Platycheirus (Carposcalis) fenestratus ( Macquart, 1842 )

Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, Zootaxa 4959 (1), pp. 1-178 : 107

Platycheirus (Carposcalis) fenestratus ( Macquart, 1842)

Figs 161–163

Syrphus fenestratus Macquart, 1842: 163

Melanostoma fenestratum Williston, 1886: 311 *

Melanostoma (Carposcalis) fenestratum Fluke, 1945: 15 *

Carposcalis fenestratum Fluke, 1957: 10 *

Type locality and data. “ Chile ” (T, ♀, MNHNP) .

Material examined. Tarapacá: 1♂, Chijo, Iquique , 26.V.1986, Leg.S. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; Atacama: 1♀, Paipote , 15–18.X.1969, Leg. L.E. Peña ( MEUC) ; Coquimbo: 1♀, La Serena, 1.III.1970, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Los Vilos , 1.XII.1995, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; Valparaíso: 1♂, Reñaca , 2.I.1975, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Rio Blanco , 30.XI.1959, Leg. NN ( MNHNCL) ; Quilpué ( Porter 1921) ; 1♂, 3♀, La Cruz, 29.VIII.1960, Leg. Hichins ( MEUC) ; La Ligua ( Porter 1921); Metropolitana: 2♂, 3♀, Rinconada de Maipú , XI.1963, Leg. NN ( MEUC) ; Maule: 1♂, 1km N Curicó , 29.XI.1982, Leg. R.L. Brown ( CNC) ; Ñuble : 1♂, 2♀, Recinto, Pinto , 14.X.1969, Leg. G. Barria ( MEUC) ; La Araucanía: 1♀, Pichinahuel , 27.VII.1980, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, PN Contulmo, 23.I.1996, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, 1♀, Temuco , 22.VIII.1986, Leg. R. Rebolledo ( UFRO) ; Los Ríos: 1♂, Mehuín, Valdivia , 26.I.1996, Leg. M. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 2♀, Valdivia , 27.VII.1985, Leg. R. Rebolledo ( PCRR) ; Aysén: 2♀, Puyuhuapi , 12.III.1994, Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; Magallanes: 1♂, Laguna Amarga , 28.II.1969, Leg. L. Peña ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Monte Alto, Punta Arenas , 11.III.1969 Leg. L. Peña ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Agua fresca, 4.I.1970, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♂, Punta Delgada , 22.XI.1968, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Ojo bueno, 10.XI.1974, Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Ruhens 16.XII.1976, Leg. Cerda ( MNHNCL) ; 1♀, Estancia Guayrabo , 12.XI.1978, Leg. G. Cerda ( MNHNCL) .

References. Macquart, 1842: 163 (desc.); Blanchard, 1852: 413 (desc.); Philippi, 1865: 746 (desc.); Williston, 1886: 311 (cat.); Reed, 1888: 299 (cat.); Lynch Arribálzaga, 1891: 309 (cat.); Porter, 1921: 446 (cat., dist. & notes); Shannon, 1927: 23 (desc. & key); Porter, 1933: 182 (checklist); Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 133 (desc. & key); Fluke, 1945: 15 (desc. notes); Stuardo, 1946: 124 (cat.); Sack, 1941: 93 (cat.); Fluke, 1955: 42 (distr.); Fluke, 1957: 42 (cat.); Fluke, 1958: 273, figs 56 & 64 (genitalia); Etcheverry, 1963: 53 (cat.); Thompson et al., 1976: 40 (cat.); Zúñiga et al., 1986: 480 (predators of aphids); Medan & D’Ambrogio, 1998: 200 (plant biology); Medan & Arce, 1999: 289 (plant biology); González & Coscarón, 2005: 347 (distr.); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2005: 245 (pollinator study); López-García & Maza, 2013: 238 (cat.); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2014: 6 (ecological study, supplementary material); Montoya, 2016: 462 (cat.); Smith-Ramírez et al., 2016: 4 (pollinator study).

World distribution. Colombia, Brazil, Mexico, Peru, and Chile.

Chilean distribution. From Tarapacá to Magallanes region ( Fig. 164 ).

Altitudinal range. From coastal to highland ecosystems (5– 3,750 m.a.s.l.).

Biology and notes. Platycheirus fenestratus is, together with P. chalconotus , common in several habitats along Chile. Platycheirus fenestratus occurs in native shrublands, croplands and forests ( Medan & D’ambrogio 1998; Medan & Arce 1999; Contreras 2012; Smith-Ramírez et al. 2005, 2016). Larvae are considered important in the biological control of Sternorrhyncha (Thompson et al., 2010, López-García & Maza 2013). Adults have been recorded visiting flowers of Aristolochia chilensis ( Porter, 1921) ; native blueberry Aristotelia chilensis (Molina) Stuntz ( Contreras, 2012) ; T. quinquenervia ( Medan & D’Ambrogio, 1998; Medan & Arce 1999); Embothrium coccineum J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. ( Contreras, 2012) ; E. cordifolia Cav. ( Smith-Ramírez et al. 2005, 2016); M. domestica (Vanessa Durán & Rodrigo Barahona-Segovia, pers. obs.) and Ugni molinae Tucrsz ( Neira et al. 2003) . Platycheirus fenestratus is also one of the most common species visiting urban trees as well as exotic flowers in private gardens and parks (R. Barahona-Segovia et al. unpublished data).

Conservation status. LC; EOO = 952,271 km 2; AOO = 100 km 2, 23 subpopulations and 24 localities.

Figures

FIGURE 164. Distribution map of Platycheirus species in Chile: Platycheirus (Carposcalis) chalconotus (Philippi, 1865) (blue circles); Platycheirus (Carposcalis) fenestratus (Macquart, 1842) (red circles); Platycheirus (Carposcalis) punctulatum (Wulp, 1888) (black circles); Platycheirus (Carposcalis) lundbladi (Enderlain, 1940) (green circles) and Paragus angustistylus Vockeroth, 1968 (yellow triangle).

FIGURES 158–163. Platycheirus (Carposcalis) chalconotus (Philippi, 1865): (158) female in Amsinckia calycina (Moris) Chater (photo by Matías Cortés); (159) male extending the proboscis (photo by Gabriela Germain); (160) male resting (photo by Diego Gutiérrez). Platycheirus (Carposcalis) fenestratus (Macquart, 1842): (161) female, dorsal habitus (photo: Patricia Henríquez), scale bar = 1 mm; (162) female resting (photo by Matías Cortés) and (163) male resting (Photo by Gabriela Germain).