Peradon trivittatus (Curran)

Reemer, Menno, Skevington, Jeffrey H. & Kelso, Scott, 2019, Revision of the Neotropical hoverfly genus Peradon Reemer (Diptera, Syrphidae, Microdontinae), ZooKeys 896, pp. 1-93 : 1

Peradon trivittatus (Curran) Figs 15 , 24 , 26 , 97 , 98 , 255 , 260

Microdon trivittatus Curran, 1925: 344. Holotype ♂: Guyana (AMNH) [examined]; Thompson et al. 1976: 67.

Peradon trivittatus (Curran): Reemer and Ståhls 2013a: 146; Reemer 2014: 46.

Studied type specimens.

Guyana • 1 ♂, holotype of Microdon trivittatus Curran; Kartabo; AMNH.

Additional specimens.

Brazil • 1 ♀; Ouro Puerto[?]; 20 Jun. 1978; E.M. Bratel leg.; NHMUK • 1 ♂; Amazonas, Rio Jau, Meriti, Mun. Novo Airao; 4-10 Jun. 1994; J.A. Rafael leg.; INPA • 1 ♂'; Am. Manaus ZF-03, BR174 km 41 Res. 1501; 02°27'26"S, 59°45'00"W; 17-31 Jan. 1996; L.E.F. Roche e Silva leg.; INPA • 1 ♂; Am. Manaus, Res. Biol. do Cueiras (ZF-2), km-34, trilha em frente ao LBA; 02°35'37"S, 60°12'39"W; 22 Jul. 2012; G.F.G. Miranda leg.; INPA • 1 ♂; Amazonas, Reserva Ducke, 26 km N. of Manaus; 24 Sep. 1982; J.A. Rafael leg.; INPA • 1 ♂; Am. Borba, Rio Abacaxis, Paxiúba; 04°28'48"S, 58°34'24"W; 2-4 Jun. 2008; J.A. Rafael leg.; INPA • 1 ♂; Amazonas, Florest Canutama, Terra Firme; 7 May 2013; 6.5069S, 64.5515W; Oliveira & Somavilla leg.; INPA • 1 ♀; Am. Manaus, AM010, km 54 B12; 02°45'22"S, 51°31'03"W; 22-31 Sep. 1997; INPA • 1 ♀; Amazonas, Manaus; 30 Nov.1981; J.A. Rafael leg.; INPA.

Colombia • 1 ♂; Letitia, Amazonas Pr.; 185 m a.s.l.; 19-26 Feb. 1972; D. Ward & A. Forsyth leg.; CNC [BOLD barcode specimen CNCDB1893-11] • 1 ♂; Vaupes, Miraflores; 31 Jan. -5 Feb.1972; M. Cooper leg; NHMUK • 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ("in cop."); Meta, La Macarena; 29 Oct. -7 Nov. 1976; M. Cooper leg.; NHMUK.

French Guiana • 1 ♂; Charvein; 1914; R. Benoist leg.; MNHN • 1 ♂; Roura, Kaw Road, PK 37, Relais Patawa; 4°32'42"N, 52°9'9"W; Jan. 2008; J.A. Cerda leg.; RMNH • 1 ♀; Roura, Kaw Road, PK 37, Relais Patawa; 4°32'42"N, 52°9'9"W; Jul. 2009; J.A. Cerda leg.; RMNH.

Suriname • 1 ♂; Brownsberg; 3 Apr. 2006; M. Reemer leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; Carolinakreek; 30 Apr. 1962; P.H. van Doesburg Jr. leg.; RMNH • 1 ♀; Perica; 11-25 Jun. 1997; B. De Dijn leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; Raleigh Falls; 11 Jul. 1963; P.H. van Doesburg Jr. leg.; RMNH.

Guyana • 1 ♂; Mazaruni-Potaro District, Takutu Mountains; 6°15'N, 59°5'W; 6 Dec. 1983; W.E. Steiner leg.; USNM.

Peru • 1 ♂; Pucallpa; 17 Jan. 1964; J. Schunke leg.; NHMUK • 1 ♂; SAM: around San Roque de Cumbaza; 6°23'4.96"S, 76°25'53.47"W; 15-31 Jan. 2015; T. Faasen leg.; RMNH (DNA voucher CNC464837).

Suriname • 1 ♂; Carolinakreek; 30 Apr. 1962; P.H. van Doesburg Jr. leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; Raleigh Falls; 11 Jul. 1963; P.H. van Doesburg leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; Raleigh Vallen-Voltzberg res.; 90 m a.s.l.; 29 Jan– 13 Feb. 1982; J. Carpenter & D. Trail leg.; USNM • 1 ♀; Perica; 11-25 Jun. 1997; B. De Dijn leg.; RMNH • 1 ♂; Brownsberg; 3 Apr. 2006; M. Reemer leg.; RMNH.

Venezuela • 3 ♂; T.F. Zmaz., Cerro de la Neblina, basecamp; 140 m a.s.l.; 0°50'N, 66°10'W; 10-20 Feb. 1985; P.J. & P.M. Spangler, R.A. Faitoute & W.E. Steiner leg.; USNM.

Diagnosis.

Body size: male 7-13 mm, female 9-14 mm. The triangle of golden pile on the mesoscutum place this species in a group together with P. aureus , P. aureoscutus and P. trilinea . From the first two species, P. trivittatus differs by the presence of golden pile along the anterior and lateral margins of the mesoscutum. The male differs from P. trilinea by tergite 2 being widened posteriorly (parallel-sided in P. trilinea ), and by sternite 4 being evenly convex and short pilose (with bulge-like, long pilose tubercle in P. trilinea ). Male genitalia as in Fig. 260 . The female differs from P. trilinea by sternite 3 being more or less flat and only narrowly separated from sternite 4 (instead of strongly arched and with wide intermediate membrane in P. trilinea ).

Notes.

Body size variation is considerable in this species. The smallest males (known from Venezuela and the Brazilian state of Amazonas) measure only 7 or 8 mm, which at first sight gives the impression that they belong to a different species. However, many intermediates occur between these ‘dwarfs’ and the largest specimens, and all specimens are very similar in morphology and colouration.

Distribution.

Known from Amazonian parts of Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.

Figures

Figures 13 - 18. 13 - 15 Mesoscutum: 13 Peradon aureoscutus male holotype 14 P. aureus male Ecuador CNC 15 P. trivittatus male French Guiana RMNH 16 Peradon fenestratus, scutellum lateral 17, 18 Tergites 2 and 3: 17 Peradon trilinea male holotype 18 P. aureus male holotype.

Figures 19 - 24. 19, 20 Head dorsal: 19 Peradon aureoscutus male holotype (HW = head width, VW = vertex width) 20 P. aureus male Ecuador CNC 21 - 24 Tergite 2 dorsal: 21 Peradon aureoscutus male holotype 22 P. aureus male Ecuador CNC 23 P. trilinea male holotype 24 P. trivittatus male French Guiana RMNH.

Figures 25 - 27. Sternite 4 ventrolateral 25 Peradon trilinea male holotype (note anterior bulge) 26 P. trivittatus male French Guiana RMNH 27 Peradon trilinea female, sternites in ventral view (note wide membranous part between sternites 3 and 4).

Figures 97 - 104. Dorsal habitus of Peradon species (trivittatus group) 97 P. trivittatus ♂ Suriname RMNH 98 P. trivittatus ♀ Suriname RMNH 99 P. fenestratus ♀ Brazil INPA 100 P. trilinea ♂ holotype 101 P. trilinea ♀ Peru NHMUK 102 P. aureus ♀ holotype 103 P. aureus ♂ Ecuador CNC 104 P. aureoscutus ♂ holotype. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figures 252 - 255. 252 - 254 Peradon trilinea male, holotype: 252 habitus lateral 253 head frontal 254 head lateral 255 Peradon trivittatus male holotype: habitus dorsal.

Figures 256 - 261. Male genitalia of Peradon species 256 P. fenestratus French Guyana MNHN 257 P. aureoscutus holotype 258 P. aureus Ecuador CNC 259 P. trilinea holotype 260 P. trivittatus Suriname RMNH 261 P. hermetia holotype.