Pseudofusus rostratoides, Harzhauser & Landau & Vermeij, 2024

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard M. & Vermeij, Geerat J., 2024, The Dolicholatiridae and Fasciolariidae (Gastropoda, Buccinoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea, Zootaxa 5470 (1), pp. 1-92 : 54-56

Pseudofusus rostratoides nov. sp.

Figs 2N , 22A–D

Fusus rostratus Olivi —Hoernes 1853: 290, pl. 32, fig. 2 [non Pseudofusus rostratus ( Olivi, 1792) ] [fig. 1 = Pseudofusus austriacus (Hoernes & Auinger 1890) ].

Fusus crispus Borson —Hoernes & Auinger 1890: 251.

Fusus (Fusus) rostratus Oliv. var. crispa Borson — Sieber 1937: 145.

Pseudofusus rostratus ( Olivi, 1792) — Kovács & Vicián 2023: 235, fig. 6F [non Pseudofusus rostratus ( Olivi, 1792) ]

non Fusus (Fusus) rostratus cinctus Bellardi — Atanacković 1969: 208, pl. 11, fig. 8 [= Euthria stuetzii ( Naumann, 1852) ].

Type material. Holotype. NHMW 1864 /0001/0204, SL: 31.4 mm, MD: 15.1 mm, Gainfarn ( Austria), Figs 22C 1 – C 2 . Paratypes. NHMW 1865 /0035/0054, SL: 22.9 mm , MD: 12.6 mm, Szob ( Hungary), Figs 22A 1 –A 2 . NHMW 1864 /0001/0204, SL: 28.4 mm , MD: 14.8 mm, Gainfarn ( Austria), Figs 2N , 22B 1 –B 2 . NHMW 1864 /0001/0204, SL: 35.9 mm , MD: 15.8 mm, Gainfarn ( Austria), Figs 22D 1 –D 2 . The specimen illustrated by Hörnes (1853: pl. 32, fig. 2), from Steinebrunn ( Austria) is lost .

Type locality. Gainfarn ( Austria), Vienna Basin .

Type stratum. Silt and clay of the Baden Formation.

Age. Middle Miocene, middle Badenian (Langhian).

Etymology. Referring to the striking similarity with Pseudofusus rostratus ( Olivi, 1792) .

Diagnosis. Medium-sized moderately slender fusiform with high conical protoconch of 3.5 whorls, teleoconch whorls with wide, weakly convex subsutural ramp, strongly shouldered with keel-like spiral cord along angulation, aperture narrowly pyriform with long siphonal canal and prominent lirae within outer lip.

Description. Medium-sized moderately slender fusiform shell of up to seven teleoconch whorls; apical angle ~45°. Protoconch high conical of 3.5 whorls, diameter 950 μm, height 1200 μm. Early protoconch broad conical, last protoconch whorl very high, weakly convex, with prominent axial riblets close to transition to teleoconch. Early teleoconch whorls convex with broad, widely spaced axial ribs crossed by prominent subsutural cord and three further prominent spiral cords below. Later whorls becoming successively more shouldered with wide, weakly convex subsutural ramp and keel-like spiral cord delimiting shoulder.Axial ribs broadly rounded, weakening slightly adapically over subsutural ramp. Spiral sculpture of prominent alternating primary and secondary cords. Last whorl distinctly shouldered, attaining ~65% of total height; base rapidly constricting, strongly convex, with prominent alternating cords; weak growth lines in spiral interspaces; fasciole indistinct.Aperture moderately narrowly pyriform. Columellar callus forming realtively narrow rim, sharply delimited from base or adherent. Columella moderately excavated bearing four faint denticles, slightly angled at transition to siphonal canal. Anal canal weakly incised, accentuated by weak parietal denticle. Outer lip thickened by terminal varix with prominent lirae within. Siphonal canal long, narrow, slightly twisted or straight, shallowly notched.

Discussion. Specimens described herein as Pseudofusus rostratoides nov. sp. have been misidentified Hörnes (1853) and Kovács & Vicián (2023) as the Pliocene to Recent Mediterranean Pseudofusus rostratus ( Olivi, 1792) . That species is generally slenderer than the Paratethyan P. rostratoides , but several morphotypes of the extant species are almost indistinguishable from the Miocene specimens, including a marked angulation with a weak keel. Comparably strongly shouldered specimens were also described by Chirli & Richard (2008) from the Pliocene of the Côte d’Azur ( France). Early teleoconch whorls of the Miocene specimens have raised axial ribs crossed by very prominent spiral cords. In contrast, in typical P. rostratus the early teleoconch whorls bear weaker axial ribs and more delicate spiral cords (see Negri & Corselli 2016: fig14l–m). However, Pliocene specimens illustrated by Gardella & Tabanelli (2013: fig. 3b) as Pseudofusus rostratus cingulatus ( Foresti, 1876) have comparable spiral cords. Thus, separation based on teleoconch features alone would be difficult. Nevertheless, their protoconchs differ distinctly; P. rostratus has a paucispiral protoconch with delicate spiral cords ( Russo 2013, 2014; Negri & Corselli 2016), whereas P. rostratoides has a multispiral protoconch. A further hint that the Paratethyan species is not conspecific with the extant one is its occurrence in inner neritic deposits, whereas P. rostratus is a deep-water species ( Negri & Corselli 2016).

Pseudofusus rostratoides was identified by Hoernes & Auinger (1890) as Fusus crispus Borson, 1821 . The type of Fusus crispus , from the Pliocene of Asti ( Italy), illustrated by Bellardi (1873: pl. 9, fig. 2), differs from the Paratethyan species in its higher spire [note that Bellardi (1873) and Tabanelli (2014) treated this taxon as subjective junior synonym of Pseudofusus rostratus ( Olivi, 1792) ].

Paleoenvironment. Coastal inner neritic, shallow marine. The frequent occurrence at Gainfarn and Steinebrunn suggests seagrass environments ( Zuschin et al. 2007; own data, M.H.).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Badenian (Middle Miocene): Vienna Basin: Gainfarn, Steinebrunn ( Austria) (Hörnes 1853; hoc opus); Pannonian Basin: Letkés, Szob ( Hungary) ( Kovács & Vicián 2023; hoc opus).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Measurements for shell morphology; AA: apical angle, SL: shell length, MD: maximum diameter, LWH: last whorl height, AH: aperture height, AL: aperture length, AW: aperture width, S: siphonal canal.

FIGURE 2. Protoconchs of Paratethyan Fasciolariidae. A. Dulaiania pleurotomoides (Hoernes & Auinger 1890), holotype, NHMW 1855/0043/0041. B. Aurantilaria tarbelliana (Grateloup, 1845), NHMW 1865/0001/0210, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). C. Polygona vindobonensis (Csepreghy-Meznerics, 1956), NHMW 2023/0350/0005, Bad Vöslau (Austria). D. Eurolatirus ornatus (d’Orbigny, 1852), NHMW 1846/0037/0257, Gainfarn (Austria). E. Tarantinaea hoernesii (Seguenza, 1875), NHMW 1853/0002/0052, Bad Vöslau (Austria). F. Snyderifusus prevosti (Hörnes, 1853), NHMW 1851/0006/0003, lectotype, Vienna/ Grinzing (Austria). G. Cryptoneolatirus bellardii (Hörnes, 1854), NHMW 1865/0001/0211, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). H. Neolatirus recticauda (Fuchs in Karrer, 1877), holotype, NHMW 1883/0002/4168, Rauchstallbrunn-Graben at Baden (Austria). I. Turrilatirus moravicus (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 1866/0001/0860e, paralectotype, Niederleis (Austria). J. Angustifusus hoessii (Naumann,1852), NHMW2023/0350/0006, BadVöslau (Austria).K. Angustifususvindobonensis (Hoernes & Auinger, 1890), NHMW 2023/0338/0020, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). L. Fraudifusinus pseudocrispoides nov. sp., NHMW 1868/0001/0462, paratype, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). M. Fraudifusinus crispoides (Kittl, 1887), NHMW 2023/0350/0013, Bad Vöslau (Austria). N. Pseudofusus rostratoides nov. sp., NHMW 1864/0001/0204, paratype, Gainfarn (Austria). O. Pseudofusus balteus nov. sp., NHMW 2023/0370/0001, holotype, Letkés (Hungary). P. Pseudofusus stahlschmidti nov. sp., NHMW 1846/0037/0264, holotype, Baden (Austria). Q. Pseudolatirus bilineatus (Naumann, 1852), NHMW 2023/0338/0022, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). R. Takashius vinculum nov. sp., NHMW 2023/0348/0008, paratype, Steinebrunn (Austria). S. Takashius boettgeri (Kovács, 2022), NHMW 2023/0338/0023, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania).

FIGURE 22. Pseudofusus rostratoides nov. sp. A1–A2. NHMW 1865/0035/0054, paratype, Szob (Hungary). B1–B2. NHMW 1864/0001/0204, paratype, Gainfarn (Austria). C1–C2. NHMW 1864/0001/0204, holotype, Gainfarn (Austria). D1–D2. NHMW 1864/0001/0204, paratype, Gainfarn (Austria).