Paranthrenella cinnamoma, Yu & Gao & Kallies & Arita & Wang, 2021

Yu, Tiantian, Gao, Lei, Kallies, Axel, Arita, Yutaka & Wang, Min, 2021, A new species of the genus Paranthrenella Strand, 1916 (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) from China, Zootaxa 4920 (1), pp. 123-130 : 124-128

Paranthrenella cinnamoma sp. nov.

( Figs 1–12 )

Type material. Holotype. 1³. China, Shanghai, Pudong district , V.2019, Lei Gao leg. ( SCAU).

Paratypes. 1³, 1♀, same locality as holotype, V .2020, Lei Gao leg. ( SCAU); 1³, China, Jiangsu Prov. Suqian, Shuyang county , 06. V .2020, Lei Gao leg. ( SCAU); 1♀, China, Guizhou Prov., Guiyang, Denggaoyunshan Forest Park, 26°61’77.64” N 106°74’58.27” E, 24. VI .2019, Zhou Chang leg. ( SCAU); 1♀, China, Zhejiang Prov., Tonglu, 23. V .2011 ex Cinnamomum camphora (NMST) ; 1³, China, Hunan, Xiangton, Shigu, Dingfeng , 600 m, 3.VIII.2011 (gen. prep. AK 846) ( CAK); 1³ , China, Guangdong, Lianzhou, Dadongshan , 650 m, 16–17. V .2010, on flowers of Ligustrum sinensis (NSMT) .

Description. Holotype ( Figs 1–2 ). Alar expanse 23 mm; body length 13.5 mm; forewing 11 mm; antenna 9 mm.

Head: Antenna black with blue sheen, dorsally with a few white scales medially, ventrally with yellow scales medially; scapus with a few yellow scales; frons white; vertex dark brown to black, scattered with a few yellow scales; labial palps dark yellow dorsally, with a few black scales externally, ventrally covered with yellow scales; pericephalic scales yellow.

Thorax: Black dorsally, yellow laterally and ventrally; patagia black dorsally, laterally yellow, with a narrow yellow stripe anterior-dorsally; tegula black, with a broad interior margin jointed with a large yellow elongate spot at base of forewing; mesothorax medially with a yellow stripe and divided into V-shaped in metathorax; metathorax densely covered yellow scales in posterior third, with yellow long hairs laterally. Forewing transparent with bluish violet sheen; costal margin black, scattered with yellow scales, basally with a few white scales; anal margin yellow in basal half; discal spot black, relatively narrow, with a few yellow scales distally; veins black; outer margin dark brown; apical area dark brown to black with yellow sheen; ETA divided into five cells; PTA reaching proximal margin of discal spot; cilia dark brown. Hindwing transparent with bluish violet sheen; discal spot, veins and outer margin black; discal spot cuneiform; cilia dark brown externally and pale yellow anally.

Legs with fore femur yellow; fore tibia black dorsally with purple sheen, with a narrow yellow stripe interiorly, ventrally yellow, with a few black scales basally; fore tarsus yellow, mixed with a few black scales dorsally; mid and hind femora yellow dorsally, with a few black scales at base, ventrally black with purple sheen, with yellow scales basally and a narrow stripe interiorly; mid tibia and tarsus yellow with golden sheen; hind tibia yellow, ventrally mixed with a few black scales, basally with a large black spot distally; spurs yellow; hind tarsus yellow with golden sheen, densely covered with black scales on distal two tarsomeres dorsally, basal tarsomere mixed with a few black scales exterior-dorsally.

Abdomen: Black with bright blue sheen; tergite 1 yellow in posterior half; tergites 2, 3, 5, 6 and 7 each with a narrow yellow stripe posteriorly; tergite 4 with a broad stripe distally, broadened laterally; sternites yellow, scattered with a few black scales; anal tuft black mixed with yellow scales medially and laterally, ventrally black, with a few yellow scales medial-distally.

Male genitalia ( Figs 7–8 ): Tegumen-uncus complexed relatively broad and short; socii and scopula androconialis well developed; crista gnathi medialis long and finger-shaped; crista gnathi lateralis oval, broad and long; valva relatively elongate; crista sacculi undeveloped, entirely not separated from sensory field of setae; ventral crista low and short, covered with short dentate setae; saccus narrow, relatively slender; phallus extremely narrow, about as long as valva; vesica with numerous, irregular cornuti.

Female paratypes ( Figs 3–6 ). Alar expanse 24–25 mm (n = 2); body length 14 mm (n = 2); forewing 12 mm (n = 2); antenna 8 mm (n = 2).

Basal half of antenna dorsally yellow, mixed with a few black scales, ventrally yellow, black in apical quarter. Forewing with a yellow spot at basal-dorsally; posterior transparent area exceeding distal margin of discal spot. Tergite 4 with a broad yellow stripe; sternites entirely yellow, without black scales; anal tuft yellow ventrally. Other characters identical to those of male.

Female genitalia ( Figs 9–10 ). Papillae anales relatively narrow, covered with short setae; 8 th tergite broad; apophysis posterior slightly longer than apophysis anterior; antrum narrow and long, well sclerotized, slightly shorter than apophysis posterior, ductus seminalis arises just from anterior margin of antrum; ductus bursae longer than antrum, bursae copulatrix oval, without signum.

Diagnosis. Superficially this new species is close to P. koshiensis Gorbunov & Arita, 1999 , P. albipuncta Gorbunov & Arita, 2000 and P. helvola Liang & Hsu, 2019 . From the male of the first species compared, the new species can be separated by features of the forewing: the constitution of the ETA (divided in to five cells in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., ETA divided into six cells in P. koshiensis ), the length of the stalk of R 4 and R 5 (about 1.5 times longer in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. than in P. koshiensis ), the coloration of the abdomen (tergite 1 yellow, mixed with a few black scales, tergite 4 with a narrow yellow stripe distally, sternites yellow with a few black scales and annal tuft with yellow scales medially and laterally in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., tergite 1 black densely mixed with yellow scales, tergite 4 with a broad yellow stripe distally and sternites black, sternites 3–7 each with a broad yellow stripe and anal tuft black, with two yellow spots medially in P. koshiensis ) and the structure of the male genitalia (crista gnathi medialis finger-shaped in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., semi-oval in P. koshiensis ; crista gnathi lateralis larger and broader in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. than in P. koshiensis ; valva in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. is narrower than in P. koshiensis ; crista sacculi is undeveloped in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. but well-developed, nearly flat and covered with bifurcate setae in P. koshiensis ; ventral crista in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. shorter than in P. koshiensis ). From the female of P. koshiensis , the new species differs by the abdomen (tergites 6 with a narrow yellow stripe in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., tergite 6 with a broad stripe in P. koshiensis ). The male of P. cinnamoma sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from the male of P. albipuncta by its antenna (black with a few white scales medial-dorsally in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., while with a large yellow spot at apical quarter in P. albipuncta ), the coloration of the abdomen (tergite 1 yellow, with a few black scales anteriorly and sternites yellow, scattered with a few black scales in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., tergite 1 black, mixed with a few yellow scales medially, and sternites yellow, with admixture of dark brown scales on sternite 3 in P. albipuncta ) and the genitalia characters (tegumen-uncus complexed in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. shorter and broader than in P. albipuncta ; crista gnathi medialis long and finger-shaped in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., short, semi-oval in P. albipuncta ; crista gnathi lateralis in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. broader and larger than in P. albipuncta ; saccus slender with a blunt base in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., shorter and broader, with a flat base in P. albipuncta ). Male P. cinnamoma sp. nov. differs from male P. helvola by their forewing features (posterior transparent area reaching proximal margin of discal spot in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., exceeding proximal margin of discal spot in P. helvola ), the coloration of the abdomen (stripes of tergites 3 and 4 are narrower than those of P. helvola ). In addition, P. cinnamoma sp. nov. is easily distinguishable from P. helvola by the male genitalia characters (tegumen-uncus complexed short and broad, crista gnathi medialis thick and finger-like, and crista gnathi lateralis broad and long in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., tegumen-uncus complexed longer and narrower, crista gnathi medialis short, with sinusoid margin, and crista gnathi lateralis shorter and narrower in P. helvola ; in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. valva more slender than that of P. helvola ; ventral crista rectangular, covered with dentate setae in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. while it is dentate and covered with triangular setae in P. helvola ; in P. cinnamoma sp. nov. saccus with a blunt base, wider and with a flat base in P. helvola ). From the female of P. helvola , this new species can be separated by the coloration of the antenna (dorsally yellow in basal half in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., entirely black dorsally in P. helvola ), the forewing features (PTA is exceeding distal margin of discal spot in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., reaching the proximal margin in P. helvola ) and the abdomen (tergites 3, 5 and 6 each with a narrow yellow stripe in P. cinnamoma sp. nov., tergites 3, 5 and 6 each with a broad yellow band posteriorly in P. helvola ).

Distribution. China (Shanghai, Jiangsu Prov., Zhejiang Prov., Guangdong Prov., Hunan Prov. and Guizhou Prov.).

Remarks. The larvae of this species bore into the bark and trunks of two known Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) species: C. camphora (L.) Presl and C. platyphyllum nursery. The adults emerge from early May to October. One female was collected from the flower of Castanopsis sp. ( Fagaceae ). P. cinnamoma sp. nov. usually infests the lower part of the trunk of the host trees, where frass can be observed. As Cinnamomum is widely distributed and commercially used in urban landscape in southern China, the possible damage of P. cinnamoma sp. nov. might be serious.

Etymology. This new species is named after the host genus Cinnamomum Schaeff (Lauraceae) .

Molecular data. The barcode of Paranthrenella cinnamoma sp. nov. (658 bp fragment of COI; accession number: MW315912 ) was deposited in GenBank.

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Paranthrenella cinnamoma sp. nov. 1–2. Holotype, Ƌ, Shanghai, alar expanse 23 mm; 3–4. Paratype, ♀, Guizhou Prov., alar expanse 25 mm (SCAU); 5. Paratype, ♀, Shanghai, alar expanse 24 mm (SCAU); 6. Paratype, ♀, Zhejiang Prov. (NMST).

FIGURES 7–8. Male genitalia of Parathrenella cinnamoma sp. nov. 7. Paratype. Shanghai. Gen. prep. LS10-0304 (SCAU). Scale bar: 1 mm; 8. Paratype. Zhejiang Prov. Gen. prep. AK 846 (CAK).

FIGURES 9–10. Female genitalia of Parathrenella cinnamoma sp. nov. 9. Paratype. Shanghai. Gen. prep. LS10–0303 (SCAU). 10. Paratype. Guizhou Prov. Gen. prep. LS10–0302 (SCAU). Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIGURES 11–12. Biology. 11. Male adult of Parathrenella cinnamoma sp. nov. 14.VI.2019. Fengxian, Shanghai. Photo by Q. Wang; 12. Larva of Parathrenella cinnamoma sp. nov. in barks of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl. Shanghai.