Phrudoneura hibernalis Bickel

Bickel, Daniel J., 2013, Phrudoneura (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Australia and Melanesia, Zootaxa 3680 (1) : -

Phrudoneura hibernalis Bickel , sp. nov.

( Figs 3 a, 6d)

Type material. NEW CALEDONIA: Holotype 3, paratypes 113, 16 3, Col d’Amieu, 9.5 km from Forestry Hut, 18–19.VII.1995, rainforest creek, yellow pan traps, B.J. Sinclair (holotype, 2 3, 2 Ƥ, paratypes MNHN; paratypes also deposited CNC; BPBM, AMS).

Additional material. NEW CALEDONIA: 3 3, 3f, Province Sud, Col d'Amieu, 7.5 km NW Sarraméa; 21.585° S, 165.819° E, 300 m; 4–9.XI.2000, 7–20.XII.2000, Malaise trap, Irwin, Schlinger, Webb ( INHS); 2 3, Province Nord, Réserve Spéciale de Faune de l'Aoupinié, 21.157º S, 165.323º E, 550 m; 12–30.XI.2000, 30.XI.- 4.XII.2000, Malaise; Webb, Schlinger, & Irwin ( INHS); 3, Mandjélia, lower creek, 20º 24'S 164º31'E, 580 m, 5.I.2005, yellow pans, Monteith, #11952 ( QMB).

Description: Male ( Fig. 6 d): length: 2.3; wing: 2.5 x 1.0.

Head: head almost circular in anterior view, but slightly wider than high; dorsal postcranium flat, and slightly concave dorsally; vertex and frons dark brown with little pruinosity; postorbitals entirely black; pair converging postverticals present, positioned mediad of postorbital row; pair strong vertical and pair strong diverging ocellar setae present; male eyes distinctly separated by face and clypeus; eye facets more or less uniform; face-clypeus brown and covered with grey pruinosity; palp yellow with short black setae, without strong apical seta; proboscis yellowish; antennal scape and pedicel yellowish, and first flagellomere mostly with only base yellow; scape dorsally bare; first flagellomere enlarged subrectangular, and covered in microtrichia; arista arising dorsobasally on first flagellomere, with short hairs, and about as long as head height.

Thorax: setae black; mesonotum anteriorly yellow, but with brown cuticle along ac band, and posterior half to quarter of mesonotum with brown cuticle, just anteriad of scutellum; scutellum and subscutellum mostly dark brown; pleura pale yellow but with brown marking under wing; ac biseriate with some 10 regular pairs; 5 dc present, slightly decreasing in size anteriorly, and field of short setae on anterior slope of thorax; 1 pa, 2 sa with anterior sa much shorter than posterior, 2 sr, 2 npl, 1 hm, 1 pm present; median scutellar seta strong, lateral seta about one-fifth size of median; proepisternum with short black seta dorsally, and with stronger black ventral seta above CI.

Legs: coxae and remainder of legs almost entirely yellow except for dark brown maculation posterobasally on CII, and distal third of FIII dark brown; CI with short anterior setae and 3 longer distal setae; CII with short anterior setae and with two setae along distolateral ridge, with basal seta at 1/3 and stronger seta near ½; CIII with strong lateral seta near 1/3, and trochanter III with short lateral seta; I: 3.0/ 2.4/ 1.4; 0.7; 0.6; 0.4; 0.4; FI with short av and pv seta at 5/6, and with short subapical posterior seta; TI with ad-pd setal pair at 1/3, with ad seta stronger than pd seta, and with short ad setal serration from 1/3 to apex; II: 3.5/ 4.2/ 1.9; 1.1; 0.9; 0.6; 0.3; FII with strong anterior subapical seta, and with shorter av and pv seta at 7/8; TII with short ad-pd setal pair at 1/5, very strong ad-pd setal pairs at ¼ and ½, ventral seta at 3/8, with subapical corona of long pd, dorsal ad av, and pv seta, and with posterior row of six short erect setae spaced along length (MSSC); III: 3.6; 4.6; 0.9/ 1.7/ 1.1/ 0.6/ 0.4; FIII with strong anterior subapical seta, and with shorter av seta at 5/6; TIII with 4 strong ad-pd setal pairs at 1/5, 2/5, 2/3 (and pd setae offset), and subapically, with strong ventral seta at ½, shorter ventral at ¾, and with long apical av and pv setae; IIIt2 distinctly longer than IIIt1.

Wing: membrane hyaline; R2+3 joins costa at 5/6; R4+5 joins costa just anterior to apex; R4+5 and M diverging slightly from base; M without flexion or “bosse alaire”; M ends in membrane two-fifths distance between dm-cu crossvein and wing apex (MSSC); anal angle weak; CuAx ratio near 0.5; lower calypter yellow with fan of pale yellow setae; halter yellow with brownish club.

Abdomen: tergum 1 and the basal half of tergum 2 yellow; distal half of tergum 2 and remaining terga dark brown; sternum 8 ovate with distinctive inverted V-shaped internal carina at base, and covering left basal hypopygial foramen; hypopygium ( Fig. 3 a) mostly dark brown with pale yellow cercus; epandrium subcircular; ventral distal margin of epandrium with 3 pedunculate setae, not on raised ledge; surstylus with short arms bearing various modified setae; subepandrial sclerite subrectangular, with row of dorsal setae and toothlike apical seta; cercus digitiform and highly setose.

Female: similar to male except lacking MSSC and as noted: face and clypeus more widely separated, colour and legs setation similar; vein M joins margin just behind wing apex.

Remarks. The type series of Phrudoneura hibernalis was collected in the austral winter month of July. However this species is also known from specimens collected in the austral summer months elsewhere on New Caledonia, and it is apparently widespread on Grande Terre.

This species is close to P. adusta and has similar hypopygial morphology, in particular both species have the three distal epandrial setae projecting from the curvature of the epandrium, not on a cuticular ledge, and both have a subepandrial sclerite with a ventroapical toothlike seta. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin, and refers to this species being collected in the (austral) winter.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Phrudoneura hibernalis sp. nov.; a. hypopygium, left lateral. P. adusta sp. nov.; b. male postabdomen, left lateral. Scale line = 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 6. Phrudoneura maculata Meuffels & Grootaert; a. male habitus, left lateral; b. male habitus, left lateral (Mt Mandjélia colour variant). P. adusta sp. nov.; c. male habitus, left lateral. P. hibernalis sp. nov.; d. male habitus, left lateral.