Gabrius gabrieli, Horion, 1935

Herman, Taphylininae Iochini Aorothiini Thiini Latyprosopini Taphylinini Mblyopinina Nisolinina Yptiomina Hilonthina Lee H., 2001, Catalog of the Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera). 1758 to the End of the Second Millennium. V. Staphylinine Group (Part 2) Staphylininae: Diochini, Maorothiini, Othiini, Platyprosopini, Staphylinini (Amblyopinina, Anisolinina, Hyptiomina, Philonthina), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2001 (265), pp. 2441-3020 : 2441-3020

gabrieli Horion, 1935 , see: subopacus Hochhuth, 1851 .

gentyi Levasseur, 1969: 894 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Côte d’Ivoire, la Mé près Bingerville).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ivory Coast.

girardi Levasseur, 1969: 897 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Côte d’Ivoire, Lamto ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ivory Coast.

glabratus Kirshenblat, 1951: 543 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Primorskii krai: st. Grodekovo).

— Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 49 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia.

gracilicornis Scheerpeltz, 1974: 140 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Natal: Tugela river, 12 miles WNW Bergville).

- DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.

griveaudi Jarrige, 1978: 284 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; Type locality: Andringitra Est, Anjavidilava, 1850–1950 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

hannemanni Uhlig, 1991a: 97 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Madagaskar, Namoroka).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

helgae Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 268 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Zaire: Provinz Kivu: Territorium Uvira, 800 m).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 208 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

hergeri Uhlig, 1990: 137 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar, Massif de l’Itremo).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

hiekei Uhlig, 1995: 287 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Zimbabwe: 18 ° 17 ̍ S, 32 ° 43 ̍ E, Nyanga N. P., Rhodes Dam).

- DISTRIBUTION: Zimbabwe.

hokkaidoensis Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 24 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Hokkaido: Hokkaido Prefecture: Iburi, [Muroran city]).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

horni Bernhauer, 1922c: 231 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Kankau).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1944: 149 ( Actobius ; characters in key).

- DISTRIBUTION: Taiwan.

humeralis Cameron, 1920 , see: basalis Motschulsky, 1858 .

hummleri Bernhauer, 1944: 149 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Herzegowina, Tovarnica, Bojanatal). — Coiffait, 1965: 843 ( Erichsonius ; translation of original description; Hercegovina).

— Coiffait, 1974: 13 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; characters; Herzegowina).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Bosnia Hercegovina.

ibericus Coiffait, 1965 , see: rivularis Kiesenwetter, 1858 .

impeditus Levasseur, 1971: 295 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: monts Loma , Sierra Leone,

1600 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Leone.

infimus Horn, 1884 , see: Neobisnius .

inornatus Sharp, 1889 , see: Neobisnius .

inutilis Horn, 1884: 225 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Michigan ; New England States).

— Frank, 1975: 194 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Quebec; Ontario; Maine; New Hampshire; Massachusetts; New York; Michigan; Illinois).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 373 ( Erichsonius ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

itoi Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 39 , 92 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Honshu: Nara Prefecture: Mt. Ohdaigahara).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

japonicus Cameron, 1933a: 170 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Japan: Kobe ).

— Bernhauer, 1944: 149 ( Actobius ; characters in key).

— Watanabe, 1963: 7, 9 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Japan).

— Tikhomirova, 1973: 182 ( Erichsonius ; China; Japan).

— Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 17 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; lectotype designation; redescription; natural history; phylogenetic relationships; Japan).

— Cho, 1996a: 163 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Korea).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan, Korea, China.

jarrigei Levasseur, 1969: 890 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: région de Kolwezi, Manika, Katanga).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

jocosus Horn, 1884 , see: Neobisnius .

jocosus Tottenham, 1962: 146 ( Erichsonius ; [Note: Preoccupied as a secondary homonym]; Type locality: Tanganyika Terr.: Kilimanjaro, Marangu , 2400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

jucundus Horn, 1884 , see: Neobisnius .

kamerunensis Bernhauer, 1915 k: 300 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Kamerun: Musake ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1942c: 361 ( Actobius ; Cameroon).

— Tottenham, 1956: 265 ( Erichsonius ; comparative notes).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon.

katanganus Levasseur, 1969: 888 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Kolwezi , Katanga).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

kiboshensis Bernhauer, 1915d: 135 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Deutsch-Ostafrika: Kibosho ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1956: 265 ( Erichsonius ; comparative notes).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

kobensis Cameron, 1933a: 169 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Mayasan, Hyogo Prefecture, Honshu, Japan; [Note: See lectotype designation by Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992]. Originally cited from Japan: Kobe, Mayasan. Kyushu, Mt. Unzen ).

— Bernhauer, 1944: 148 ( Actobius ; [Note: Misinterpretation of species according to Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992]; characters in key;).

— Watanabe, 1963: 7, 8 ( Erichsonius ; [Note: Misinterpretation of species according to Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992]; characters; Japan).

— Nakane, 1963a: 90 ( Erichsonius ; characters; habitus photograph; Japan).

— Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 49 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; lectotype designation: Mayasan, Hyogo Prefecture, Honshu, Japan; characters; natural history; phylogenetic relationships; Japan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

kolbei Scheerpeltz, 1933 , see: cinerascens Gravenhorst, 1802 .

kolweziensis Levasseur, 1969: 892 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: région de Kolwezi, Manika, Katanga).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

lamtoensis Levasseur, 1969: 896 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Côte d’Ivoire, Lamto ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ivory Coast.

laticeps Cameron, 1918: 86 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Singapore: Mandai ).

— Cameron, 1921a: 376, 404 ( Actobius ; characters; Singapore).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Singapore.

lecordieri Levasseur, 1969: 887 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: région de Kolwezi, Musonoie). - DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

leleupi Tottenham, 1962: 152 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Tanganyika Terr.: Kilimanjaro, Marangu , 1550 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

leonensis Tottenham, 1956: 272 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Sierra Leone: Freetown ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Leone.

leptocerus Fauvel, 1905b: 177 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Madagascar sud: forêts de la côte est; Fort Dauphin ; Andrahomana).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

lohsei Uhlig, 1990 a: 138 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Zaire:

Kasai Oriental, Gandajika).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

lomaensis Levasseur, 1971: 292 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: monts Loma , Sierra Leone,

1600 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Leone.

longipennis Jarrige, 1970: 47 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; Type locality: Madagascar: Mt. Tsaratanana, 1500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

loxatus Horn, 1884 , see: patella Horn, 1884 .

maghrebicus Coiffait, 1965: 846 , 849 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; Type locality: Algérie: Mouzaïa, près de Médéa).

— Coiffait, 1973a: 274 ( Erichsonius ; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1974: 16 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; characters; Algeria; Morocco).

— Outerelo, 1976: 265 ( Erichsonius ; Spain).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Algeria, Morocco, Spain.

major Cameron, 1943: 128 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Darjeeling: Ghum district: Mangpu).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

malheurensis Hatch, 1957, see: puncticeps Horn, 1884 .

mangpuensis Cameron, 1943: 128 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Darjeeling: Ghum district: Mangpu).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

manikaensis Levasseur, 1969: 889 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: région de Kolwezi, Manika, Katanga).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

mauriticus Uhlig, 1988: 83 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Mauritius: Piton Grand Bassin).

— Lecoq, 1990: 192 ( Erichsonius ; Mascarene Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mauritius.

mauritiensis Uhlig, 1988: 79 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Mauritius: Piton Grand Bassin).

— Lecoq, 1990: 192 ( Erichsonius ; Mascarene Islands).

maximus Tottenham, 1956: 270 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Ruanda: Tshuruyaga , forêt du

Rugege, 2400 m).

— Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 235 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; characters; Zaire;

Rwanda).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 215 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda, Congo. melanocephalus Hochhuth, 1851 , see: cinerascens Gravenhorst, 1802 . meurgeusae Coiffait, 1979d: 555 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Nouristan: Darah i Nour).

- DISTRIBUTION: Afghanistan. mixtus Sharp, 1885 , see: Neobisnius . modestus Tottenham, 1956: 264 ( Erichsonius ; [Note: Although Tottenham attributed this name to Cameron as a name to be published, Tottenham validated it in a key]; Type locality: Angola).

- DISTRIBUTION: Angola. moestus Sharp, 1887 , see: Neobisnius . montanellus Levasseur, 1971: 293 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: monts Loma, Sierra Leone,

1600 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Leone. monticola Cameron, 1943: 128 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Darjeeling: Ghum district: Mangpu).

- DISTRIBUTION: India. muscicola Jarrige, 1970: 48 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; Type locality: Madagascar: Mt. Tsaratanana, 1500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar. musidentatus Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 253 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Malawi: Viphya-Mts., Chamambo Forest).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 212 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Malawi. musonoiensis Levasseur, 1969: 885 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: région de Kolwezi,

Musonoie, Katanga).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo. myops Jarrige, 1978: 283 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; Type locality: Andringitra

Centre, zone sommitale, cirque Boby, 2500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar. nanus Horn, 1884: 225 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Canada; Michigan; New England States).

— Blatchley, 1910: 392 ( Actobius ; characters; Indiana).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Hatch, 1957: 174 ( Actobius ; characters; Idaho).

— Smetana, 1965: 11 ( Erichsonius ; characters; St. Pierre; Nova Scotia; Newfoundland).

— Smetana, 1965a: 3 ( Erichsonius ; Alaska).

— Frank, 1975: 198 ( Erichsonius ; characters; St. Pierre & Miquelon; Newfoundland; Nova Scotia;

New Brunswick; Quebec; Ontario; Northwest Territories; British Columbia; Alaska; New

Hampshire; Maine; Massachusetts; New York; New Jersey; Illinois; Wisconsin; Washington).

— Frank, 1981b: 100, 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; Virginia).

— Frank, 1982: 36 ( Erichsonius ; list of parasites).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 374 ( Erichsonius ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA. naomii Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 66 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality:

Japan: Okinawa Prefecture: Nansei-Shotô: Ishigaki Island: Mt. Omoto).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

nepalicus Coiffait, 1981d: 328 ( Acylophorus ; Type locality: Kluihakani , Halambu, Népal central).

— Smetana, 1988: 339 ( Erichsonius ; most likely identical with basalis Motschulsky ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

nigriceps Gemminger and Harold, 1868 , see: cinerascens Gravenhorst, 1802 .

niloticus Scheerpeltz, 1963b: 439 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Wadi-Halfa).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sudan.

nitidicollis Jarrige, 1970: 45 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; Type locality: Madagascar: Mt. Tsaratanana, 15–1600 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

nitidulus Sharp, 1885 , see: Neobisnius .

nouristanicus Coiffait, 1979d: 554 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Nouristan: vallée du Pech).

- DISTRIBUTION: Afghanistan.

nukurensis Fauvel, 1907: 37 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Nakuro, Rift Valley).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer and Chapman, 1939: 64 ( Actobius ; Kenya).

— Tottenham, 1956: 264 ( Erichsonius ; characters in key).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974: 138, 141 ( Erichsonius ; characters; South Africa).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, South Africa.

obsoletus Méquignon, 1948 , see: cinerascens Gravenhorst, 1802 .

ocreatus Horn, 1884 , see: Neobisnius .

oculatus Fauvel, 1905 , see: Neobisnius .

omissus Levasseur, 1971: 297 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: monts Loma , Sierra Leone,

1600 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Leone.

ophthalmicus Tottenham, 1956: 262 , 269 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Ruanda: terr. Kisenyi , Gishwati, 2000 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda.

orphanulus Erichson, 1840: 931 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for orphanus Erichson, 1840: 499 ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 349 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1972: 50 ( Erichsonius ; synonymic note).

— Coiffait, 1974: 5, 7 ( Erichsonius ; synonymic note).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

orphanus Erichson, 1840: 499 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Madagascar).

— Erichson, 1840: 931 ( Philonthus ; synonym of orphanulus ).

biparamerosus Tottenham, 1949b: 358 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Madagascar: Tananarive).

— Coiffait, 1972: 50 ( Erichsonius ; synonym of orphanulus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 5, 7 ( Erichsonius ; synonymic note).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; synonym of orphanulus ).

orphanus Erichson, 1840 , see: orphanulus Erichson, 1840 .

papuanus Cameron, 1937a: 100 ( Actobius ; Type locality: New Guinea: Kokoda, alt. 1200 ft.). - DISTRIBUTION: New Guinea.

parcior Tottenham, 1956: 274 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Natal: Escourt).

- DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.

parcus Horn, 1884: 230 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Michigan; District of Columbia).

— Blatchley, 1910: 393 ( Actobius ; characters; Indiana).

— Notman, 1920b: 705 ( Actobius ; Florida).

— Frank, 1975: 187 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Massachusetts; District of Columbia; Virginia; South Carolina; Louisiana).

— Frank, 1981b: 100l, 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Florida).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 373 ( Erichsonius ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

parvus Tottenham, 1961: 207 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Senegal: Parc National du Niokolo-Koba, Badi).

- DISTRIBUTION: Senegal.

patella Horn, 1884: 229 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Michigan; New York).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Frank, 1975: 185 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Quebec; Ontario; New Hampshire; New York; Massachusetts; Pennsylvania; Indiana; Illinois; Michigan; New Jersey; District of Columbia; Kentucky; Tennessee; West Virginia; Virginia; North Carolina; Louisiana).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 373 ( Erichsonius ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

loxatus Horn, 1884: 229 ( Actobius ; Type locality: District of Columbia).

— Blatchley, 1910: 393 ( Actobius ; characters; Indiana).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Frank, 1975: 185 ( Erichsonius ; synonym of patella ).

pauliani Jarrige, 1970: 48 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; Type locality: Madagascar: Mt. Tsaratanana, 1800 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

picinus Jarrige, 1978: 279 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; Type locality: Andringitra Est, Marositry, Est rivière Antsifotra, 2000 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

politus Sharp, 1885 , see: Neobisnius .

pomonae Frank, 1975: 188 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Mt. Wilson, Los Angeles Co., California).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

potor Tottenham, 1956: 262 , 275 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Tanganyika : Kilimandjaro, 13,000 ft.).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

proximalis Tottenham, 1956: 262 , 276 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Tanganyika : Kilimandjaro, 13,000 feet).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

pseudomaximus Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 265 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Zaire: Provinz Kivu: Territorium Lubero, rés. forest. Biena, 1800 m).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 215 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

pubidentatus Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 244 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Zaire: Territorium Albertville, Mont Kabobo, Haute Kiymbi, 1700 m).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 213 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

pullus Zheng, 1993b: 491 , 492 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: China: Sichuan, Xide ).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

puncticeps Horn, 1884: 230 ( Actobius ; Type locality: southern part of California).

— Frank, 1975: 191 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Arizona, California).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

malheurensis Hatch, 1957: 182 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Oregon: Malheur Co.: Sucker Creek Canyon) .

— Smetana, 1995e: 470 ( Erichsonius ; synonym of puncticeps ).

puncticulosus Zheng, 1993b: 490 , 492 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: China: Sichuan, Mt. Emei , alt. 710–1120 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: China.

pusio Horn, 1884: 230 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Garland , Colorado).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Frank, 1975: 190 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Quebec, Ontario, British Columbia, Massachusetts, Michigan, Illinois, Colorado, Utah, North Carolina).

— Frank, 1981b: 100, 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Virginia).

— Schmidt, 1996: 211, 213 ( Erichsonius ; characters of egg, larvae, and pupa; natural history; Nebraska).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 373 ( Erichsonius ; characters; USA).

— Schmidt, 1999: 108 ( Erichsonius ; food for adults and larvae used for rearing species; rearing methods).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

rivularis Kiesenwetter, 1858: 61 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Hochgebirge um Vrachori in Aetolien).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 602 [= 1877: 458] ( Remus ; characters; Greece).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1944: 149 ( Actobius ; characters in key).

— Coiffait, 1965c: 844 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; characters; Greece; Asia Minor; Armenia).

— Coiffait, 1974: 14 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; characters; Greece; Asia Minor; Armenia; Persia).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Spain, Greece, Turkey, Armenia, Iran.

ibericus Coiffait, 1965: 844 , 847 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; subspecies of rivularis ; Type locality: Espagne: La Musara, Alcover, Prov. de Tarragone).

— Coiffait, 1974: 14 ( Erichsonius ; subspecies of rivularis ; characters).

robustus Bernhauer, 1915d: 135 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Deutsch-Ostafrika: Utzurungwe ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1956: 266 ( Erichsonius ; comparative notes).

— Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 240 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; characters; Tanzania).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 215 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

robustus W. Kolbe, 1918 , see: cinerascens Gravenhorst, 1802 .

rosellus Frank, 1975: 195 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: New Jersey: Union Co.: Roselle Park. Also cited from Quebec, Ontario, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey).

— Frank, 1981b: 100, 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; Florida).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 373 ( Erichsonius ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

rotundodentatus Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 247 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Tansania: Mt. Mbize, 12 miles N.E. Sumbawanga).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 215 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

rufipennis Bernhauer, 1932b: 146 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Elisabethville; Kansenia).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer and Chapman, 1939: 65 ( Actobius ; Kenya).

— Tottenham, 1956: 263 ( Erichsonius ; characters in key; Belgian Congo; Angola).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Congo, Angola.

rusticus Frank, 1975: 194 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Illinois: Marion Co.: Kinmundy. Also cited from Illinois, Maryland and South Carolina).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 373 ( Erichsonius ; characters; USA).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

ruwenzoriensis Bernhauer, 1934 g: 236 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Ruwenzori, 4200 m).

— Bernhauer and Chapman, 1939: 65 ( Actobius ; Kenya).

— Tottenham, 1956: 265 ( Erichsonius ; comparative notes).

- DISTRIBUTION: “Ruwenzori region”, Kenya.

sawadai Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 45 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Hokkaido: Hokkaido Prefecture: Oonuma Park).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

scabrosus Tottenham, 1956: 271 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Ruanda: Tshuruyaga, forêt du Rugege, 2400 m).

— Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 262 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; characters; Rwanda).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 209 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda.

scotti Bernhauer, 1931d: 583 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Abyssinia: Mt. Chillalo , ca. 9,000 ft.; Jem-Jem Forest, 8,000–9,000 ft.).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1956: 261 ( Erichsonius ; characters in key).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia.

rossicus Coiffait, 1965 , see: Philonthus .

senilis Horn, 1884 , see: Neobisnius .

shibatai Watanabe and Uhlig, 1992: 28 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Honshu: Kanagawa Prefecture: Ohkura near Tanzawa).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

signaticornis Mulsant and Rey, 1853: 62 [= 1853a: 75] ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Lyonnais, Bugey).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 531 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1855: 24 ( Xantholinus ; notes).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 623 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Redtenbacher, 1857: 198 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Fauvel, 1874: 203 [= 1874a: 429] ( Erichsonius ; characters; France; Britain; Switzerland; Tirol; Italy).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 217 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Fauvel, 1876a: 72 [= 1876: 257] ( Actobius ; Spain; Algeria).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 600 [= 1877: 456] ( Remus ; characters; France).

— Fauvel, 1878: 121 [= 1878a: 41] ( Actobius ; Algeria).

— Fauvel, 1886: 52 [= 1886a: 44] ( Actobius ; Morocco; Algeria).

— Fowler, 1888: 284 ( Actobius ; characters; Britain).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 466 ( Neobisnius ; characters; western Europe; Tyrol; Italy).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 107 ( Actobius ; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 94 ( Actobius ; Corsica).

— Reitter, 1909: 123 ( Actobius ; characters; Germany).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Portevin, 1929: 356 ( Actobius ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer, 1944: 148 ( Actobius ; characters in key).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 33 ( Actobius ; characters).

— Smetana, 1958: 142 ( Erichsonius ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1960b: 259 ( Erichsonius ; Czechoslovakia).

— Coiffait, 1963: 9 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ).

— Lohse, 1964: 172 ( Erichsonius ; characters; central Europe).

— Coiffait, 1965c: 845 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; characters; Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 119 ( Erichsonius ; Britain; Holland; Belgium; France; Switzerland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Poland; Portugal; Spain; Corsica; Italy; Germany; Austria).

— Smetana, 1967i: 554 ( Erichsonius ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 15 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; characters; central Europe; France; Corsica).

— Osella and Zanetti, 1975: 108 ( Erichsonius ; collected from nest of Talpa europaea ; notes; Italy).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Erichsonius ; Britain).

— Bordoni and Carfi, 1978 ( Erichsonius ; note on peg setae of aedeagus).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

— Frank, 1982: 36 ( Erichsonius ; list of parasites).

— Tóth, 1984: 38 ( Erichsonius ; characters).

— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Erichsonius ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 161 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; characters).

— Uhlig and Sterrenburg, 1990: 167, 169 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Netherlands).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Erichsonius ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Erichsonius ; Italy).

— Eyre, Luff, and Lott, 2000: 33 ( Erichsonius ; Britain).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Europe.

silvaticus Bernhauer, 1931d: 584 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Abyssinia: Mt. Chillalo ,

ca. 9,000 ft.).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia.

silvestris Bernhauer, 1931d: 584 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Abyssinia: Jem-Jem Forest , Jem-Jem river , ca. 8,000 ft.; Wouramboulchi, ca. 9,000 ft.; Mt. Chillalo, ca. 9,000 ft.).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

- DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia.

simplex Sharp, 1885 , see: Neobisnius .

sinusidentatus Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 250 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Zaire: Territorium Albertville, Mont Kabobo, Haute Kiymbi, 1800 m).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 214 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

smetanai Frank, 1975: 197 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Louisiana: St. John the Baptist Par., Manchac ).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

sobosanus Watanabe, 1963: 8 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Japan: Kyushu : Oita Pref.:

Mt. Sobo).

— Tikhomirova, 1973: 182 ( Erichsonius ; in checklist).

— Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 32 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; redescription; natural history; phylogenetic relationships; Japan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

subopacus Hochhuth, 1851: 27 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Tiflis).

— Fauvel, 1874: 202 [= 1874a: 428] ( Erichsonius ; synonym of rivularis ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; synonym of cinerascens ).

— Bernhauer, 1944: 148 ( Actobius ; characters in key; Armenia; Asia Minor; Balkan Peninsula; France; Poland).

— Scheerpeltz, 1956c: 1100 ( Actobius ; Cyprus).

— Méquignon, 1948: 76 ( Actobius ; variety of cinerascens ; characters; France).

— Smetana, 1958: 142 ( Erichsonius ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1960b: 259 ( Erichsonius ; Czechoslovakia).

— Lohse, 1964: 173 ( Erichsonius ; characters; central Europe).

— Focarile, 1964: 51, 66 ( Actobius ; characters; notes; Italy).

— Coiffait, 1965c: 844 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; characters; Caucasus; Armenia; Asia Minor; Balkans; central Europe; France).

— Horion, 1965: 118 ( Erichsonius ; Turkey; Armenia; France; Balkans; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Poland?; Austria).

— Smetana, 1967i: 552 ( Erichsonius ; Turkey).

— Coiffait, 1974: 13 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; characters; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Asia Minor; Balkans; central Europe; France).

— Petrenko, 1980: 82 ( Erichsonius ; Azerbaijan).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ).

— Tóth, 1984: 39 ( Erichsonius ; characters).

— Lucht, 1987: 104 ( Erichsonius ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 163 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Erichsonius ; characters).

— Uhlig and Sterrenburg, 1990: 168 ( Erichsonius ; characters).

— Smetana, 1993b: 48 ( Erichsonius ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 27 ( Erichsonius ; Italy).

— Assing and Wunderle, 2001: 36 ( Erichsonius ; Cyprus).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan.

subniger Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 605 [= 1877: 461] ( Remus ; variety of cinerascens ; Type locality: Saint-Raphael).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 465 ( Actobius ; variety of cinerascens ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; synonym of cinerascens ).

— Smetana, 1958: 142 ( Erichsonius ; synonym of subopacus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 13 ( Erichsonius ; synonym of subopacus ).

gabrieli Horion, 1935: 144 ( Actobius ; variety of cinerascens ; Type locality: Schlesien).

— Strassen, 1964: 102 ( Actobius ; synonym of subopacus ).

superbus Tottenham, 1962: 145 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Tanganyika Terr.: Uluguru Mts., vallée de l’Ululu-Ndogo, 1500 m).

— Masch and Uhlig, 1990: 260 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; characters; Tanzania).

— Masch, 1993: 187, 209 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; phylogeny of robustus species group).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

tenuicornis Fauvel, 1907: 37 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Voi).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 325 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Bernhauer and Chapman, 1939: 65 ( Actobius ; Kenya).

— Tottenham, 1956: 264 ( Erichsonius ; characters in key).

— Tottenham, 1962: 134 ( Erichsonius ; Tanganyika).

— Scheerpeltz, 1974: 138 ( Erichsonius ; South Africa; northern Rhodesia).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, South Africa.

terebrans Tottenham, 1956: 263 , 267 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Urundi: terr. Bururi, Nyamurembe ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Burundi.

texanus Frank, 1975: 188 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: N. Braunfels, Texas).

triangularis Tottenham, 1961: 203 , 208 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Senegal: Parc National du Niokolo-Koba: Badi).

- DISTRIBUTION: Senegal.

tristis Cameron, 1932b: 133 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Blukwa, Nizi).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Tottenham, 1956: 264 ( Erichsonius ; characters in key).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

tsaratananus Jarrige, 1970: 45 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Madagascar: Mt. Tsaratanana , 1500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

tuberculatus Uhlig and Masch, 1990: 90 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Zaire: Provinz Kuvu: Territorium Uvira, Haute Luvubu, 2675 m).

— Masch and Plötner, 1993 ( Erichsonius ; morphometric analysis).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

uhligi Lecoq, 1996: 147 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: l’archipel des Comores: Grande-Comore, La Convalescence, 1750 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Comoros.

validus Cameron, 1928 g: 444 ( Actobius ; Type locality: Borneo: Mt. Murud, 5000–6000 feet). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Hammond, 1984: 205 ( Erichsonius ; Borneo).

- DISTRIBUTION: Borneo.

variolosus Tottenham, 1956: 274 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Tanganyika: Marangu).

— Tottenham, 1962: 134 ( Erichsonius ; Tanganyika).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

venustus Tottenham, 1956: 262 , 275 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Zanzibar).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania.

vinsoni Cameron, 1947c: 116 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Mauritius:

Mt. Cocotte).

— Uhlig, 1988: 74 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; characters; notes Mauritius).

— Lecoq, 1990: 191 ( Erichsonius ; Mascarene Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Mauritius.

vulgaris Uhlig and Watanabe, 1992: 58 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Honshu: Gunma Prefecture: Yunokoya).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

watanabei Uhlig, 1992: 72 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; Type locality: Japan: Honshu: Aomori Prefecture: Mt. Hakkôda).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

ytenensis Sharp, 1913b: 101 ( Actobius ; Type locality: New Forest).

— Donisthorpe, 1930: 97 ( Actobius ; characters; Britain).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 ( Actobius ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1965c: 845 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; characters; England; France).

— Smetana, 1967i: 554 ( Erichsonius ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 17 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Parerichsonius ; characters; England; France).

— Outerelo, 1976: 264 ( Erichsonius ; notes; Spain).

— Pope, 1977: 29 ( Erichsonius ; Britain).

— Frank, 1981b: 103 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 162 ( Erichsonius ; subgenus Sectophilonthus ; characters).

— Uhlig and Sterrenburg, 1990: 167, 172 ( Erichsonius ; characters; Netherlands).

— Bruge, Haghebaert, and Drugmand, 1991: 47 ( Erichsonius ; notes; characters; Belgium).

- DISTRIBUTION: Britain, Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain.

zapfi Uhlig, 1997: 266 ( Erichsonius ; Type locality: Republic of South Africa: Cape Province:

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 535 [= 1877: 391] (characters; key to French species).

— Seidlitz, 1891: 389 (key to some European species).

— Seidlitz, 1891a: 414 (key to some European species).

— Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1891: 104 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Europe and Caucasus).

— Heyden, 1893: 43 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Siberian region).

— Heyden, 1896: 33 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Siberian region).

— Heyden, Reitter, and Weise, 1906: 168 (subgenus of Philonthus ; list of species of Europe and Caucasus).

— Reitter, 1909: 124 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 326 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Gridelli, 1920 (revision; valid genus; key to species; illustrations).

— Winkler, 1925: 379 (catalog for Palaearctic region; subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Cameron, 1925: 63 (catalog of Indian species).

— Gridelli, 1928: 41 (notes).

— Cameron, 1932: 62 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Joy, 1932: 115 (key to British species).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1329 (subgenus of Philonthus ).

— Blackwelder, 1943: 399 (subgenus of Philonthus ; type species: suaveolens ).

— Fagel, 1945: 37, 38 (characters; notes; key to some species of nigritulus group).

— Jeannel and Paulian, 1945: 79 (type species: aterrimus ).

— Kloet and Hincks, 1945: 166 (list of British species).

— Tottenham, 1949: 372, 419 (type species: nigritulus = aterrimus ; notes; checklist of British species).

— Coiffait, 1951 (key to French species).

— Smetana, 1952b (revision of species of Czechoslovakia; characters; key to species).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 81 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters; key to Danish species).

— Blackwelder, 1952: 166 (type species).

— Smetana, 1953a: 167, 170, 175 (key to species of three species groups).

— Smetana, 1954a: 114 (key to central European species of splendidulus group).

— Hatch, 1957: 180, 198 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters; key to species of Pacific Northwest).

— Smetana, 1957 (key to European species; aedeagal illustrations).

— Smetana, 1958: 228 (characters; habitus of one species; type species: nigritulus ; key to Czechoslovakian species).

— Smetana, 1959a: 214 (list of species collected in Albania).

— Smetana, 1960c (revision of and key to species of nigritulus group).

— Smetana, 1961: 36 (key to species of vernalis group).

— Tottenham, 1962: 235 (characters; notes; African species).

— Coiffait, 1963: 9 (characters; key to species groups and list of included French species for each).

— Székessy, 1963: 56 (characters).

— Palm, 1963b: 98 (subgenus of Philonthus ; characters; key to species of Sweden).

— Lohse, 1964: 187 (characters; key to central European species).

— Coiffait, 1964c: 165 ( hesperius species group; characters; key to species).

— Moore, 1965: 97, 100 (characters; notes).

— Pototskaia, 1966: 152, 154 (larval characters; key to some species).

— Pototskaia, 1967: 52 (larval characters).

— Coiffait and Saiz, 1968: 347, 348 (characters; notes; Chilean species).

— Scheerpeltz, 1968a: 76 (catalog of Austrian species).

— Bolov, 1969a: 328 (collecting notes for some species; Russia).

— Kasule, 1970: 64, 65 (larval characters).

— Shibata, 1973c: 61 (checklist of species of Taiwan).

— Bordoni, 1973j: 708 (list of species from islands near Sicily).

— Tikhomirova, 1973a: 185 (checklist of species of USSR).

— Coiffait, 1974: 17 (adult and larval characters; key to species of western Palaearctic region).

— Moore and Legner, 1975: 13 (catalog; North America north of Mexico).

— Pope, 1977: 30 (list of British species).

— Topp, 1978: 312 (larval characters).

— Moore and Legner, 1979: 19 (characters; notes).

— Muona, 1979: 15 (list of Scandinavian species).

— Uhlig, 1979: 254 (some species collected in Germany).

— M. Dvořák, 1979: 115 (some species collected in Slovakia).

— Uhlig, Vogel, and Sieber, 1980: 247 (some species collected in Germany).

— Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefańska, 1980: 79 (catalog; Poland).

— Uhlig and Vogler, 1981: 117 (list of some species collected in Germany; habitat and collecting notes).

— Dettner, 1983 (comparative anatomy of defensive glands and defensive secretions).

— Shibata, 1983: 127 (checklist of species of Japan).

— Smetana, 1984 (review of and key to species of Japan).

— Hammond, 1984: 205 (checklist of species of Borneo).

— Tóth, 1984: 82 (characters; habitus; key to species of Hungary).

— Frank, 1986a: 370 (checklist of species of Florida).

— Muona and Viramo, 1986: 13 (list of species of northeastern Finland).

— Segers, 1986: 42 (checklist of species; Belgium).

— Drugmand 1987b (comments on distribution of Belgian species).

— Ádám, 1987: 151 (list of four species with collecting notes; Hungary).

— Lecoq, 1990: 194 (key to species of Mascarene Islands).

— Angelini, 1991: 191 (list of species from high elevations of Calabria, Italy).

— M. Hansen, Kristensen, Mahler, Pedersen, 1991: 107 (list of Danish species).

— Campbell and Davies, 1991: 119 (checklist of species; Alaska and Canada).

— Silfverberg, 1992: 16 (list of species of Fennoscandia, Denmark, and the Baltic States).

— Siitonen, 1993: 230 (list of Finnish species).

— Welch, 1993: 228 (ovariole structure and development).

— Smetana, 1993b: 49 (list of species of Czech Republic and Slovakia).

— Hernández, Outerelo, and Gamarra, 1994: 187 (checklist of species; Canary Islands).

— Smetana, 1995e: 603 (characters; notes; phylogenetic relationships; key to North American species).

— M. Hansen, Liljehult, Mahler, and Pedersen, 1995: 29 (additional records to Danish list of species).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 (list of species of Italy).

— M. Hansen, 1996: 37, 106 (probably belongs in Philonthus ; list of Danish species).

— M. Hansen, Mahler, Palm, and Pedersen, 1996: 244 (additions to list of Danish species).

— Downie and Arnett, 1996: 382 (characters; key to species of Northeastern North America).

— Gillerfors, 1997: 85 (key to species of northern Europe).

— Schillhammer, 1997 (revision of and species groups for species of Oriental region; checklist of species for world).

— Cho and Lee, 1997: 272 (key to species of Korea).

— Assing, Frisch, Kahlen, et al., 1998: 138 (supplement to key to species in Lohse, 1964; note).

— Newton, Thayer, Ashe, and Chandler, 2000: 396 (42 Nearctic species; notes; characters in key).

— Hayashi, 2000: 23 (notes on empodial setae).

abas Smetana, 1984: 135 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Japan: Gumma Pref.: 5 km E Usui Pass , 900 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

aberdarensis Bernhauer, 1939a: 90 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Kenya:

Mt. Aberdare, Westhang, Mais. forest. Kinangop, 2600 m).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 75 ( Gabrius ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.

abscissus Tottenham, 1962: 248 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Kenya: Molo, Mau Escarpment, 2150 –2200 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.

adustus Casey, 1915: 440 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: California: Sta. Cruz Mts.; [Note: See lectotype designation by Smetana, 1995e]. Also cited from San Francisco, California). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 720 ( Gabrius ; lectotype designation: Santa Cruz Mts , California; characters; notes; California; Oregon) .

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

capizzii Hatch, 1957: 201 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Oregon:

Gold Beach, Doug.).

— Smetana, 1995e: 721 ( Gabrius ; synonym of adustus ).

aegon Smetana, 1995e: 671 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: California: S. Francisco Co.).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

aelius Smetana, 1995e: 719 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: California :: S. Diego Co.: Cleveland N. F., Mt. Laguna, 5900 feet).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

afghanicus Coiffait, 1979 , see: furtivus Cameron, 1932 .

agiliformis Tottenham, 1956: 293 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Belgian Congo: Nialopul ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

ajmonis Gridelli, 1934 , see: furtivus Cameron, 1932 .

albipes Stephens, 1833 , see: splendidulus Gravenhorst, 1802

aliicornis Bernhauer, 1939 i: 260 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kamerun: Mt. Cameron : Musake, 6350 ft.).

— Bernhauer, 1942c: 362 ( Philonthus ; Cameroon).

— Tottenham, 1956b: 207, 211 ( Gabrius ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon.

allardi Levasseur, 1967: 655 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: région de Kolwezi, Katanga, Ruwé, Lualaba).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

almorensis Cameron, 1932: 144 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Almora, Dhauli Ganga).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1332 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 24 ( Gabrius ; characters; Afghanistan).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Afghanistan.

altissimus Bernhauer, 1939a: 89 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Kenya: Camp III de Elgon, zone de Bruyères, Est, 3500 m; Cratère de l’Elgon, pied du Kottobbos, 4000 m).

— Jeannel and Paulian, 1945: 84 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; adult and larval characters; Kenya).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 75 ( Gabrius ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.

amanensis Schillhammer, 1990: 90 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Yarpuz , bei Osmaniye, 900 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Turkey.

amans Tottenham, 1962: 236 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Tanganyika Terr.: Uluguru Mts.,

vallee de l’Ululu-Ndogo, 1500 m. Also cited from Kenya).

- DISTRIBUTION: Tanzania; Kenya.

amasiensis Coiffait, 1980 , see: tokatensis Smetana, 1977 .

amulius Smetana, 1995e: 655 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Ohio: 5 mi. E W. Liberty, Logan Co.

Also cited from New York).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

analis Heer, 1839 , see: splendidulus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

anatolicus Smetana, 1953: 119 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Anatolia: Yeniköy , Toros, 1000 m).

— Smetana, 1961: 39 ( Gabrius ; characters; Turkey).

ancoripenis Cho and Lee, 1997: 273 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Korea: Dongchonri, Yeanmyon, Andong, Kyǔngsangpukdo). - DISTRIBUTION: South Korea.

angusticeps Bernhauer, 1933b: 57 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Eritrea: Adi Caie). — Scheerpeltz, 1974c: 24 ( Gabrius ; Ethiopia). - DISTRIBUTION: Eritrea, Ethiopia.

apomontis Schillhammer, 2000 c: 135 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Philippines: Mindanao: Davao Prov.: Lk. Linau, N. slope Mt. Apo , 7900′). - DISTRIBUTION: Philippines.

appendiculatus Sharp, 1910: 131 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Anglia et Scotia). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 329 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Gridelli, 1920: 150 ( Gabrius ; characters; England; Scotland; Austria; Moravia; Bohemia; Italy). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1332 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus). — Wüsthoff, 1937: 31 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus). — Fagel, 1945: 42 ( Gabrius ; characters; Belgium). — Coiffait, 1951: 113, 115 ( Gabrius ; characters in key; France). — V. Hansen, 1952: 90 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; Denmark). — Smetana, 1952a: 91 ( Gabrius ; illustrations). — Smetana, 1952b: 126 ( Gabrius ; characters; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1957: 66 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus ). — Smetana, 1958: 255 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus ). — Smetana, 1960c: 345 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus ). — Lohse, 1964: 190 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus ). — Coiffait, 1974: 58 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus ). — Pope, 1977: 30 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus ). — Hinton, 1981: 660 ( Gabrius ; characters of egg). — Nowosad, 1990: 114 ( Gabrius ; collected from mole nest; notes; Poland). — Silfverberg, 1991: 21 ( Gabrius ; appendiculatus is the valid name). — Smetana, 1993b: 49 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus ). — Smetana, 1995e: 628 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus Reitter ). — Schillhammer, 1997: 82 ( Gabrius ; synonym of subnigritulus Reitter ). — Herman, 2001: 25 ( Gabrius ; valid name). - DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Canada.

subnigritulus Reitter, 1909: 132 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; aberration of nigritulus ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Articles 1.3.4, 45.5)]). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1353 ( Philonthus ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; variety of nigritulus ). — Smetana, 1957: 66, 69 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; cited as senior synonym of appendiculatus ; characters). — Smetana, 1958: 255 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1960c: 345 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; characters; England; Scotland). — Szujecki, 1963a: 34 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; Poland). — Palm, 1963b: 106 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland). — Lohse, 1964: 190 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; characters; central Europe). — Horion, 1965: 192 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; widespread in southern part of northern Europe and in central Europe; Dalmatia; Greece). — Bordoni, 1973i: 329 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; characters). — Coiffait, 1974: 58 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; characters; Britain; Scandinavia; Alps; Pyrenees). — Shilov, 1975a: 376 [= 1975b: 99] ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; Komi region of

Russia). — Pope, 1977: 30 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; Britain). — Muona, 1979: 15 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter and as a valid name). — Tóth, 1984: 88 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; characters; Hungary). — Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden). — Smetana, 1990: 175 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; characters; collecting notes; introduced into North America; British Columbia; Newfoundland; Quebec). — Silfverberg, 1991: 21 ( Gabrius ; subnigritulus was made available by Smetana when using Reitter’s unavailable name). — Smetana, 1993b: 49 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; Czech Republic; Slovakia). — Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; Italy). — Smetana, 1995e: 628 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; [Note: Cited in the present work as as a synonym of appendiculatus because the Reitter usage was an aberration therefore an unavailable name and appendiculatus had been cited as a synonym of subnigritulus Reitter by various authors]; characters; notes; British Columbia; Newfoundland; Quebec). — Levesque and Levesque, 1996: 291 ( Gabrius ; cited as subnigritulus Reitter ; seasonal abundance; Quebec).

subnigritulus Smetana, 1956b: 171 ( Gabrius ; [Note: preoccupied; Reitter cited as author but Reitter’s usage was as an aberration and so is unavailable but the name was made available by Smetana, 1956]; cited as senior synonym of appendiculatus ; Type locality: Central Europe). — Herman, 2001: 25 ( Gabrius ; synonym of appendiculatus ).

approximatus Hatch, 1957, see: crassulus Horn, 1884 .

armeniacus Coiffait, 1966c: 506 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Arménie russe, environ d’Erevan). — Coiffait, 1974: 81 ( Gabrius ; characters; Armenia). - DISTRIBUTION: Armenia.

arnoldii Smetana, 1961: 33 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: UdSSR, Nordwestlicher Kaukasus, Umgebung von Tuapse). — Coiffait, 1974: 70 ( Gabrius ; characters; Caucasus). — Schillhammer, 1997: 75 ( Gabrius ; cited as arnoldi ). - DISTRIBUTION: Russia.

astutoides A. Strand, 1946: 171 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: AK 13: Røa just outside of Oslo; [Note: Two other uncited localities in Norway are mentioned]). — Smetana, 1953a: 173 ( Gabrius ; notes on identification; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1957: 62 ( Gabrius ; characters; Norway; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1958: 239 ( Gabrius ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia). — Palm, 1963b: 105 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; Norway). — Lohse, 1964: 189 ( Gabrius ; characters; central Europe). — Horion, 1965: 187 ( Gabrius ; Norway; Germany; Czech Republic; Germany). — Lundberg, 1972: 173 ( Philonthus ; Sweden). — Coiffait, 1974: 78 ( Gabrius ; characters; Scandinavia; Europe; Pyrenees). — Pope, 1977: 30 ( Gabrius ; Britain). — Tóth, 1984: 87 ( Gabrius ; characters; Hungary). — Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Gabrius ; checklist; Germany; Czechoslovakia Sweden). — Smetana, 1991: 89 ( Gabrius ; characters; introduced in North America; New Brunswick; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Quebec; New Hampshire; Pennsylvania). — Smetana, 1993b: 49 ( Gabrius ; Czech Republic; Slovakia). — Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Gabrius ; Italy). — Smetana, 1995e: 644 ( Gabrius ; characters; notes; Manitoba; New Brunswick; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Quebec; New Hampshire; Pennsylvania). — Renner, 1998: 92 ( Gabrius ; Germany). — Burakowski, Mroczkowski, and Stefańska, 2000: 52 ( Gabrius ; catalog; Poland). - DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Canada, USA.

astutus Erichson, 1840: 492 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Austria). — Kolenati, 1846: 21 ( Philonthus ; Caucasi declivitate septentrionalis). — Redtenbacher, 1849: 706 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Fairmaire and Laboulbène, 1856: 528 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Kraatz, 1857d: 614 ( Philonthus ; characters; Germany).

— Redtenbacher, 1857: 196 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Hochhuth, 1862: 63 ( Philonthus ; Russia).

— Fauvel, 1865a: 297 [= 1865b: 47] ( Philonthus ; habitat; France).

— Fauvel, 1874: 241 [= 1874a: 467] ( Philonthus ; characters; France; Germany; Austria; Switzerland; Russia; Armenia; Caucasus; Lake Baikal).

— Redtenbacher, 1874: 215 ( Philonthus ; characters; Austria).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 551 [= 1877: 407] ( Gabrius ; characters; France).

— Fowler, 1888: 278 ( Philonthus ; characters; Britain).

— Eppelsheim, 1892: 334 ( Philonthus ; Turkestan).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 460 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; middle Europe; Caucasus; Siberia ).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 98 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).

— Reitter, 1909: 132 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; Germany).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 329 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1920: 139 ( Gabrius ; characters).

— Bernhauer, 1926g: 2 ( Philonthus ; Kamchatka region).

— Portevin, 1929: 366 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus).

— Smetana, 1953: 121 ( Gabrius ; Turkey).

— Smetana, 1957: 62 ( Gabrius ; characters; central Europe; Caucasus; Siberia ).

— Smetana, 1958: 238 ( Gabrius ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1961a: 44 ( Gabrius ; Bulgaria).

— Lohse, 1964: 189 ( Gabrius ; characters; central Europe).

— Smetana, 1964c: 167 ( Gabrius ; Czechoslovakia).

— Horion, 1965: 186 ( Gabrius ; Britain; Holland; Belgium; Switzerland; France; Spain; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Dalmatia; Bosnia Hercegovina; Romania; Hungary; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Poland; Ukraine; Austria; Germany).

— Smetana, 1966: 331 ( Gabrius ; notes; Czechoslovakia).

— Smetana, 1967i: 556 ( Gabrius ; Turkey).

— Szujecki, 1969a: 257 ( Gabrius ; notes; Poland).

— Coiffait, 1974: 78 ( Gabrius ; characters; Europe; Caucasus; Asia Minor; Lebanon).

— Tóth, 1984: 86 ( Gabrius ; characters; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Gabrius ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux).

— Lohse and Lucht, 1989: 168 ( Gabrius ; note).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 56 ( Gabrius ; Italy).

— Smetana, 1993b: 49 ( Gabrius ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Gabrius ; Italy).

— Kashcheev, 1999a: 58 ( Gabrius ; Kazakhstan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Russia, Armenia, Turkey, Lebanon, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan.

erythrostomus Hochhuth, 1851: 22 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Armenien).

— Fauvel, 1874: 241 [= 1874a: 467] ( Philonthus ; synonym of astutus ).

— Ganglbauer, 1895: 460 ( Philonthus ; synonym of astutus ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 329 ( Philonthus ; synonym of astutus ).

— Smetana, 1958: 238 ( Gabrius ; synonym of astutus ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 78 ( Gabrius ; synonym of astutus ).

mendosus Bernhauer, 1928b: 12 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Kaukasus: Borshom).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1350 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1973b: 128 ( Gabrius ; notes; synonym of astutus ). delendus Coiffait, 1972a: 82 ( Gabrius ; variety of astutus ; [Note: Nomen nudum (Article 15.2)]; cited from Ariège, Saint-Lary).

— Coiffait, 1974: 78 ( Gabrius ; variety of astutus ).

aterrimus Gravenhorst, 1802 , see: nigritulus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

atlasicus Coiffait, 1973: 111 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Tachdirt, Djebel Toubkal, 2500 m, Grand Atlas marocain).

— Coiffait, 1974: 73 ( Gabrius ; characters; Morocco).

- DISTRIBUTION: Morocco.

attenuatus Stephens, 1832 , see: nigritulus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

aureus Drugmand, 1990: 209 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Turkmenistan: Repetek ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Turkmenistan.

austriacus Scheerpeltz, 1947 , see: velox Sharp, 1910 .

autumnalis Cameron, 1932: 145 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Mussoorie district: Keyarkuli, alt. 7000 feet; [Note: See lectotype designation by Schillhammer, 1997]).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 23 ( Gabrius ; lectotype designation; characters; Nepal; India; China) .

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Nepal, China.

badilikus Tottenham, 1956: 298 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Urundi: Bururi, 1800–2000 m).

— Tottenham, 1962: 143 ( Gabrius ; Kenya).

- DISTRIBUTION: Burundi, Kenya.

badius Motschulsky, 1858 , see: Philonthus .

badius Kiesenwetter, 1858: 61 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Sicilien).

— Fauvel, 1874: 242 [= 1874a: 468] ( Philonthus ; characters; Corsica; Sicily; Antolia).

— Mulsant and Rey, 1876: 543 [= 1877: 399] ( Gabrius ; characters; Corsica).

— Sainte-Claire Deville, 1906: 98 ( Philonthus ; Corsica).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1920: 137 ( Gabrius ; characters; Greece; Corsica; Sardinia; Sicily).

— Portevin, 1929: 365 ( Philonthus ; characters; France).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1951: 109, 114 ( Gabrius ; characters in key; France).

— Smetana, 1953a: 178 ( Gabrius ; Corsica).

— Smetana, 1957: 59 ( Gabrius ; characters; Greece; Sicily; Corsica).

— Smetana, 1961: 38 ( Gabrius ; characters; Turkey; Greece; Sicily; Sardinia; Corsica).

— Coiffait, 1974: 68 ( Gabrius ; characters; Corsica; Sardinia; Sicily; Greece; Asia Minor).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Gabrius ; Italy).

- DISTRIBUTION: France, Italy, Greece, Turkey.

insularis Gautier, 1868: 326 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Corse).

— Fauvel, 1874: 242 [= 1874a: 468] ( Philonthus ; synonym of badius ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; synonym of badius ).

— Coiffait, 1974: 68 ( Gabrius ; synonym of badius ).

bafutensis Levasseur, 1967a: 957 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: forêt de Bafut, Cameroun, N’guemba).

- DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon.

basalis Stephens, 1833 , see: nigritulus Gravenhorst, 1802 .

balthasari Smetana, 1956 , see: Gabronthus .

bernardinensis Fall, 1930 , see: crassulus Horn, 1884 .

beroni Raitschev, 1997: 29 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Bulgaria: Osogovo mountain , in the area of mount Ruen, 2000–2151 m altitude).

- DISTRIBUTION: Bulgaria.

bescidicus Smetana, 1954a: 116 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Mähren, Beskydy, Bílá ).

— Smetana, 1958: 243 ( Gabrius ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia).

— Palm, 1963b: 104 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; Finland).

— Lohse, 1964: 188 ( Gabrius ; characters; central Europe).

— Coiffait, 1974: 67 ( Gabrius ; characters; Czechoslovakia).

— Tóth, 1984: 85 ( Gabrius ; characters).

— Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Gabrius ; checklist; Czechoslovakia).

— Silfverberg, 1992: 16 ( Gabrius ; Sweden; Finland).

— Smetana, 1993b: 49 ( Gabrius ; Czech Republic).

- DISTRIBUTION: Czech Republic, Finland, Sweden.

besucheti Schillhammer, 1997: 42 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: India: Meghalaya Khasi Hills Weiloi , 1700 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

bidentatus Horn, 1884: 214 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: California, Vancouver, Washington Territory ).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Hatch, 1957: 204 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; British Columbia; Washington; Oregon).

— Moore, 1965: 100 ( Gabrius ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 710 ( Gabrius ; characters; notes; British Columbia; California; Oregon; Washington).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

bifidus Tottenham, 1962: 244 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Kenya: Molo, Mau Escarpment, 2150 –2200 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.

birmanus Schillhammer, 1997: 44 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Burma: Carin Asciuü Ghecù, 1400–1500 m. Also cited from Thailand).

- DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar, Thailand.

bishopi Sharp, 1910: 131 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Scotia: Beattock and Thornhill).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1920: 148 ( Gabrius ; characters; England).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1334 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— V. Hansen, 1952: 91 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; Denmark).

— Coiffait, 1953a: 266 ( Gabrius ; [Note: Misidentified as suffragani Joy according to Schillhammer, 1997: 75 who cited it as though a synonym of bishopi ]; characters; France).

— Smetana, 1957: 64, 69 ( Gabrius ; characters; England; Scandinavia; Germany; Austria; France).

— Smetana, 1960c: 336 ( Gabrius ; characters; Scotland; Britain; Germany; Austria; France).

— Lohse, 1964: 190 ( Gabrius ; characters; central Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 192 ( Gabrius ; Britain; France; Austria; Germany).

— Coiffait, 1974: 61 ( Gabrius ; characters; Britain; Europe; Alps; Corsica).

— Pope, 1977: 30 ( Gabrius ; Britain).

— Tóth, 1984: 89 ( Gabrius ; characters).

— Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Gabrius ; checklist; Germany; Austria).

— Eyre, Luff, and Lott, 2000: 33 ( Gabrius ; Britain).

- DISTRIBUTION: Europe.

biturigensis Coiffait, 1951 , see: breviventer Sperk, 1835 .

brevipennis Horn, 1884: 212 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Pt. Pins LS [ Lake Superior ]; [ Note : See lectotype designation by Smetana , 1995e]. Originally cited from north shore of Lake Superior).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 330 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 613 ( Gabrius ; lectotype designation: Pt. Pins LS [Lake Superior]; characters; notes; Alberta; British Columbia; Manitoba; New Brunswick; Newfoundland ; Northwest Territories; Nova Scotia; Ontario; Quebec; Saskatchewan; Alaska; Maine; Massachusetts; Michigan; New Hampshire; New York; Vermont; Washington; Wisconsin) .

malkini Hatch, 1957: 200 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Oregon: Coos Co.: Marshfield, now Coos Bay). — Moore, 1965: 100 ( Gabrius ). — Smetana, 1965: 29 ( Gabrius ; characters; Newfoundland). — Smetana, 1965a: 8 ( Gabrius ; Alaska). — Smetana, 1995e: 613 ( Gabrius ; synonym of brevipennis ).

brevissimus Tottenham, 1956: 297 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Ruanda: Tshuruyaga, forêt du Rugege, 2400 m). - DISTRIBUTION: Rwanda.

breviventer Sperk, 1835: 153 ( Xantholinus ; Type locality: südliches Russland). — Solsky, 1874: 191 ( Scopaeus ; characters; Turkestan). — Ganglbauer, 1895: 460 ( Philonthus ; synonym of thermarum ). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1912: 248 ( Scopaeus ; synonym of gracilis ). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 357 ( Philonthus ; synonym of thermarum ). — Cameron, 1932: 134 ( Philonthus ; synonym of thermarum ). — Scheerpeltz, 1957c: 234 ( Philonthus ; synonym of thermarum ). — Smetana, 1958: 217 ( Philonthus ; synonym of thermarum ). — Coiffait, 1974: 114 ( Gabronthus ; synonym of thermarum ). — Schillhammer, 1997: 16 ( Gabrius ; characters; synonyms). - DISTRIBUTION: Tunisia, Algeria, Europe, Russia, Caucasus, Turkey, India, USA.

coxalus Hochhuth, 1872: 142 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Not cited, but presumably from Gouvernements Kiew and/or Volhynien; [Note: See lectotype designation by Gusarov, 1991a]). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 347 ( Philonthus ; synonym of nigritulus ). — Cameron, 1932: 147 ( Philonthus ; cited as coxalis ; synonym of nigritulus ). — Smetana, 1958: 249 ( Gabrius ; synonym of nigritulus ). — Coiffait, 1974: 54 ( Gabrius ; synonym of nigritulus ). — Gusarov, 1991a: 7 ( Gabrius ; valid species; lectotype designation: [Note: Locality not cited]; notes). — Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Gabrius ; Italy). — Smetana, 1995e: 624 ( Gabrius ; characters; notes; California). — Schillhammer, 1997: 16 ( Gabrius ; synonym of breviventer ).

pennatus Sharp, 1910: 130 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Anglia et Scotia; [Note: See lectotype designation by Gusarov, 1991a]). — Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 350 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Gridelli, 1920: 149 ( Gabrius ; characters; England; Scotland; Austria; Moravia; Germany; Dalmatia; Italy). — Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1354 ( Philonthus ; catalog). — Wüsthoff, 1934: 61 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus). — Wüsthoff, 1937: 31 ( Philonthus ; illustration of aedeagus). — Fagel, 1945: 41 ( Gabrius ; characters; Belgium). — Jeannel and Jarrige, 1949: 376 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; cave species; Spain). — Coiffait, 1951: 111, 114 ( Gabrius ; characters in key; France). — V. Hansen, 1952: 90 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; Denmark). — Smetana, 1952b: 125 ( Gabrius ; characters). — Smetana, 1953: 122 ( Gabrius ; Turkey). — Smetana, 1957: 63, 70 ( Gabrius ; characters; Europe; Caucasus; Turkey; Algeria; Tunisia). — Smetana, 1958: 254 ( Gabrius ; characters; ecology; Czechoslovakia). — Smetana, 1960c: 340 ( Gabrius ; characters; Caucasus; Turkey; Algeria; Tunisia). — Smetana, 1961a: 45 ( Gabrius ; Bulgaria). — Palm, 1963b: 106 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; characters; Sweden; Denmark; Norway; Finland). — Lohse, 1964: 191 ( Gabrius ; characters; central Europe).

— Smetana, 1964d: 78 ( Gabrius ; Czechoslovakia). — Focarile, 1964: 56 ( Gabrius ; Italy).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965b: 403 ( Gabrius ; Sicily).

— Scheerpeltz, 1965c: 507 ( Gabrius ; Sicily).

— Horion, 1965: 197 ( Gabrius ; Algeria; Tunisia; Turkey; Caucasus; Russia; Finland; Sweden; Norway; Britain; Denmark; widespread in central and southern Europe).

— Raianu, 1969a: 325 ( Gabrius ; characters; ecological notes; Romania).

— Bordoni, 1973i: 327 ( Gabrius ; characters).

— Coiffait, 1974: 65 ( Gabrius ; characters; Europe; Britain; Asia Minor).

— Pope, 1977: 30 ( Gabrius ; Britain).

— Frank, 1982: 36 ( Gabrius ; list of parasites).

— Tóth, 1984: 93 ( Gabrius ; characters; Hungary).

— Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Gabrius ; checklist; Germany; Poland; Czechoslovakia; Austria; Switzerland; France; Benelux; Denmark; Sweden).

— Pilon and Zanetti, 1991: 56 ( Gabrius ; Italy).

— Gusarov, 1991a: 7 ( Gabrius ; lectotype designation: [Note: Locality not cited]; synonym of coxalus ).

— Smetana, 1993b: 49 ( Gabrius ; Czech Republic; Slovakia).

— Ciceroni and Zanetti, 1995: 29 ( Gabrius ; synonym of coxalus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 624 ( Gabrius ; synonym of coxalus ).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 16 ( Gabrius ; synonym of breviventer ).

— Assing, Frisch, Kahlen, et al., 1998: 138 ( Gabrius ; synonym of breviventer ).

coxatus Bernhauer, 1914d: 9 ( Philonthus ; unjustified emendation of coxalus Hochhuth [Articles 32 and 33]; [preoccupied]).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1352 ( Philonthus ; synonym of nigritulus ).

— Smetana, 1960c: 325 ( Gabrius ; synonym of nigritulus ; [Note: This name is cited as a synonym of breviventer rather than nigritulus because it is an emendation of coxalus which is a synonym of breviventer ]).

nigrituloides Cameron, 1932: 148 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: India).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1352 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Yadav, Chand, and Yadav, 1995: 6 ( Philonthus ; morphology of mitotic and meiotic chromosomes).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 16 ( Gabrius ; synonym of breviventer ).

biturigensis Coiffait, 1951: 110 , 113 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Indre: Châteauroux).

— Smetana, 1960c: 352 ( Gabrius ; characters from original description; species uncertain).

— Coiffait, 1974: 65 ( Gabrius ; synonym of pennatus ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 624 ( Gabrius ; synonym of coxalus ).

hublei Coiffait and Segers, 1985: 298 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Belgique: Commune de Gamaarden , province de Flandre orientale).

— Lohse, 1988: 42 ( Gabrius ; synonym of velox ).

— Schillhammer, 1990: 92 ( Gabrius ; characters; notes).

— Smetana, 1995e: 624 ( Gabrius ; synonym of coxalus ).

— Assing, Frisch, Kahlen, et al., 1998: 138 ( Gabrius ; synonym of breviventer ).

bulbifer Schillhammer, 1997: 20 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Pakistan: Swat , Malam Jabba, 2300–2400 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Pakistan.

bulgaricus Coiffait, 1971b: 279 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Bulgarie: Zabârdo , Rodopes).

— Coiffait, 1974: 76 ( Gabrius ; characters; Bulgaria).

- DISTRIBUTION: Bulgaria.

burckhardti Schillhammer, 1997: 54 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Thailand: Chiang Mai,

Doi Inthanon, 2450 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Thailand.

burgeoni Bernhauer, 1928 g: 107 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Belg.- Kongo: Manyema ).

— Cameron, 1929: 64 ( Philonthus ; characters; Belgian Congo).

— Tottenham, 1949b: 353 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Tottenham, 1956b: 220 ( Gabrius ; characters).

- DISTRIBUTION: Congo.

canariensis Fauvel, 1898: 100 ( Philonthus ; named for simulans as misidentified by Wollaston, 1864; Type locality: Canaries).

— Wollaston, 1864: 574 ( Philonthus ; [Note: Misidentification: Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 cited simulans Wollaston as a synonym of canariensis ; Wollaston attributed it to his earlier description of the species]; notes; Canary Islands).

— Fauvel, 1902b: 111 ( Philonthus ; Canaries).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 331 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1960c: 327 ( Gabrius ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Smetana, 1960c: 307 ( Gabrius ; [Note: Misidentified as simulans according to Smetana, 1962: 97]; characters; Madeira and Canary Islands).

— Smetana, 1962: 97 ( Gabrius ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Coiffait, 1974: 62 ( Gabrius ; characters; Canary Islands).

— Assing, 1999a: 346 ( Gabrius ; Canary Islands).

— Assing and Wunderle, 1999: 437 ( Gabrius ; Canary Islands).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canary Islands.

capizzii Hatch, 1957, see: adustus Casey, 1915 .

caporiaccoi Gridelli, 1934: 81 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Valle Punmah: Jula di Punmah ,

3100 m).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 30 ( Gabrius ; characters; India; Pakistan).

- DISTRIBUTION: Afghanistan, Pakistan, India.

darahensis Coiffait, 1979d: 557 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Nouristan: Darah i Nour, 3000 m). — Schillhammer, 1997: 31 ( Gabrius ; synonym of caporiaccoi ).

capucinus Schillhammer, 1997: 41 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: India: Uttar Pradesh, Garhwal, au-dessus Pauri, 1900 m. Also cited from Pakistan and Nepal).

— Schillhammer, 2000 c: 130 ( Gabrius ; Nepal).

- DISTRIBUTION: Pakistan, India, Nepal.

cascadensis Scheerpeltz, 1974: 161 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Natal: Royal Natal National Park, The Cascades, 5200 ft.).

- DISTRIBUTION: South Africa.

chapmani Bernhauer, 1939a: 69 , 89 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Kenya: Mt. Elgon , Osthang, Suam fishing hut, 2400 m).

— Jeannel and Paulian, 1945: 87 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Kenya).

— Tottenham, 1949b: 354 ( Philonthus ; characters).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 76 ( Gabrius ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Kenya.

chiliensis Coiffait and Saiz, 1968: 348 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Chile: Romeral , Curicó).

— Fauvel, 1866a: 346 [= 1866b: 97] ( Philonthus ; [Note: Cited as nigritulus ; misidentification of chiliensis according to Coiffait and Saiz, 1968: 348 who cited the name as nigritus ]; characters; Chile).

— Saiz, 1971b: 340 ( Gabrius ; cited as chilensis ; Chile).

- DISTRIBUTION: Chile.

chiriquiensis Herman, 2001: 44 ( Gabrius ; replacement name for pilipes Bierig ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Panama.

pilipes Bierig, 1940a: 142 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Panamá: Volcán de Chiriqui, 1500 m).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 80 ( Gabrius ).

— Herman, 2001: 44 ( Gabrius ; synonym of chiriquiensis ).

crassulus Horn, 1884: 213 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Nevada).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 333 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1995e: 658 ( Gabrius ; characters; notes; California; Nevada; Oregon; Washington).

- DISTRIBUTION: USA.

bernardinensis Fall, 1930: 253 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: southern California, San Bernardino Mts. ).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1334 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Moore, 1965: 100 ( Gabrius ; cited as bernardensis).

— Smetana, 1995e: 658 ( Gabrius ; synonym of crassulus ).

approximatus Hatch, 1957: 200 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Washington: Kooskooskie, Walla Walla Co. Also cited from Oregon).

— Moore, 1965: 100 ( Gabrius ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 658 ( Gabrius ; synonym of crassulus ).

curvipenis Schillhammer, 1997: 21 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: E. Nepal: [ Sankhua Sabha District ], Kosi, Val. Induwa Khola, 2000 m).

— Schillhammer, 2000 c: 122 ( Gabrius ; Nepal).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

cushmani Hatch, 1957: 204 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Washington:

Lake Cushman).

— Moore, 1965: 100 ( Gabrius ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 709 ( Gabrius ; characters; notes; British Columbia; Oregon; Washington).

- DISTRIBUTION: Canada, USA.

femineus Hatch, 1957: 204 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Washington: Easton).

— Moore, 1965: 100 ( Gabrius ).

— Smetana, 1995e: 709 ( Gabrius ; synonym of cushmani ).

cyphonotus Joy, 1913: 25 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Caucasus and the borders of the Caspian Sea; Daghestan, Lenkoran, etc.).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Smetana, 1953a: 179 ( Gabrius ; Daghestan; Transcaucasia).

— Smetana, 1957: 65 ( Gabrius ; characters; Turkestan; Caucasus).

— Smetana, 1960c: 330 ( Gabrius ; characters; Caucasus; Daghestan; Transcaucasian region).

— Coiffait, 1974: 60 ( Gabrius ; characters; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; region of Caspian Sea).

- DISTRIBUTION: Russia, Azerbaijan, “Turkestan”.

damon Smetana, 1984: 135 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Japan: Yamagata Pref.: Tachiyzawa ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

darahensis Coiffait, 1979 , see: caporiaccoi Gridelli, 1934 .

darjeelingensis Schillhammer, 1997: 53 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: India: W. Bengal, Darjeeling distr. , Tigerhill, 2500–2600 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: India.

deceptivus Cameron, 1943: 132 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Type locality: Kashmir: Gulmarg; [Note: See lectotype designation by Schillhammer, 1997]).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 31 ( Gabrius ; lectotype designation; characters; India; Pakistan) .

- DISTRIBUTION: Pakistan, India.

deceptor Cameron, 1932: 146 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Simla Hills: Gahan; [Note: See lectotype designation by Schillhammer, 1997]. Also cited from Mussoorie district,

alt. 6000–7000 feet).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Coiffait, 1982: 27 ( Gabrius ; India).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 18 ( Gabrius ; lectotype designation: Gahan , Simla Hills, 7000′; characters; India; Nepal; Bhutan; China) .

tensicornis Scheerpeltz, 1965: 230 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: N.E. Burma, Kambaiti, 7000 ft.). — Schillhammer, 1997: 18 ( Gabrius ; synonym of deceptor ).

deceptoroides Schillhammer, 1997: 19 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Nepal: 412 Sankhua Sabha Dist. , Arun Valley betw. Mure and Hurure, 2050–2150 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Nepal.

decipiens Horn, 1884 , see: picipennis Mäklin, 1852 .

deflexus Tottenham, 1956b: 223 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Nyassaland: Qodeni ).

- DISTRIBUTION: Malawi.

delamarei Jarrige, 1970: 49 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Madagascar: Haut Sambirano , 1000 m). - DISTRIBUTION: Madagascar.

delendus Coiffait, 1972 [Note: Nomen nudum], see: astutus Erichson, 1840 .

demades Smetana, 1984: 138 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Japan: Toyama Pref.: Tateyama Mts., Bijodaira , 1000 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Japan.

demarcatus Tottenham, 1940 , see: sharpianus Cameron, 1930 .

dentipes Eppelsheim, 1889: 172 ( Philonthus ; Type locality: Arragonien).

— Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 335 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Gridelli, 1920: 130 ( Gabrius ; characters; Spain).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1339 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Peyerimhoff, 1937: 265 ( Philonthus ; characters; notes; Morocco).

— C. Koch, 1941: 64 ( Philonthus ; subgenus Gabrius ; Morocco).

— Smetana, 1957: 57 ( Gabrius ; characters; Spain; North Africa).

— Smetana, 1961: 36 ( Gabrius ; characters; Spain; North Africa).

— Coiffait, 1964c: 166 ( Gabrius ; characters; Morocco).

— Coiffait, 1974: 74 ( Gabrius ; characters; Morocco).

- DISTRIBUTION: Spain, Morocco.

desperatus Schillhammer, 1997: 44 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Burma: Carin Asciuü Checù , 1400–1500 m).

- DISTRIBUTION: Myanmar.

dieckmanni Smetana, 1957: 70 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: Deutschland: Thüringen, Salzstelle bei Esperstedt-Frankenhausen, Kyffhäuser ).

— Smetana, 1960c: 315 ( Gabrius ; characters; Germany).

— Lohse, 1964: 189 ( Gabrius ; characters; central Europe).

— Horion, 1965: 192 ( Gabrius ; Germany).

— Coiffait, 1974: 64 ( Gabrius ; characters; central Europe).

— Lucht, 1987: 106 ( Gabrius ; checklist; Germany).

- DISTRIBUTION: Germany.

diengensis Schillhammer, 1997: 65 ( Gabrius ; Type locality: C-Java: Dieng).

- DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia.

disjunctus Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 336 ( Philonthus ; replacement name for distans Fauvel ).

— Cameron, 1932: 135 ( Philonthus ; characters; Burma).

— Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1340 ( Philonthus ; catalog).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 48 ( Gabrius ; characters; India; Nepal; Thailand; China).

— Schillhammer, 2000 c: 132 ( Gabrius ; China; Nepal).

- DISTRIBUTION: India, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, China.

distans Fauvel, 1895: 265 ( Philonthus ; [preoccupied]; Type locality: Bírmanie, Carin Asciuii Ghécu , 1400–1500 m).

— Cameron, 1932: 135 ( Philonthus ; synonym of disjunctus ).

— Schillhammer, 1997: 48 ( Gabrius ; synonym of disjunctus ).