Neochya nitidissima ( Chujo , 1935) Lee, 2020

Lee, Chi-Feng, 2020, Revision of Taiwanese species of Atrachya Chevrolat, 1836 (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae): descriptions of three new genera, two new species, and designations of three new synonyms, ZooKeys 940, pp. 117-159 : 117

Neochya nitidissima ( Chujo, 1935) comb. nov. Figures 9 , 10

Luperodes nitidissimus Chûjô, 1935: 161; Chûjô 1962: 228.

Atrachya nitidissimus : Kimoto, 1966: 30 (additional records); Kimoto 1969: 55(additional records).

Luperodes bicoloripennis Chûjô, 1938: 138; Chûjô 1962: 227 (redescription). syn. nov.

Atrachya bicoloripennis : Kimoto, 1969: 55: (additional records); Kimoto 1986: 58 (additional records); Kimoto 1987: 190 (additional records).

Atrachya bicolor [sic!]: Kimoto, 1989: 257 (additional records).

Luperodes saramao Chûjô, 1962: 230. syn. nov.

Atrachya saramao : Kimoto, 1989: 257 (additional records).

Types.

Luperodes nitidissimus . Holotype ♀ (SDEI): "Kankau (Koshun = 恆春) / Formosa / H. Sauter V. 1912 [p, w] // Luperodes / nitidissimus / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // Holotype [p, w, red letters]". Paratypes. 1♀ (TARI): "Formosa / Koshun, 1918 / IV 25-V 28 / J. Sonan, [p, w] // Allotype [h, w, red letters] // Luperodes / nitidissimus / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // 2966 [p, w]"; 1♀ (TARI): "Formosa / Koshun, 1918 / IV 25-V 28 / J. Sonan, [p, w] // Paratype [h, w, red letters] // Luperodes / nitidissimus / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // 2967 [p, w]".

Luperodes bicoloripennis . Lectotype ♂ (TARI, here designated): "Arisan (阿里山) / FORMOSA/ 24-25.V.1933 / Col. M. CHUJO [p, w] // CO / Type [p, w, circular label with yellow letters] // Luperodes / bicoloripennis / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // 1383 [p, w]". Paralectotypes: 1♀ (TARI), same data as holotype but with “1382”; 1♂ (TARI): "Arisan [h] / FORMOSA [p] / 22.X.1931 [h] / COL. M. CHUJO [p, w] // CO / Type [p, w, circular label with yellow letters] // Luperodes / bicoloripennis / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // 1381 [p, w]"; 1♀ (TARI), same but with “1373”; 1♂ (SDEI): "Arisan / FORMOSA / 24-25.V.1933 / COL. M. CHUJO [p, w] // Luperodes / bicoloripennis / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // Syntypus [p, r]" 1♀ (SDEI), same but with "25.V.1933 [p]"; 1 (TARI, sex undetermined, abdomen lost): "ARISAN / XII.1915 [h] / Coll. M. Maki [p, w] // CO / Type [p, w, circular label with yellow letters] // Luperodes / bicoloripennis / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // 1493 [p, w]"; 1♂ (TARI): "Formosa / Musha (霧社), 1919 / V 18-VI 15. / T. Okuni, [p, w] // CO / Type [p, w, circular label with yellow letters] // Luperodes / bicoloripennis / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // 2587 [p, w]"; 1♀ (TARI), same but with “1492”. One specimen (♀, TARI) bearing type label: "Jujiro (十字路, in Chiayi) / 26-IV 1931 / Col. T. Shiraki [p, w] // CO / Type [p, w, circular label with yellow letters] // Luperodes / bicoloripennis / Chûjô [h] / DET. M. CHUJO [b, w] // 1494 [p, w]". It cannot be included in the type series since the data did not appear in the original description ( Chûjô 1938).

Luperodes saramao . Holotype ♂ (KUEC): "13 VIII 1936 / Mururoahu (給里洛山 =見晴山) / --- Kussya (庫霞 = 大同) / TAIHEIZAN (太平山) [p, pink label] // Luperodes / saramao / Chûjô [h, w] // Holotype [h, r]".

Other material.

Form A (N = 84). Chiayi: 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), Alishan (阿里山), 12.V.2011, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 29.V.2016, leg. B.-X. Guo; 5♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), Shihshan channel (石山引水道), 23.XI.2013, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 21.I.2017, leg. W.-C. Liao; 8♂♂, 8♀♀ (TARI), Tzuchung (自忠), 21.IX.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; Kaohsiung: 1♂ (TARI), Tienchih (天池), 17.V.2015, leg. B.-X. Guo; Nantou: 2♂♂ (TARI), Fenghuangshan (鳳凰山), 10.V.2010, leg. Y.-T. Wang; 2♂♂ (TARI), Hsitou (溪頭), 6.V.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (NMNS), Shanlinchi (杉林溪), 10.V.1990, leg. C.-C. Chiang; 2♀♀ (NMNS), same locality, 19.V.1991, leg. C.-C. Chiang; 2♂♂, 3♀♀ (TARI), Tatachia (塔塔加), 9.VI.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 21.VII.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 21.IX.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 2♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 29.X.2009, leg. H. Lee; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 30.X.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 17.XI.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 29.XII.2009, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 4♂♂, 4♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 17.XI.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 3♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 27.IV.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 17.V.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 2♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 13.VII.2014, leg. W.-C. Liao; Taichung: 1♂ (TARI), Anmashan (鞍馬山), 6-9.VII.1979, leg. L.-Y. Chou; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 18.X.2008, leg. H. Lee; 2♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 15.X.2009, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 7.VI.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee.

Form B (N = 255). Hsinchu: 1♀ (TARI), Kuanwu (觀霧), 30.IV.2009, leg. Y.-F. Hsu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 19.VIII.2009, leg. Y.-F. Hsu; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 5.XI.2009, leg. H. Lee; 27♂♂, 7♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 30.IV.-1.V.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee & M.-H. Tsou; 1♂ (TARI), 3.VI.2011, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♂ (TARI), Talulintao (大鹿林道), 17.II.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 25.III.2009, leg. Y.-L. Lin; 2♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 23.VI.2016, leg. Y.-L. Lin; Hualien: 2♂♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), Tayuling (大禹嶺), 2.VI.2016, leg. Y.-T. Chung; Miaoli: 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), Hsuehchien (雪見), 7.VI.2013, leg. W.-B. Yeh; 4♂♂ (TARI), Leshan (樂山), 14.VIII.2010, leg. H.-J. Chen; Nantou: 5♂♂, 3♀♀ (TARI), Huakung (華岡), 12.-13.IX.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 17.VI.2016, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), Lienhuachi (連華池), 23.-26.V.1980, leg. K.-S. Lin & B.-H. Chen; 3♂♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), Meifeng (梅峰), 10.V.1979, leg. K.-C. Chou; 2♂♂, 4♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 20.-22.VI.1979, leg. K.-S. Lin & B.-H. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 23.V.-3.VI.1979; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 18.VII.1979, leg. K.-C. Chou; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 2.-12.X.1979; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 24.X.1979, leg. K.-C. Chou; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 2.-4.VI.1980, leg. L.-Y. Chou & C.-C. Chen; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 5.-8.VI.1980, leg. C.-C. Chen; 2♂♂, 4♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 8.VI.1980, leg. K.-S. Lin & B.-H. Chen; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 9.-16.VI.1980, leg. K.-S. Lin & B.-H. Chen; 6♂♂, 3♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 22.V.1982, leg. L.-Y. Chou; 3♂♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 4.-7.X.1982, leg. K.-C. Chou; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 19-21.IV.1983, leg. K.-C. Chou & S.-P. Huang; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 30.VII.1983, leg. L.-Y. Chou; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 8.-11.V.1984, leg. K.-C. Chou & C.-C. Pan; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 23.VII.1984, leg. K.-S. Lin; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 3.-15.X.1990, leg. C. K. Starr; 2♂♂ (NMNS), same locality, 27.II.1992, leg. Y.-C. Shiau; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 6.VIII.-11.IX.2001, leg. C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Yang; 5♀♀ (NMNS), same locality, 15.IV.-7.V.2003, leg. C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Yang; 2♀♀ (NMNS), same locality, 7.V.-11.VI.2003, leg. C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Yang; 1♂ (NMNS), same locality, 4.XI.-15.XII.2003, leg. C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Wang; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 6.IV.-11.V.2004, leg. C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Yang; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 5.X.-16.XI.2004, leg. C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Yang; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 12.IV.3.V.2005, leg. C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Yang; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 20.II.2009, leg. M.-L. Chan; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 18.V.2009, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 15.IX.2009, leg. H. Lee; 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 15.IX.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 17.VI.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee; 2♂♂, 3♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 20.IV.2011, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 30.V.2011, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 25♂♂, 18♀♀ (TARI), Peitungyanshan (北東眼山), 16.IX.2013, leg. F.-S. Huang; 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 28.III.2014, leg. F.-S. Huang; 3♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 14.IV.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (NMNS), Piluchi (碧綠溪), 4.XII.1991, leg. Y.-C. Shiau; 1♂ (NMNS), same locality, 15.-31.III.1998, leg. M.-M. Yang; 3♂♂, 3♀♀ (TARI), Sungkang (松崗), 15.-17.VIII.1984, leg. K.-C. Chou; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 18.IV.2015, leg. B.-X. Guo; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 10.IV.2016, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 2.VI.2016, leg. B.-X. Guo; 1♂, 3♀♀ (TARI), Tsuifeng (翠峰), IV.1984, leg. K.-S. Lin & K.-C. Chou; 1♂ (NMNS), Tunyuan (屯原), 29.IV.1992, leg. W.-T. Yang; 4♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 18.X.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 30.IV.2017, leg. Y.-F. Hsu; 1♂ (NMNS), Yuanfeng (鳶峰), 5.VII.-2.VIII.2005, leg. C.-S. Lin & W.-T. Yang; Taichung: 9♂♂, 9♀♀ (TARI), Anmashan (鞍馬山), 6.-9.VII.1979, leg. L.-Y. Chou; 1♀ (NMNS), same locality, 1.V.1990, leg. C.-C. Chiang; 2♂♂ (NMNS), same locality, 3.V.1992, leg. C.-Y. Li; 1♂, 1♀ (NMNS), 22.IV.1998, leg. M.-M. Yang & H.-T. Chan; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 16.VII.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 7.VI.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 23.VII.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen; 9♂♂, 10♀♀ (TARI), Fushoushan (福壽山), 3.V.2016, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♀ (NMNS), Nanhushi (南湖溪), 10.-11.VI.1988, leg. K.-W. Huang; 1♂ (TARI), Pilu (畢祿), 22.IV.2015, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), Wuleng (武陵), 27.-29.VI.1979, leg. K.-S. Lin & L.-Y. Chou; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 6.IV.2014, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 15.VIII.2014, leg. M.-H. Tsou.

Form C (N = 85). Hsinchu: 1♂ (TARI), Sumakusu (司馬庫斯), 26.IX.2009, leg. H.-J. Chen; Hualien: 1♀ (TARI), Kuanyuan (關原), 7.V.2006, leg. Y.-F. Hsu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 2.VII.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 2.VI.2016, leg. Y.-T. Chung & B.-X. Guo; 1♂ (NMNS), Kuanyun (觀雲), 13.V.2005, leg. J.-H. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 19.VI.2010, leg. W.-P. Chan; 1♀ (TARI), Pilu (碧綠), 9.VII.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 10.IV.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 13.VI.2014, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 23.IV.2015, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 14.V.2015, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 7.VII.2015, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 22.VII.2015, leg. U. Ong; 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), Sungyuan (松苑), 19.V.2018, leg. H.-F. Lu; 1♂ (TARI), Tayuling (大禹嶺), 6.-9.IX.1983, leg. L.-Y. Chou & K.-C. Chou; Kaohsiung: 2♀♀ (TARI), Chungchihkuan (中之關), 16.IV.2012, leg. L.-P. Hsu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 12.X.-6.XII.2012, leg. L.-P. Hsu; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 31.VII.2015, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), Tengchih (藤枝), 2.-5.VI.2008, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 7.-10.XI.2008, leg. C.-T. Yao; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 6.II.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 23.III.2009, leg. H. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), 26.V.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 6.VIII.2013, leg. B.-X. Guo; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 8.III.2014, leg. W.-C. Liao; 3♂♂, 3♀♀ (NMNS), Tona (多納), 28.IV.1998, leg. M.-L. Chan; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 2.VIII.2017, leg. B.-X. Guo; Miaoli: 1♂ (TARI), Hsuehchien (雪見), 12.III.2013, leg. W.-B. Yeh; 2♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 7.VI.2013, leg. W.-B. Yeh; 2♀♀ (NMNS), Taian (泰安), 19.XII.1989, leg. K.-W. Huang; Nantou: 1♂, Tunyuan (屯原), 12.VII.2014, leg. J.-C. Chen; Pingtung: 1♂ (TARI), Peitawushan (北大武山), 22.IX.2012, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 25.VI.2018, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀ (TARI), Tahanshan (大漢山), 20.VII.2007, leg. C.-F. Lee; 3♂♂, 8♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 6.II.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou & S.-F. Yu; 3♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 3.III.2008, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 4.VII.2008, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 3♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 22.I.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 24.I.2009, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 5.IV.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 26.XI.2009, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♀ (TARI), 15.II.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 14.IV.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 14.XII.2011, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 19.XI.2012, leg. J.-C. Chen; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 26.III.2013, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 3.IV.2013, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 3♂♂ (TARI), same locality, 17.III.2014, leg. Y.-T. Chung & J.-C. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 2.III.2015, leg. Y.-T. Chung; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 24.III.2017, leg. Y.-T. Chung; Taichung: 1♂ (TARI), Pilu (畢祿), 18.VI.2010, leg. C.-F. Lee; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 2.VI.2016, leg. J.-C. Chen.

Form D (N = 44). Chiayi: 4♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), Laichitashan (來吉塔山), 19.III.2009, leg. H. Lee; Hsinchu: 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), Leetungshan (李棟山), 15.III.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 4♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 27.X.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♀ (TARI), Mamei (馬美), 4.V.2008, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♀ (TARI), Taikang trial (泰崗林道), 8.IX.2013, leg. Y.-L. Lin; Ilan: 1♀ (TARI), Suyuan (思源), 15.IV.2009, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 9.VI.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 12.IX.2010, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 11.VIII.2014, leg. H. Lee & J.-C. Chen; 1♂ (TARI), same locality, 30.VII.2015, leg. H. Lee; 1♀ (TARI), Taipingshan (太平山), 13.VI.2007, leg. Y.-C. Chang; Pingtung: 1♀ (TARI), Kenting (墾丁), 23.VIII.2016, leg. Y.-T. Chung; Tainan: 1♂ (TARI), Kantoushan (崁頭山), 17.VI.2012, leg. W.-C. Liao; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), Meiling (梅嶺), 28.XII.2008, leg. U. Ong; Taipei: 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), Fushan (福山), 19.VI.2007, leg. M.-H. Tsou; 1♂ (TARI), Houtung (侯硐), 25.V.2009, leg. J.-C. Chen; Taoyuan: 1♂ (TARI), Lalashan (拉拉山), 7.VIII.2008, leg. H.-J. Chen; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 30.X.2008, leg. S.-F. Yu; 2♂♂, 2♀♀ (TARI), same locality, 8.III.2009, leg. S.-F. Yu; 1♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 2.IV.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee & H.-J. Chen; 4♂♂, 1♀ (TARI), same locality, 14.V.2009, leg. C.-F. Lee; Yunlin: 1♀ (TARI), Shihpishan (石壁山), 26.IV.2015, leg. W.-C. Liao.

Form E (N = 1). Pingtung: 1♂ (TARI), Peitawushan (北大武山), 25.VI.2018, leg. Y.-T. Chung.

Redescription.

Length 5.6-7.0 mm, width 2.9-3.8 mm. General color extremely variable, with five distinct color patterns (see variation). Antennae (Fig. 10A ) filiform in males, ratio of length of antennomeres I to XI 1.0: 0.4: 0.4: 1.0: 1.1: 1.1: 1.1: 1.0: 1.1: 0.9: 1.0; ratio of length to width from antennomere I to XI 3.6: 1.6: 1.8: 4.1: 5.0: 5.3: 5.9: 5.1: 5.9: 5.2: 5.4; similar in females, ratio of length of antennomeres I to XI (Fig. 10B ) 1.0: 0.4: 0.4: 1.0: 1.1: 1.0: 1.1: 1.0: 1.0: 0.9: 1.0; ratio of length to width from antennomere I to XI 3.6: 1.8: 2.1: 4.5: 5.3: 5.2: 5.4: 5.5: 5.5: 5.0: 5.8. Pronotum 1.90-1.94 times wider than long; lateral margins slightly rounded, basal margin slightly rounded, apical margin slightly concave; disc with dense minute punctures, but without lateral depressions. Elytra 1.36-1.40 times longer than wide; lateral margins rounded, widest at middle; disc moderately convex, with dense, minute punctures; apex truncate. Penis (Fig. 10C-E ) wide, ca. 3.8 times longer than wide; lateral margins rounded, widest at basal 1/3; apex broadly rounded; tectum elongate from apical 1/6 to middle, parallel-sided, apex broadly rounded; slightly and apically curved in lateral view; ventral surface with membranous area from apex to apical 1/4; with one small rounded process on lateral margin at apical 1/4. Endophallic spiculae complex with six or seven pairs of hooked spiculae (visible in dorsal view), one additional pair of hooked spiculae near middle with four or five ventral branches; with one pair of longitudinal rows of hair-like setae and small rounded sclerites near base. Gonocoxae (Fig. 10F ) slender, tightly conjunct from apical 1/6 to middle; each gonocoxa with eight setae from apical 1/6 to apex, subapically widened, apex narrowly rounded, base deeply bifurcate. Ventrite VIII (Fig. 10G ) weakly sclerotized except apex, with several short and long setae at apex, and several long setae at sides, spiculum elongate. Spermathecal receptaculum (Fig. 10H ) as slender as pump, apically tapering; pump slender and curved; sclerotized spermathecal duct extremely elongate, but base wide, followed by slender tube, then with inflated areas. Bursal sclerites reduced.

Variation.

Color pattern divided into four forms. Form A (Fig. 9A, B ) (described as one form of Atrachya bicoloripennis ): general color black; but apical 2/3 white, abdomen reddish brown. Form B (Fig. 9C, D ): similar to form A, but white area replaced with red (described as another form of A. bicoloripennis ). Form C (Fig. 9E, F ) (described as A. saramao ): similar to form B, but elytra entirely reddish brown, meso-and metathoracic ventrites reddish brown; some individuals have paler femora and antennae. Form D (Fig. 9G, H ) (described as typical form of A. nitidissima ): body color reddish brown, but antennae, tibiae, and tarsi darker. Form E (Fig. 9I ): similar to form A, but apical 1/3 of elytra black.

Diagnosis.

Neochya nitidissima ( Chûjô) is similar to N. chengi sp. nov. in having wide elytra, truncate elytral apices and reduced lateral depressions on the pronotum (Figs 4 , 9 ) (narrow elytra, rounded elytra apices and with lateral depression on the pronotum in others (Figs 2D-F , 7 ) but differs from N. chengi sp. nov. in rounded elytra and having reduced punctures on the pronotum and fine punctures on the elytra (Fig. 9 ) (parallel sided elytra and coarse punctures on pronotum and elytra in N. chengi sp. nov. (Fig. 3 )). In addition, males of both species are separated from others with smooth margin of tectum of the penis (Figs 5C , 10C ) (serrate margin of tectum (Figs 8C , 12C ), but males of N. nitidissima differs from those of N. chengi with small rounded process on lateral margin of the penis (Fig. 10C-E ) (lacking small rounded process on lateral margin of the penis in N. nitidissima (Fig. 5C-E ). Atrachya bicoloripennis (Forms A and B: Fig. 9A-E ) and A. saramao (Form C: Fig. 9E, F ) have distinct color patterns which are different from typical form N. nitidissima (Form D: (Fig. 9G, H )). All of they are synonyms with no doubt based on examination of the penis.

Remarks.

The holotype of Luperodes nitidissimus was described as a male ( Chûjô 1935), but it is actually a female.

Food plants.

Celastraceae : Celastrus kusanoi Hayata, C. hindsii Benth., Euonymus spraguei Hayata (Fig. 1D ).

Distribution.

Widespread in Taiwan. Most individuals with different color patterns can be separated based on distributions (Fig. 11A ) except for the single form E. Members of form A occur at high elevation (> 2000 m) in south Taiwan, including Chiayi, south Nantou, and Kaohsiung counties. Those of form B also occur at high elevation (> 2000 m) but in central Taiwan, including Hsinchu, Miaoli, north and central Nantou, Taichung and Hualien counties. Those of form C occur at middle elevations (1000-2000 m) in central and south and east Taiwan, including Hsinchu, Miaoli, Taichung, Nantou, Kaohsiung, Pingtung, and Hualien counties. Those of form D occur at middle elevations (1000-2000 m) in north Taiwan, including Taipei, Taoyuan, Hsinchu, and Ilan counties, as well as lowlands (<1000 m) in central and south Taiwan, including Yulin, Tainan, and Pingtung counties. Coexistence of two different color patterns was observed in some areas, such forms A and B at Anmashan (鞍馬山); forms B and C at Hsuehchien (雪見), Tayuling (大禹嶺), and Tunyuan (屯原); forms C and E at Peitawushan (北大武山).

Figures

Figure 1. Habitat photographs A adult of Neochya chengi sp. nov. feeding on leaves of Celastrus hindsii B adult of N. hirashimai C Celastrus kusanoi, food plant for Neochya species D adult of N. nitidissima feeding on leaves of Euonymus spraguei E adult of N. tsoui resting on underside of leaves of Euonymus spraguei F Euonymus spraguei, food plant for Neochya species.

Figure 2. Habitus of Atrachya menetriesii and Neochya tsoui A A. menetresii, male, dorsal view B same, male, color variation C same, female, dorsal view D N. tsoui, male, dorsal view E same, ventral view F same, female, dorsal view.

Figure 3. Diagnostic characters of Atrachya menetriesii A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D aedeagus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view F abdominal ventrite VIII G gonocoxae H bursal sclerites I spermatheca.

Figure 4. Habitus of Neochya chengi sp. nov. A male, dorsal view B same, color variation C female, dorsal view D male, from Tahanshan (大漢山), dorsal view E same, ventral view F female, from Kenting (墾丁), dorsal view.

Figure 5. Diagnostic characters of Neochya chengi sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D aedeagus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view F gonocoxae G abdominal ventrite VIII H spermatheca.

Figure 7. Habitus of and Neochya hirashimai A male, from Tatachia (塔塔加), dorsal view B same, ventral view C female, from Tatachia (塔塔加), dorsal view D male, from Liyuan (栗園), dorsal view E same, ventral view F female, from Liyuan (栗園), dorsal view.

Figure 8. Diagnostic characters of Neochya hirashimai A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D aedeagus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view F gonocoxae G abdominal ventrite VIII H spermatheca.

Figure 9. Habitus of Neochya nitidissima A form A, female, from Alishan (阿里山), dorsal view B same, ventral view C form B, male, from Kuanwu (觀霧), dorsal view D same, ventral view E form C, female, from Pilu (碧綠), dorsal view F same, ventral view G form D, female, from Taikang trial (泰崗林道), dorsal view H same, ventral view I form E, male, from Peitawushan (北大武山), dorsal view.

Figure 10. Diagnostic characters of Neochya nitidissima A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D aedeagus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view F gonocoxae G abdominal ventrite VIII H spermatheca.

Figure 11. Distribution map of Neochya species, solid line: 1000 m, broken line: 2000 m A N. nitidissima Blue Dots = Form A, red dots = form B, green dots = form C, gray dots = form D, pink dots = form E B N. tsoui sp. nov.

Figure 12. Diagnostic characters of Neochya tsoui sp. nov. A antenna, male B antenna, female C aedeagus, dorsal view D aedeagus, lateral view E aedeagus, ventral view F gonocoxae G abdominal ventrite VIII H spermatheca.