Ophiuroglypha fendouzhe, Nethupul & Stöhr & Zhang, 2023

Nethupul, Hasitha, Stöhr, Sabine & Zhang, Haibin, 2023, Deepest known novel species of the genus Ophiuroglypha Hertz, 1927 (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from the central rift zone, Philippine Sea, European Journal of Taxonomy 891, pp. 167-185 : 176-178

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.5852/ejt.2023.891.2281
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A8753CAC-F181-4E6D-82F3-F4A456025447
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8382617
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/31A4A22F-7F61-4510-BF10-67851B458559
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:31A4A22F-7F61-4510-BF10-67851B458559
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Ophiuroglypha fendouzhe
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Ophiuroglypha fendouzhe View in CoL sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:31A4A22F-7F61-4510-BF10-67851B458559

Figs 1–5 View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig View Fig

Diagnosis

Disc pentagonal, covered by large irregular overlapping scales. Radial shields broad, slightly wider than long, triangular, barely connected to each other at distal end, and proximal half separated by one elongated disc scale ( Fig. 3A–C View Fig ). Ventral disc covered by large, overlapping scales, slightly larger than dorsal disc ( Fig. 3D View Fig ). Jaw slender, large, contiguous, pair of pointed ventralmost teeth at apex, and up to five lateral oral papillae ( Fig. 3E View Fig ). Second oral tentacle pore large, opening outside mouth slit with four adoral shield spines and five ventral tentacle scales ( Fig. 3E–F View Fig ). Arms slender. Dorsal and ventral arm plates separated ( Fig. 3F–H View Fig ). Tentacle pores absent after seven or nine arm segments ( Fig. 3I View Fig ).

Etymology

The specific name is dedicated to the manned submersible vessel ‘Fendouzhe’, which collected the specimen.

Material examined

Holotype PHILIPPINE SEA • central rift zone; 16º56.74′ N, 129º44.33′ E; depth 7729 m; 20 Sep. 2021; collecting event: stn. SC043; Fendouzhe msv leg.; GenBank: ON783074 ; preserved in 95% ethanol; IDSSE-EEB-SW0250 GoogleMaps .

Paratypes

PHILIPPINE SEA • 1 specimen; same collection data as for holotype; GenBank: ON783074 ; preserved in 95% ethanol; IDSSE-EEB-SW0251 GoogleMaps • 3 specimens; same collection data as for holotype; preserved at -80°C; IDSSE-EEB-SW0252 to IDSSE-EEB-SW0254 GoogleMaps .

Description

MEASUREMENTS. Disc diameter 10 mm, arm base width 0.9 mm, and arm length 56 mm ( Fig. 3 View Fig ).

DISC. Disc pentagonal, covered by large irregular, and polygonal overlapping scales ( Fig. 3A–C View Fig ). Centrodorsal primary plate rounded in disc center ( Fig. 3C View Fig ). Radial shields broad, slightly wider than long, triangular, barely connected to each other at distal end, sharp pointed proximal edge, straight distal edge, and proximal half separated by one elongated disc scale (k-plate) ( Fig. 3A, C–D View Fig ). Median distal interradial area of disc formed by four to five large scales (⅓ larger than other dorsal disc scales), most of them rounded rectangular ( Fig. 3C View Fig ). Ventral disc covered by large, overlapping scales, slightly larger than on central dorsal disc ( Fig. 3B, E–F View Fig ). Distal end of genital slit bordered by small pointed genital papillae forming arm comb ( Fig. 3E–F View Fig ). Oral shield as wide as long, triangular, slightly convex at distal end, and connected to genital slit ( Fig. 3E View Fig ). Adoral shields small, narrow, rectangular, slightly curving outward from oral shield, contiguous proximally, and distally connected to first lateral arm plate ( Fig. 3E View Fig ). Jaw slender, large, contiguous, with pair of pointed infradental papillae at apex, and spearhead-shaped teeth ( Fig. 3E View Fig ). Up to five lateral oral papillae. Distalmost papilla (ventral compartment plate) much broader than others, and proximal two to three papillae spearhead-shaped to oval, and distal lateral oral papilla (buccal scale) lesspointed and broader ( Fig. 3E View Fig ). Second oral tentacle pore large and opening outside mouth slit, with five ventral tentacle scales and four adoral shield spines at each side. Genital slits conspicuous and extending from oral shield to disc periphery ( Fig. 3E–F View Fig ).

ARMS. Five slender, and non-moniliform arms. Dorsal arm plates small, diamond-shaped, straight to slightly fan-shaped with convex distal edge, pointed proximal edge, as wide as long, and widely separated, except on first and second arm segments ( Fig. 3D, G View Fig ). First two ventral arm plates slightly wider than long, pentagonal, and contiguous. Following ventral arm plates wider than long, pentagonal to triangular, distally straight to slightly curved, proximally triangular, and increasingly separated along arm ( Fig. 3E–F, H View Fig ). Lateral arm plate with mostly three and rarely four arm spines. All arm spines small, smooth, pointed tip, similar in length, and approximately ½ arm segment long ( Fig. 3G–L View Fig ). Distally, middle arm spine slightly curved inwards ( Fig. 3I–L View Fig ). First tentacle pore with three or four tentacle scales ( Fig. 3F–L View Fig ). Second and third tentacle pores with four to two tentacle scales ( Fig. 3F View Fig ). Fourth to fifth tentacle pores with three to one tentacle scales ( Fig. 3F View Fig ). Number of tentacle scales decreases to one scale, and absent after seven or nine arm segments ( Fig. 3H, L View Fig ).

COLOR. Creamy white in alcohol specimen ( Figs 3 View Fig , 5 View Fig ).

OSSICLE MORPHOLOGY. (IDSSE-EEB-SW0251) Three arm spine articulations placed at distal edge of lateral arm plate, with clear muscle opening and small nerve opening ( Fig. 4A–B View Fig ). Tube foot pore developed as large within-plate perforation on lateral arm plates from base to middle part of arm, where tentacle scales begin to disappear from arm segments ( Fig. 4A–B View Fig ). Middle half of inner side of lateral arm plate with depression and two round knobs ( Fig. 4C View Fig ). Vertebrae with moderate zygospondylous articulation, proximal end with podial basins ( Fig. 4D–H View Fig ). Dorsal side of vertebrae distally triangular and proximally slightly curved, shallow longitudinal groove along midline ( Fig. 4F–H View Fig ). Ventral side of vertebrae with long and broad ambulacral groove with pair of lateral ambulacral canals ( Fig. 4F–H View Fig ).

Paratype variations

Four paratype specimens were collected from the same location. They are similar to the holotype (disc diameters 8.0–10.0 mm), but one paratype has a sub-pentagonal disc and an obvious round centrodorsal primary plate ( Fig. 5A View Fig ).All paratypes are identical to the holotype with respect to the other morphological characters and this small variation is considered intraspecific ( Fig. 5 View Fig ).

Distribution and habitat

So far only known from the type locality.