by short brownish pale setae, with fringe of longer black setae on anterior apical edge. Femur I with short vestiture of black setae, posterior surface mostly bare, with row of long ventral setae decreasing in size towards apex, 2 basalmost twice diameter of femur at greatest width (MSSC). It 2 with 1 sinuous dorsal bristle at apex, longer than segment (MSSC) ( Fig. 53 ). Leg II. Podomere ratios: 20, 24, 15, 5, 5, 3, 2. Coxa II with row of short pale setae on outer margin of anterior surface, ending in 1 much longer black seta near middle, with fringe of long black setae on anterior apical edge. Femur II covered with short vestiture of black setae, except basal part of posterior surface and entire ventral surface, with row of pale and much shorter ventral setae; with 1 anteroventral and 1 posteroventral conspicuous subapical black setae. Tibia II with pairs of anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae at 1/7 and 3/7, with 1 anterodorsal seta at 5/7, with 1 anterior seta at 6/7, with group of 1 posterodorsal, 1 dorsal, 1 anterodorsal, 1 anteroventral and 1 posteroventral apical setae (dorsal one shorter). Leg III. Podomere ratios: 20, 27, 4, 8, 5, 3, 2. Coxa III with 1 long seta, as long as coxa at basal 1/3 and 1 smaller near apex. Femur III with short vestiture, except posterior surface mostly bare; with 1 long anterior seta, as long as diameter of femur; 1 short anteroventral and posteroventral seta near apex. Tibia III with scattered setae on dorsal and ventral surface, 3 more conspicuous anterior setae at 1/8, 4/8, 6/8; 1 anterodorsal, 1 anteroventral and 1 posteroventral apical seta. IIIt 4 with 2–3 short, slender dorsal setae at apex ( Fig. 54 ). Wing. As in P. araza sp. nov. (see above). Abdomen ( Fig. 6 ). Mostly dark brown, with greenish reflections, tergite 1 entirely dark brown, tergites 2–4 laterally yellow. Sternites 2 and 3 yellowish. Hypopygium. Not dissected, capsule, surstylus and cercus brown.

Female. Unknown.

Type material. HOLOTYPE Ƌ, labelled: “ Brasil, AM [ Amazonas ], Pres.[ Presidente ] / Figueiredo, Iracema Falls / 01º59′12″S – 60º03′40″W ” “ J. Cumming, S. Cumming / J.A. Rafael & D.W. / Marques, Sweeping” “ HOLO-TYPE / Pseudosympycnus maroaga / Soares & Capellari” [red label] ( INPA) . Holotype in good condition, left wing damaged, terminalia not dissected.

Etymology. Named after the Maroaga Cave in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, close to the type locality. “Maroaga” is how were called the shamans of the Waimiri-Atroari folk, one of the indigenous people from Northern Brazil. Treated as a noun in apposition.

Remarks. Pseudosympycnus maroaga sp. nov. is similar to P. bickeli sp. nov. and P. sehnali sp. nov., on the basis of the brown apex of femur III and tarsus III without conspicuous row of setae (only setae on apex of IIIt 3 or IIIt 3–4 with short setae). Nevertheless P. maroaga sp. nov. has longer arista-like stylus, somewhat translucent palpus, and tarsus I white from apical 2/3 of It 3 (brown in the other two species).

Distribution. Brazil (State of Amazonas) ( Fig. 86 ).

Figures

FIGURE 86. Known geographic distribution of species of Pseudosympycnus Robinson.

FIGURES 1–6. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Habitus. 1. P. albipalpus (Parent, 1930), syntype Ƌ (photo: Günther Wöss); 2. P. araza sp. nov., holotype Ƌ; 3. P. bickeli sp. nov., holotype Ƌ; 4. P. latipes (Parent, 1930), syntype Ƌ (photo: Günther Wöss); 5. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ; 6. P. maroaga sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURES 16–29. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Head. 16–17. P. albipalpus (Parent, 1930), identified specimen from State of Amapá, Brazil, 16. Anterior view. 17. Lateral view; 18–20. P. araza sp. nov. 18–19. Paratype Ƌ. 18. Anterior view. 19. Lateral view. 20. Possible ♀ (see text), anterior view; 21–23. P. bickeli sp. nov. 21–22. Holotype Ƌ. 21. Anterior view. 22. Lateral view. 23. Paratype ♀, anterior view; 24–25. P. latipes (Parent, 1930), identified specimen from State of Acre, Brazil. 24. Anterior view. 25. Lateral view; 26–27. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ. 26. Anterior view. 27. Lateral view; 28–29. P. maroaga sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. 28. Anterior view. 29. Lateral view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 42–54. Pseudosympycnus Robinson. Male tarsus I, II and III. 42–43. P. albipalpus (Parent, 1930), identified specimen from State of Amapá, Brazil. 42. Tarsus I. 43. Tarsus III; 44–46. P. araza sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. 44. Tarsus I. 45. Tarsus II. 46. Tarsus III; 47–48. P. bickeli sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. 47. Tarsus I. 48. Tarsus III; 49–50. P. latipes (Parent, 1930), identified specimen from State of Acre, Brazil. 49. Tarsus I. 50. Tarsus III; 51–52. P. latitibia sp. nov., paratype Ƌ. 51. Tarsus I. 52. Tarsus III; 53–54. P. maroaga sp. nov., holotype Ƌ. 53. Tarsus I. 54. Tarsus III. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.

FIGURES 82–85. Collection localities and habitats of Pseudosympycnus species. 82. Type-locality of P. araza sp. nov. (Araza river, Cusco, Peru. Photograph: J.A. Rafael, 2012); 83. Type-locality of P. bickeli sp. nov. (unnamed waterfall, Serra da Mocidade, Roraima, Brazil. Photograph: F.F. Xavier F., 2016); 84. Type-locality of P. sehnali sp. nov. (Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Photo: M.M.M. Soares, 2018); 85. Type-locality of P. maroaga sp. nov. (Iracema Falls, Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas, Brazil. Photograph: M.M.M. Soares, 2018).