Peradon sciarus Reemer

Reemer, Menno, Skevington, Jeffrey H. & Kelso, Scott, 2019, Revision of the Neotropical hoverfly genus Peradon Reemer (Diptera, Syrphidae, Microdontinae), ZooKeys 896, pp. 1-93 : 1

Peradon sciarus Reemer Figs 52 , 113 , 243-245 , 266

Peradon sciarus Reemer, 2014: 45. Holotype ♂: Surinam, Awarradam (RMNH). [examined]

Studied type specimens.

Suriname • 1 ♂, holotype of Peradon sciarus Reemer; Awarradam, along Gran Rio River; 03°50'41"N, 55°36'48"W; 13 Apr. 2006; M. Reemer leg.; RMNH. Label 1: "SURINAME. Awarradam / along Gran Rio river. / 03°50'41"N, 55°36'48"W / 13.iv.2006 / M. Reemer" • 1 ♂, paratype of Peradon sciarus Reemer; same data as holotype.

French Guiana • 1 ♂, paratype of Peradon sciarus Reemer; Roura, Kaw road, PK 37, Relais Patawa; 04°32'42"N, 52°09'09"W; Nov. 2008; J.A. Cerda leg.; RMNH.

Additional specimens.

Colombia • 1 ♂; Caqueta, 10 km south Florencia; 23 Jan. 1969; R.E. Dietz leg.; USNM.

Peru • 1 ♂; San Martin, around San Roque de Cumbaza; 7°23'4.96"S, 76°25'53.4"W; 15-31 Jan. 2015; T. Faasen leg.; RMNH (DNA voucher MR566 / CNC464839).

Studied specimens of P. cf. sciarus.

Peru • 1 ♀; San Martin Prov. 23 km S Picota, Concervacion Mun. Zona Barreal; 07°04.88'S, 76°18.89'W; 335 m a.s.l.; M.E. Irwin & J.D. Vasquez leg.; CSCA.

Diagnosis.

Body length: male 10-12 mm. Males are entirely black without pale wing markings, the face is black medially, and there is no fascia of golden pile along the mesonotal transverse suture. Males are clearly more slender than P. satyricus , which has a produced vertex.

The female is not known with certainty, but one specimen from Peru possibly belongs to this species. In contrast with the male, the female has large yellowish white subapical wing patches ( Figs 244 , 245 ), which make it look like P. niger , P. normalis and P. pompiloides . From P. niger it differs by the partly bare alula. From P. normalis it differs by the absence of a fascia of golden pile along the mesonotal transverse suture, the presence of a large basomedian patch of greyish pruinescence on tergite 4, and the absence of such pruinescence on the basal 1/3 of tergite 3. From P. pompiloides it differs by the partly bare wing cell br.

Notes.

The male specimens from Colombia and Peru are 1-2 mm larger than the male type specimens from Surinam and French Guiana, and their wings are a little darker.

The genitalia figured in Fig. 266 are those of the holotype. Reemer (2014) figures the genitalia of the paratype, but in less detail and also from a slightly oblique angle, instead from a proper lateral view. The figure in the present paper should be considered more accurate.

The female from Peru here identified as P. cf. sciarus is assigned to this species based on the COI barcode, which is almost identical to that of a Peruvian male of P. sciarus , from which it differs in one single nucleotide ( Fig. 8 ). The most striking difference of this female with the males is the presence of a large yellowish white subapical wing patch ( Figs 244 , 245 ). Similar cases of sexual dimorphism in wing colouration occur in other Peradon species (e.g., P. chrysopygus ), so this does not contradict the hypothesis that this female belongs to P. sciarus . This female is also similar to the males in other characters, such as the absence of a fascia of golden pile along the mesonotal transverse suture, the partially bare wing cell br and the partly bare alula.

Distribution.

Known from Colombia, French Guiana, Peru, and Suriname.

Figures

Figure 8. Maximum Likelihood tree of COI barcodes of Peradon species. The scale at the bottom is a distance scale for the number of substitutions per site. Information on the barcoded specimens can be found in Table 1.

Figures 48 - 52. 48 Peradon satyricus, head profile 49, 50 Hind legs of Peradon: 49 P. satyricus 50 P. bidens 51, 52 Head in frontal view: 51 P. costaricensis 52 P. sciarus.

Figures 112 - 118. Dorsal habitus of Peradon species (bidens group) 112 P. satyricus ♂ holotype 113 P. sciarus ♂ holotype 114 P. bidens typical variation ♀ (holotype M. flavomarginatum Curran) 115 P. bidens typical morph ♂ Suriname RMNH 116 P. bidens morph langi ♂ Suriname RMNH 117 P. costaricensis ♂ paratype 118 P. costaricensis ♀ paratype. Scale bar: 10 mm.

Figures 240 - 245. 240 - 242 Peradon satyricus male, holotype: 240 habitus lateral 241 head frontal 242 scutellum dorsal 243 Peradon sciarus male holotype: habitus lateral 244, 245 Peradon cf. sciarus female: 244 habitus lateral 245 habitus dorsal.

Figures 262 - 267. Male genitalia of Peradon species 262 P. hermetoides holotype 263 P. elongatus holotype 264 P. oligonax Colombia NHMUK 265 P. satyricus holotype 266 P. sciarus paratype 267 P. bidens Suriname RMNH.