Pseudoporpoloma pes-caprae (Fr.) Vizzini & Consiglio, 2016

Vizzini, Alfredo, Consiglio, Giovanni, Ercole, Enrico & Setti, Ledo, 2016, Pseudoporpoloma, a new genus for Agaricus pes-caprae (Agaricales, Tricholomataceae), Phytotaxa 243 (3), pp. 271-280 : 274-276

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.243.3.5
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EE8793-4856-FFDA-FF2E-FD3FD46DFF35
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Pseudoporpoloma pes-caprae (Fr.) Vizzini & Consiglio
status	comb. nov.

Treatment

Pseudoporpoloma pes-caprae (Fr.) Vizzini & Consiglio View in CoL , comb. nov. Figs. 2–3 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3

Mycobank MB 815367

≡ Agaricus pes-caprae Fr., Epicr. syst. mycol. (Upsaliae): 45 (1836)

≡ Tricholoma pes-caprae (Fr.) Quél., Mém. Soc. Émul. Montbéliard, Sér. View in CoL 2 5: 328 (1872)

≡ Gyrophila pes-caprae (Fr.) Quél., Enchir. View in CoL fung. (Paris): 16 (1886)

≡ Gyrophila aggregata View in CoL f. pes-caprae (Fr.) Quél., Compt. Rend. Assoc. Franç. Avancem. Sci. View in CoL 18(2): 508 (1890) ≡ Agaricus pes-caprae var. multiformis (Schaeff.) Cooke, Handb. Brit. Fungi, 2nd Edn: 365 (1891)

≡ Tricholoma pes-caprae var. multiforme (Schaeff.) Massee, Brit. Fung. View in CoL -Fl. (London) 3: 211 (1893)

≡ Porpoloma pes-caprae (Fr.) Singer, Sydowia View in CoL 6(1-4): 198 (1952)

≡ Porpoloma pes-caprae var. multiforme (Schaeff.) Bon, Docums Mycol. 20(79): 61 (1990)

= Agaricus multiformis Schaeff., Fung. bavar. palat. nasc. (Ratisbonae) 4: 9 (1774)

Selected descriptions: — Kühner (1951: 25); Ricek (1971: 57–59); Bon (1978: 30–32); Moser (1978: 13–15); Lavorato (1988: 220–224).

Selected iconography: — Engel H. & Engel M. (1977: Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ); Lavorato (1988: 223); Furlani (1990: 46); Bon (1991: Plate 3D); Courtecuisse & Duhem (2011: Plate 465); Ludwig (2012b: t. 642, 117.3).

Macroscopic characters: Pileus 2.0– 8.5 cm broad, at first broadly conical to bell-shaped, then conico-convex to plano-convex, retaining an acute to blunt Inocybe -like prominent umbo, margin inflexed then expanded, undulate, lobed, often splitting with age; surface dry, not hygrophanous, radially fibrillose, greyish-brown to yellowish-ochre, darker at the centre and paler at the margin. Lamellae L= 45–60, l = 1–4, moderately crowded to subdistant, emarginateadnate to almost free, ventricose, intervenose, at first white, then pale grey to cream, with a concolorous, entire edge. Stipe 3–8 × 0.4–1.2 cm, cylindrical with a tapering base, solid then stuffed, longitudinally minutely fibrillose, white, sometimes yellowing towards the base, with a faint, whitish cobweb-like ring-zone in young basidiomes. Context whitish. Smell and taste farinaceous. Spore print white.

Microscopic characters: Basidiospores [64, 2, 2] (6.06) 6.64 – 7.87 (9.03) × (4.89) 4.96 – 5.79 (6.93) μm, Q = (1.17) 1.24–1.46 (1.60), Q m = 1.35±1.113, V = (84.5) 85.6–137.3 (227.1) μm 3, V m = 111.5±25.9 μm 3, subglobose to ellipsoid, sometimes subcylindric, often ovoid in front view, slightly amygdaliform in side view, hyaline in L4, smooth, thin-walled, walls strongly amyloid, cyanophobic, usually with a large central oil drop, hilar appendix rather long and prominent, 0.8–1.0 μm long. Basidia 28–32 × 7.5–9 μm, clavate, usually tetraspored (rare bisporic basidia observed), sterigmata up to 5 μm long. Hymenophoral trama regular to subregular, made up of hyphae up to 14 μm wide, hyaline even in L4. Cheilocystidia 20–30 × 7–8.5 μm, rare, often basidia-like, thin-walled, versiform, flexuous, lobed. Pleurocystidia not observed. Pileipellis suprapellis a cutis of subparallel, variously interwoven hyphae, 3–6 μm wide, cylindrical, with smooth, undifferentiated to slightly enlarged, claviform terminal elements, up to 10 μm wide; pigment intracellular, light brown; subpellis consisting of hyphae which gradually increase their volume towards the trama, up to 10(20) μm wide, subisodiametric to largely elliptic (pseudoparenchymatic subpellis); trama hyphae cylindrical, up to 20 μm wide. Clamp-connections present throughout. Thromboplerous hyphae present in the trama. Hyphal system monomitic.

Collections examined: — FRANCE, Franche-Comté: Doubs, Commune de Chapelle-des-Bois, Chalet Griffon , calcareous grassland. 1270 m a.s.l., 27 August 2008, C. Frund, CF-PORP27080802 ( CF!) . ITALY, Piedmont: Frabosa Sottana ( CN), Prato Nevoso , calcareous grassland, 1740 m a.s.l., 02 September 2015, N. Oppicelli, TO-AV20915 (TO!) ; Trentino Alto Adige: Sella Valsugana, Trento , 848 m a.s.l., 26 September 1986, A. Riva, LUG16030 About LUG ( LUG!) SWITZERLAND, Canton of Ticino: Chironico (Gribbio), 19 August 1981, 790 m a.s.l., A. Riva, LUG3856 About LUG ( LUG!) ; ibidem, 20 August 1981, A. Riva, LUG16029 About LUG ( LUG!) ; Olivone ( Ai Pini ), 902 m a.s.l., 26 August 1994, C. Spinelli, LUG7974 About LUG ( LUG!) ; Campra, Valle di Blenio, 1500 m a.s.l., 29 September 2004, A. Riva, LUG16031 About LUG ( LUG!). Canton of Grisons: Klosters , 1179 m a.s.l., 17 September 1983, A. Nyffenegger, LUG3483 About LUG ( LUG!) .

Ecology & distribution: — terrestrial, gregarious, usually in dry and unfertilized, nutrient-poor grasslands, probably saprotrophic, fruiting in late summer to autumn. It is very rare but widespread in Europe (e.g. Kühner 1951; Ricek 1971; Bon 1978, 1991; Moser 1978; Lavorato 1988; Furlani 1990; Breitenbach & Kränzlin 1991; Moser & Jülich 1993; Arnolds & Noordeloos 1999; Karadelev et al. 2008; Ludwig 2012a; Vesterholt 2012). The species is included as endangered in red list of countries like Germany (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Mykologie 1992), Austria ( Krisai-Greilhuber 1999), Switzerland ( Senn-Irlet et al. 2007), Poland ( Wojewoda & Ławrynowicz 2006; Kepel et al. 2012) and Sweden (Gärderfors et al. 2015).