Pizacris carioca Desutter-Grandcolas & Souza-Dias

Souza-Dias, Pedro G. B., Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Pereira, Marcelo Ribeiro, 2015, Pizacris: a new genus and two new species of Luzarinae cricket close to Guabamima de Mello, 1992 and Mellopsis Mews & Sperber, 2010 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Luzarinae), Zootaxa 3956 (3), pp. 374-388 : 385-386

Pizacris carioca Desutter-Grandcolas & Souza-Dias n. sp.

Figures 4 , 5 .

Type locality. Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro municipality, Parque Nacional da Tijuca (Tijuca National Park).

Type material (dry pinned specimens): Holotype male: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro municipality, Tijuca National Park, 500 to 1000m altitude, E-R Wagner, 1902 (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3813)— originally labeled [Museum Paris, Montagnes des Orgues (prov. de Rio de Janeiro). Environs de la Tijuca. 500 a 1000m altitude. E-R Wagner, 1902]. Allotype: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro municipality, Tijuca National Park, Sumaré Hill, march 1963, M. Alvarenga, coll. ( UMMZ)—originally labeled [ Brazil, Guanabara, Sumaré, march 1963, M. Alvarenga, coll.]. Paratype male: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro municipality, Tijuca National Park, Corcovado, 18.ix.1961, M. Alvarenga, coll. ( UMMZ)—originally labeled [ Brazil, Guanabara, Corcovado, 18.ix.1961, M. Alvarenga, coll.].—originally labeled. Paratype female: same data as the allotype (MNHN-EO-ENSIF3814).

Note: “Montagnes des Orgues” (as cited in the original label) probably refers to “Serra dos Órgãos”, a mountain range located near of the city of Rio de Janeiro (ca. 100 km). “Tijuca” (as cited in the original label), however, is a large urban forest and now a National Park, located in a different mountainous region, which encompasses the Tijuca Massif, in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The previous information written in the label, the locality “Montagnes des Orgues”, is probably mistaken since all the remaining specimens were found in the same place, the municipality of Rio de Janeiro—the places “Corcovado”, “Tijuca”, and “Sumaré” belong to the Tijuca National Park.

Etymology. In the tupi native language, kara’iwa or kari’ means “white man” and oka means house—carioca literally means “house of the white man”. This term was used by the natives to refer to the city of Rio de Janeiro in the XVI century. Carioca is also a term now used to refer to people who are born in the city of Rio de Janeiro.

Diagnosis. Morphology and coloration very similar to P. zefai n. comb., differing from it in the auditory tympanum, maxillary palpi, size and shape of male FWs, and genitalia. In P. c a r i o c a Desutter-Grandcolas & Souza-Dias, n. sp., the tympanum is present on both sides of TI, the internal one rounded and the external very small; the joint 4 of maxillary palpi is longer than joint 3 ( Fig. 4 A); male FWs are reduced to a very small scale, not reaching first tergite. Male genitalia: pseudepiphallic arm longer than in P. zefai n. comb., reaching the apex of PsP1 and basis of PsP2; ventral projection of the pseudepiphallic arm not visible; PsP1 partly membranous, longer than in P. zefai n. comb.; PsP2 longer than wide in lateral view, and not acute; rami and ectophallic apodemes smaller than in P. zefai n. comb. Female: ovipositor longer than FIII and TIII; copulatory papilla as in Figs. 4 G–I. .

Description. In addition to the character of the genus:

Head. Occiput, vertex and fastigium dark brown, uniform; frons dark brown, with a yellowish brown maculae below antennal scape; gena dark brown with a small light brown maculae below the border of eyes. Vertex and median part of fastigium dark brown; fastigium with thick bristles on median part and separated from vertex by a yellow brown line, not a transverse furrow. Maxillary palpi: first and second joint dark brown; third longer, the proximal part medium brown to light brown towards distal part; fourth joint long, whitish; fifth joint as on Fig. 4 A.

Thorax. Pronotum dark brown, pubescent. Disk of pronotum, lateral borders and lateral lobes dark brown, uniform; cephalic margin almost straight; caudal margin slightly convex. Metanotum without glandular structures.

Legs. Tympanum present on both sides of TI, the internal one rounded, larger, and the external very small. FIII robust, with a dark stripe on outer face, in superior half, towards the distal portion, which is dark brown; TIII apical and subapical spurs as for the genus. Basitarsus III elongated, with a double file of small spines.

Abdomen. Abdomen medium brown, pubescent, with sparse medium brown and dark brown spots. Sternites dark brown; cerci medium brown. Supra anal plate small, pubescent, shield- shaped, the proximal margin concave and distal convex, without extended angles. Subgenital plate elongated, pubescent, as for the genus.

Male. Male FWs coriaceous, dark brown, reduced to a very small scale, not reaching the first abdominal tergite.

Male genitalia. Pseudepiphallic sclerite transverse, composed by a median part, visible in dorsal and ventral view ( Figs. 4 C, D, 5A, B); pseudepiphallic arm thin, ventrally-oriented and longer than in P. zefai n. comb., reaching the apex of the PsP1 and basis of PsP2 ( Figs. 4 D, 5B); ventral projection of pseudepiphallic arm not visible. PsP2 longer as wide in lateral view ( Figs. 4 E, 5C), highly sclerotized, uncovered, with apex broadly rounded ( Figs. 4 C–E, 5A–C); PsP1 partly membranous, with length proportional to PsP2 ( Figs. 4 D, 5B). Phallic vesicles visible in dorsal and ventral view, located near the the basis of pseudepiphallic arms ( Figs. 4 C, D, 5A, B). Rami and ectophallic apodemes elongated but smaller than in P. zefai n. comb. ( Figs. 4 C–E, 5A–C). Ectophallic arc located anteriorly to the median part of pseudepiphallic sclerite ( Figs. 4 C, 5A). Endophallic apodemes laterally expanded, long and robust, well developed ( Figs. 4 C, D, 5A, B).

Female. Larger than male; general appearance and coloration similar to male: body medium to dark brown, densely pilose. Female FWs reduced to a very small scale, similar to male FWs. First tergites darker than male, the distal medium brown. Sternites medium brown, pubescent. Subgenital plate short, distal margin bilobate ( Fig. 4 F). Supra anal plate similar to male. Ovipositor longer than FIII and TIII.

Female genitalia. Copulatory papilla longer than wide, apex rounded, basis slightly convex ( Figs. 4 G–I).

Measurements (mm). Males (n=2): Hw, 3.00; iod, 1.40; Lpron, 2.60 (2.50–2.70); awpron, 2.9; pwpron, 3.4– 3.5; wpron, 3.80 (3.70–3.90); LFIII, 12.65 (12.30–13.00); wFIII, 3.2; LTIII, 12.60 (11.80–13.40); LtarsI–III, 4–4.1. Females (n=2): Hw, 3.30; iod, 1.55 (1.40–1.60); Lpron, 3.05 (3.00–3.10); awpron, 3.6–3.7; pwpron, 4.1; wpron, 4.55 (4.40–4.70); LFIII, 14.50 (13.80–15.20); wFIII, 3.7–3.9; LTIII, 13.60; LtarsI–III, 3.8 (n = 1).

Habitat. Not documented for P. c a r i o c a Souza-Dias & Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. As Tijuca National Park is a protected area of Atlantic Forest, covered by dense vegetation, this species may occupy the same habitat (leaf litter of forest) as P. zefai n. comb.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Pizacris carioca Desutter-Grandcolas & Souza-Dias, n. sp. General morphology and male and female genitalia. A, lateral view of maxillary palpus; B, lateral view of male pronotum and metanotum; C – E, male genitalia in dorsal (C), ventral (D) and lateral (E) view; F, female subgenital plate; G – I, female copulatory papilla in ventral (G), dorsal (H) and lateral (I). See Abbreviations on Material and methods. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURE 5. Pizacris carioca Desutter-Grandcolas & Souza-Dias, n. sp. Male genitalia in dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) view. See Abbreviations on Material and methods.