Papilio machaon schantungensis Eller, 1936

Hu, Shao-Ji, Cotton, Adam M., Lamas, Gerardo, Duan, Kuang & Zhang, Xin, 2023, Checklist of Yunnan Papilionidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) with nomenclatural notes and descriptions of new subspecies, Zootaxa 5362 (1), pp. 1-69 : 39

61a. Papilio machaon schantungensis Eller, 1936

Papilio machaon schantungensis Eller, 1936 ; Abh. bayer. Akad. Wiss. (N.F.), 36: 41, pl. 7, f. 38; TL: ‘Tsingtau ... Kiautschau ... Tschifu ... Fokien’ [Shandong ... K ... T ... Fujian, China].

Papilio machaon var. hippocrates forme chinensis Verity, 1907; Rhop. Pal., (11/12): 108, pl. 3, f. 2; TL: ‘ Vench-uan et Traku, Set-chouen occ.’ [Wenchuan and Lixian, W. Sichuan, China]. [IFS]

Papilio machaon chinensis v. neochinensis Sheljuzhko, 1913 ; Dt. ent. Z. Iris , 27 (1): 15; TL: ‘Ta-tsien-lu’ [Kangding, W. Sichuan, China]. [IFS]

Papilio machaon chinensis Bang-Haas, 1933 ; Ent. Z., 47 (11): 90; TL: ‘Vench-nan [sic] et Traku, Setzschwan occ.; Washan, China centr.; Kiou-kiang’ [Wenchuan and Lixian (W. Sichuan); Washan (W. Sichuan); Jiujiang (Jiangxi), China]; [Elevation of IFS name to subspecies]; [JH of Papilio paris chinensis Rothschild, 1895 ( Papilionidae )].

Papilio machaon kunkalaschani Eller, 1939 ; Z. Indukt. Abst. Vererb., 77 (1): 149. [NN]

Papilio machaon venchuanus Moonen, 1984 ; Papilio Int. , 1 (3): 47; [replacement for Papilio machaon chinensis Verity, 1907 ]. syn. nov.

Papilio machaon rizvangul Koçak & Kemal, 2000 ; Misc. Pap. Centre ent. Stud., (71): 2; [replacement for Papilio machaon chinensis Eller, 1936 [sic]]. syn. nov.

Distribution: found in the lowlands of N.E. Yunnan; widely distributed in C. to E. China.

Note: The populations of Papilio machaon from Sichuan to eastern China are indistinguishable, thus the names venchuanus Moonen, 1984 and rizvangul Koçak & Kemal, 2000 are junior synonyms of the oldest available subspecies name, Papilio machaon schantungensis Eller, 1936 (syn. nov.). The male and female genitalia of the three species are evidently different. In male genitalia, the shape of valves in P. everesti and P. verityi are more rounded than that in P. machaon (more angular), and the shapes of the superuncus are different as well. The superuncus of P. everesti is less curved and blunt in lateral view, while in P. verityi and P. machaon , it is evidently curved and acute in lateral view, in P. verityi it is also much longer. The harpes and juxta of the three species are also different to a certain extent ( Figures 10 , 12 and 14 ). The shape of the sclerotized plates on lamella antevaginalis are more evidently different in female genitalia, with those in P. machaon are the broadest and largest, in P. verityi they are the narrowest and longest, while those of P. everesti are the smallest and shortest ( Figures 11 , 13 and 15 ).

Figures

FIGURE 10. Female genitalia of Byasa genestieri genestieri (Oberthür, 1918) stat. nov. from Yangbi, Yunnan, China. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 11. Comparison of two subspecies of Meandrusa payeni (Boisduval, 1836) found in Yunnan, China. A: ♂, M. payeni amphis (Jordan, 1909) from Mengla, S. Yunnan; B: ♀, ditto; C: ♂, M. payeni langsonensis (Fruhstorfer, 1901) from Hekou, S.E. Yunnan; D: ♀, ditto, Hekou, S.E. Yunnan. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 12. Males of (A) Papilio everesti alpherakyi O. Bang-Haas, 1933 comb. nov. from Deqen, Yunnan, China; (B) Papilio verityi Fruhstorfer, 1907 stat. nov. from Kunming, Yunnan, China; and (C) Papilio machaon schantungensis Eller, 1936 from Yanjin, Yunnan, China. Scale bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 13. Male genitalia of Papilio everesti alpherakyi O. Bang-Haas, 1933 from Deqen,Yunnan, China.All: whole genitalia with right valve removed, R.: ring, V.: right valve, TSU: tegumen, socii, and uncus, Ae.: aedeagus, Ju.: juxta. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 14. Female genitalia of Papilio everesti alpherakyi O. Bang-Haas, 1933 from Deqen, Yunnan, China. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURE 15. Male genitalia of Papilio verityi Fruhstorfer, 1907 stat. nov. from Kunming, Yunnan, China. All: whole genitalia with right valve removed, R.: ring, V.: right valve, TSU: tegumen, socii, and uncus, Ae.: aedeagus, Ju.: juxta. Scale bar = 1 mm.