Pedethma, Weise, 1923

Lingafelter, Steven W. & Konstantinov, Alexander S., 2000, Revision Of Pedethma Weise (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), The Coleopterists Bulletin 54 (4), pp. 413-458 : 455-457

Key to Species of Pedethma

The original structure of this key was developed through the use of DELTA (Dallwitz, et al. 1993) and was based on 21 characters. The aedeagus is most diagnostic for species of Pedethma , and an attempt to match them would be a preferable first start for identification. Females of P. australiensis , P. cookensis , P. kirejtshuki , P. sinuatipenis , and P. weisei are unknown. Because of this, the key is biased toward identification of male individuals.

1. Dorsal surface of aedeagus with transverse ridges ( Figs. 23i , 27b,f ) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

1' Dorsal surface of aedeagus without transverse ridges ----------------------- 9

2(1). Elytra uniformly dark or light --------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

2' Elytra with at least one macula (occasionally with indistinct maculae) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5

3(2). Elytral pubescence limited to apex and margins ( Figs. 17–20 ) ----- 4

3' Elytral pubescence as numerous hairs over entire surface of elytron ( Fig. 21 ) ------------------------------------------------------------- P. pubescens , new species

4(3). Antennae pale yellow to antennomere 7; antennomeres 8–11 dark brown ( Fig. 16a ). Elytron with vague punctures at apex. Aedeagus of uniform width, with truncate apex and two extending arms ( Figs. 24a , 25a) --------------------------------------------------------------------- P. malandensis Weise

4'. Antennomere coloration variable, but rarely with abrupt difference in color of the basal 7 and apical 4 antennomeres as in P. malandensis . Elytron with typical punctation, striae complete (or nearly so) to apex. Aedeagus strongly tapering to a very narrowly rounded apex ( Figs. 22h , 26a) as in P. pubescens ; aedeagus has fine ventral ridges antemedially; spermathecal body elongate with weak curvature of distal and proximal ends ( Figs. 28k–l , 30k–l ) ---------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. kurandensis , new species

5(2). Middle pronotal maculation present ( Figs. 14d , 19 ); antennomeres bicolored, darker at base and lighter at apex ------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. maculata , new species

5'. Middle pronotal maculation absent; antennomeres mostly unicolorous ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6

6(5). Aedeagal apex with vague or distinct arrowhead ( Figs. 23g –i ) ----- 7

6'. Aedeagal apex without arrowhead ------------------------------------------------------------- 8

7(6). Aedeagal apex with strong constriction before apex ( Fig. 23g ) ----------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. pinnipenis , new species

7'. Aedeagal apex without strong constriction before apex ( Fig. 23h–i ) ------------------------------------------------------------------- P. humeromaculata , new species

8(6). Aedeagus venter with transverse ridges near apex ( Figs. 22f , 26c) -- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. howdeni , new species

8'. Aedeagus venter without transverse ridges near apex ( Figs. 24c , 27f ) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. seymourensis , new species

9(1). Pronotal punctation very inconspicuous and fine (e.g., Figs. 17–19 ) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11

9'. Pronotal punctation conspicuous, deep, and numerous ( Fig. 20 ) ------ 10

10(9). Elytra with very distinct maculations; pronotum with coarse punctures of approximately equal size and uniform distribution; pronotal width variable; median lobe of aedeagus constricted anteapically, straight in lateral view, ventral side deeply canaliculate ( Figs. 22j , 26f); length of body less than 3.0 mm ---------- P. weisei , new species

10'. Elytra uniformly pale or light brown; pronotum with unequal sized, confluent, coarse punctures making surface appear very heavily sculptured; pronotum much wider than long; median lobe of aedeagus curved in lateral view, ventral side not deeply canaliculate ( Figs. 22g , 25d); length of body greater than 3.0 mm ------------------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. kirejtshuki , new species

11(9). Elytra color dark reddish brown to piceous (appearing black) ---- 12

11'. Elytra color not dark reddish brown to piceous --------------------------------- 14

12(11). Aedeagus broad for most of length with a well defined arrowhead and moderate anteapical constriction ( Figs. 22c–d , 26e); spermathecal body strongly curved with proximal and distal apices very close to one another ( Figs. 28a–c ); body nearly always longer than 2.5 mm -------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. fuscipennis Weise (in part)

12'. Aedeagus without constriction before apex; apex not shaped as arrowhead ( Figs. 22a–b, k ); body length averages 2.5 mm and only rarely exceeds 3.0 mm --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13

13(12) Aedeagus very broad toward apex and then abruptly angles to an arrowhead apex ( Figs. 22a–b , 25e–f); venter of body not piceous; spermatheca unknown ------------ P. australiensis , new species (in part)

13'. Aedeagus gradually widening toward apex which is broadly rounded ( Fig. 22k ); elytra and venter of body always dark piceous, appendages pale yellow; spermatheca ( Figs. 28e , 29c ) with sinuate body and widely separate proximal and distal ends ---------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. nigra , new species

14(11). Aedeagus shape from lateral view with sinuate curvature ( Figs. 23b, f ; 27a, e ) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 15

14'. Aedeagus shape from lateral view broadly curved or with weak curvature ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16

15(14). Aedeagus very long with apex much narrower than base and very strong sinuate curvature ( Figs. 23a–b ; 27a ) ---------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. sinuatipenis , new species

15'. Aedeagus relatively short with apex approximately as wide as base and weak sinuate curvature ( Figs. 23e–f ; 27e ) -------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. demiensis , new species

16(14). Aedeagal apex with distinct point or arrowhead (e.g., Figs. 22 c­d; 25b; 26e) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17

16'. Aedeagal apex rounded or truncate, without arrowhead ----------------- 18

17(16). Aedeagal apex with constriction, making spadelike appearance ( Figs. 22c–d , 25b, 26e); spermathecal body strongly curved with proximal and distal apices very close to one another ( Figs. 28a–c, g–h ); body averages 3.5 mm and nearly always longer than 3.0 mm ------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- P. fuscipennis Weise (in part)

17'. Aedeagal apex without constriction, not appearing spadelike ( Figs. 22a–b , 25e–f); spermatheca unknown; body length averages 2.53 mm, never over 3.0 mm ------- P. australiensis , new species (in part)

18(16). Aedeagus with broadly rounded apex with oblong impression on ventral face, gradually tapering to apex ( Fig. 23c–d ); spermatheca unknown; elytra with humeri darkened on most specimens and suture darkened narrowly at extreme edge --------- P. cookensis , new species

18'. Aedeagus long with slight constriction anteapically ( Fig. 25c); spermatheca as in P. howdeni , but with imbricate surface sculpturing ( Figs. 28j , 32a ); head piceous; pronotum strongly expanded antemedially ( Fig. 14a ) -------------------------------------------------------- P. suturalis Weise

Figures

Fig. 23. Aedeagi of Pedethma species. a) P. sinuatipenis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, ventral view; b) P. sinuatipenis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, lateral view; c) P. cookensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, ventral view; d) P. cookensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, oblique lateral view; e) P. demiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, ventral view; f) P. demiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, lateral view; g) P. pinnipenis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, ventral view; h) P. humeromaculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, ventral view; i) P. humeromaculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, dorsal view.

Fig. 27. Aedeagi of Pedethma species. Scale = 0.5 mm. a) P. sinuatipenis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; b) P. humeromaculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; c) P. pinnipenis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; d) P. australiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; e) P. demiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; f) P. seymourensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species.

Fig. 17. Pedethma kurandensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, dorsal habitus of dark morph.

Fig. 18. Pedethma kurandensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, dorsal habitus of pale morph.

Fig. 19. Pedethma maculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, dorsal habitus.

Fig. 20. Pedethma weisei Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, dorsal habitus.

Fig. 21. Pedethma pubescens Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, dorsal habitus.

Fig. 16. Dorsal habitus of Pedethma species. a) P. malandensis Weise; b) P. sinuatipenis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; c) P. cookensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; d) P. demiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; e) P. pinnipenis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; f) P. humeromaculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; g) P. seymourensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species.

Fig. 24. Aedeagi of Pedethma species. a) P. malandensis Weise, ventral view; b) P. australiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species, ventral view.

Fig. 22. Aedeagi of Pedethma species. a) P. australiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species (dark morph); b) P. australiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species (pale morph); c) P. fuscipennis Weise; d) P. fuscipennis Weise; e) P. pubescens Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; f) P. howdeni Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; g) P. kirejtshuki Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; h) P. kurandensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; i) P. maculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; j) P. weisei Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; k) P. nigra Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species.

Fig. 28. Spermathecae of Pedethma species. a) P. fuscipennis Weise (dark morph of Allyn River locality); b) P. fuscipennis Weise (pale morph of Allyn River locality); c) P. fuscipennis Weise (Dilgry River locality); d) P. howdeni Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; e) P. nigra Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; f) P. maculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; g) P. fuscipennis Weise; h) P. fuscipennis Weise; i) P. pubescens Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; j) P. suturalis Weise; k) P. kurandensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species (dark morph); l) P. kurandensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species (pale morph).

Fig. 30. Spermathecae of Pedethma species. g) P. howdeni Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; h) P. fuscipennis Weise (Dilgry River locality); i) P. fuscipennis Weise; j) P. fuscipennis Weise; k) P. kurandensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species (dark morph); l) P. kurandensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species (pale morph).

Fig. 14. Dorsal habitus of Pedethma species. a) Pedethma suturalis Weise; b) P. australiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species (dark morph); c) P. australiensis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species (pale morph); d) P. maculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; e) P. fuscipennis Weise (light morph); f) P. pubescens Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species.

Fig. 29. Spermathecae of Pedethma species. a) P. fuscipennis Weise (dark morph of Allyn River locality); b) P. fuscipennis Weise (pale morph of Allyn River locality); c) P. nigra Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; d) P. maculata Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; e) P. pubescens Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; f) P. suturalis Weise.

Fig. 32. Spermathecal surface sculpturing in Pedethma. a) P. suturalis Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species; b) P. howdeni Lingafelter and Konstantinov, new species.