Phidippus audax (Hentz, 1845)

Dean, David Allen, 2016, Catalogue of Texas spiders, ZooKeys 570, pp. 1-703 : 337-339

Phidippus audax (Hentz, 1845)

Phidippus audax Agnew et al. 1982: 631; Agnew et al. 1985: 5, 11; Armstrong and Richman 2007: 396; Bonnet 1958: 3513; Breene 1988: 15, 17, 23-26, 35-36, 38-40, 44, 49; Breene et al. 1988: 180-181; Breene et al. 1989: 163; Breene et al. 1993a: 169, Breene et al. 1993b: 648; Breene et al. 1993c: 23, 24, 48, 70, mf (figs 56A-C); Brown 1974: 236; Bumroongsook et al. 1992: 17; Calixto et al. 2013: 184, 190; Cokendolpher 1978 c: 118; Comstock 1912: 681, desc.; Comstock 1940: 689; Dean and Eger 1986: 143; Dean and Sterling 1987: 7; Dean and Sterling 1990: 405; Dean et al. 1982: 256; Dean et al. 1987: 264, 268; Dean et al. 1988: 287; Edwards 2004: 72 [S], mf, desc. (figs C32-36, 237-243); Guarisco 2008b: 5; Hunter 1988: 18-21; Jackman 1997: 135, desc., 168 (photo 41l); Jackman et al. 2007: 199; Jones 1936: 70; Knutson et al. 2010: 515; Li 1990: 137, 142, 144; Liao et al. 1984: 411; Lombardini et al. 2005: 1378; McDaniel et al. 1981: 104; Nuessly and Sterling 1984: 97; Nyffeler et al. 1987a: 357; Nyffeler et al. 1987b: 1121; Nyffeler et al. 1988a: 55; Nyffeler et al. 1990b: 496; Nyffeler et al. 1992a: 1181; Nyffeler et al. 1992b: 1459-1460; Nyffeler et al. 1992c: 3; Rapp 1984: 9; Rice 1986: 124; Richman and Cutler 1978: 95; Richman et al. 2011b: 51; Richman et al. 2012a: 51; Richman et al. 2012b: 51; Roberts 2001: 51; Rogers and Horner 1977: 523; Sterling et al. 1979: 979; Taber and Fleenor 2003: 238; Taylor and Peck 1975: 90; Tugmon et al. 1990: 43-44; Vincent and Frankie 1985: 380; Vogel 1970b: 19; Woods and Harrel 1976: 44; Yantis 2005: 201; Young and Edwards 1990: 22

Phidippus variegatus (Lucas, 1833); Carpenter 1972: 163; Kagan 1942: 61; Kagan 1943: 258; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 390; Vogel 1970b: 20

Dendryphantes variegatus (Lucas, 1833); Petrunkevitch 1911: 643

Phidippus rauterbergii Peckham & Peckham, 1888; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 22; Peckham and Peckham 1901a: 295; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 429

Phidippus rauterbergi Peckham & Peckham, 1888; Banks 1910: 65; Richman and Cutler 1978: 97; Vogel 1970b: 19

Dendryphantes rautenbergi (Peckham & Peckham, 1888); Petrunkevitch 1911: 641

Dendryphantes rautbergii (Peckham & Peckham, 1888); Roewer 1955: 1204

Philaeus farneus Peckham & Peckham, 1888; Peckham and Peckham 1888: 26

Dendryphantes farneus (Peckham & Peckham, 1888); Marx 1890: 570; Petrunkevitch 1911: 629; Roewer 1955: 1210

Phidippus farneus (Peckham & Peckham, 1888); Banks 1910: 63; Peckham and Peckham 1909: 430; Richman and Cutler 1978: 96; Vogel 1970b: 19

Distribution.

Aransas, Archer, Atascosa, Austin, Bailey, Bastrop, Baylor, Bell, Bexar, Bosque, Brazoria, Brazos, Brooks, Brown, Burleson, Burnet, Calhoun, Cameron, Carson, Chambers, Cherokee, Clay, Collin, Colorado, Comanche, Coryell, Dalham, Dallas, Delta, Denton, Dickens, Ellis, Erath, Floyd, Fort Bend, Gaines, Galveston, Goliad, Gonzales, Gray, Grayson, Gregg, Grimes (imm.), Hansford, Hardeman, Harris, Harrison, Hidalgo, Hill, Houston, Howard, Hunt, Hutchinson, Jasper, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jim Hogg, Jim Wells, Karnes, Kaufman, Kenedy, Kerr, Kleberg, Lamb, Lee, Leon, Liberty, Lubbock, Lynn, Madison, Mason, McLennan, Medina, Menard, Mitchell, Montgomery, Nacogdoches, Nueces, Orange, Potter, Randall, Robertson, Runnels, Rusk, San Patricio, Tarrant, Taylor, Travis, Uvalde, Val Verde, Victoria, Walker, Washington, Wharton, Wheeler, Wichita, Wilbarger, Willacy, Williamson, Wilson, Zavala

Locality.

Adriance Pecan Orchard, Bentsen-Rio Grande Valley State Park, Ellis Prison Unit, Estero Llano Grande State Park, Galveston Island State Park, Holmes Pecan Orchard, Lake Corpus Christi State Park, Lake Creek, Lake Meredith National Recreation Area, Lake Somerville State Park [Nails Creek Unit], Lake Tawakoni State Park, Medicine Mounds Ranch, Nance Ranch, Palmetto State Park, Ramsey Nature Park, Ramsey Prison Farm, Resaca de la Palma State Park, Riley Estate, Rita Blanca Lake, Robert J. Baker Ranch, Russell Farm, Santa Ana National Wildlife Refuge, Stiles Ranch, Storey Pecan Orchard, Welder Wildlife Refuge, Wildcat Bluff Nature Center

Time of activity.

Male (January, March - December); female (February - December)

Habitat.

(crops: cotton, guar, peanuts, rice, soybean, sugarcane); (grass: grass, grassy and shrub area, grassland, pasture); (landscape features: bridge, culvert, overpass); (littoral: salt marsh area); (nest/prey: mud dauber nest [imm.], retreat under picnic table); (orchard: citrus, grapefruit, Mexican lime, orange tree, pecan); (plants: bluebonnets, croton, Indian paintbrush, in bush, miscellaneous vegetation, on plants, weed, Monarda citriodora ); (soil/woodland: under Juniper logs, live oak, post oak savanna with pasture, post oak woods [%: 74, 96], saltcedar, sandy brushland, sandy open prairie, willow, woodland); (structures: garage, in house, on wall, retreat under picnic table, under house eave); (web: large spider web)

Method.

5 gallon bucket trap [f]; beating [m]; boll weevil pheromone trap [m]; cardboard band [mf]; fogging [mf]; irrigation tubing [imm.]; moth pheromone trap [m]; pitfall trap [mf]; suction trap [mf]; sweeping [mf]

Type.

Massachusetts

Etymology.

Latin, audacious, bold

Collection.

DMNS, JCC, MSU, NMSU, TAMU, TTU, WTAM