Monopelopia paranaense, Oliveira, Caroline Silva Neubern De, Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Silva, Mário Antônio Navarro Da, 2010

Oliveira, Caroline Silva Neubern De, Mendes, Humberto Fonseca & Silva, Mário Antônio Navarro Da, 2010, A new species of the genus Monopelopia from South Brazil, with keys to the Neotropical – Nearctic species (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae), Zootaxa 2420, pp. 53-62 : 54-60

Monopelopia paranaense sp. n.

( Figs 1–22 )

Type material. Holotype: male with larval and pupal exuviae ( UFPR) Brazil, Parana State, Piraquara, Mananciais da Serra, 25º29’36.2’’S, 48º58’46.2’’W, 11.xi.2008, Oliveira, C.S.N & Gava, A. Paratypes: 4 males with larval and pupal exuviae, and 5 females with larval and pupal exuviae same data as holotype.

Diagnostic characters. The following combination of characters distinguishes the new species among all other Monopelopia : adult male with brown genitalia, second palpomere with long pale setae, middle tibia with long preapical seta, wing length, gonostylus shorter than 104 µm; pupa with genital sac smaller than anal lobe, plastron plate elongated and reaching at least one third of the total length of the thoracic horn, respiratory atrium with narrow lumen and four lateral setae on segment VII; larva with second antennal segment brown, AR c. 3.2, posterior parapods with spinules at the apex, one dark brown hooked claw with three inner teeth and one dark brown simple apical tooth.

Etymology. Named after the Parana State, Brazil.

Description. Adult male (n = 5) Figs 1–12

Total length 3.10–3.31, 3.18 mm. Wing length 1.75–1.87, 1.85 mm. Total length/wing length 1.67–1.77, 1.74. Wing length / length of profemur 2.75–2.79, 2.77.

Coloration. Head, pedicel, antenna and thorax yellowish. Wings with membrane brownish, with macrotrichia on veins and with spot in part anterior of squama. Legs brownish. Tergites I–V with broad oral brown band; T VI brown, T VII and VIII brown with anal pale band; genitalia brownish.

Head ( Figs 1–4 ). Antenna with 14 flagellomeres, AR 1.26–1.40, 1.33, flagellomere 13 450–490, 463 long, apical flagellomere 80–87.5, 83. Vertex bristle single. Temporal setae 15–16, coronal setae 2 ( Fig. 4 ). Eye bare, dorsomedian extension with 3–4 facets, eyes separated by 8 facets diameters. Clypeus 88–92, 90 long and 75–84, 80 wide at largest part, bearing 16–17 setae. Tentorium ( Fig. 2 ) 168 long, stipes not measurable. Cibarial pump ( Fig. 3 ) with anterior margin weakly concave, 205–210, 208 long and with orifice 50–58, 54 from apex. Palpomeres lengths 1–5: 38–45, 42; 50–63, 57; 163–183, 172; 150–165, 156 and 218–250, 239. Palpomere 2 with all setae long, pale, longest 78–95.

Thorax ( Figs 6, 7 ). Antepronotal lobe ( Fig. 7 ) with 1 median seta, 4–5 lateral setae and prominence above lateral setae. Dorsocentrals uniserial anteriorly, biserial between vittae, uniserial posteriorly. Acrostichals biserial, diverging evenly posteriorly, reaching middle of prescutellar field. Pa 10–16, 12; Su 1; Scts 12–17, 14.

Wing ( Fig. 5 ). VR 0.92–1.0, 0.95. Brachiolum with 2–4 setae. C 1.55–1.70, 1.64 mm long. Sc 0.72–0.82, 0.78 mm long. R1 0.62–0.72, 0.68 mm long. R4+5 0.93–1.08, 1.01 mm long. RM 0.54–0.55, 0.54 mm and MCu 0.51–0.55, 0.52 mm long, both 0.42–0.44, 0.43 mm distant from arculus.

Legs ( Figs 8–10 ). Fore leg. Width at apex of tibia 41–46, tibia with apical spur ( Fig. 10 ) 38–50, 43 long and 3 preapical setae 100–148, 126, tarsomeres1–4 without preapical pseudospur, tarsomere5 with small seta 28–30, 29 long, situated at base of claw. Mid leg. Width at apex of tibia 40–47.5, 44 tibia with apical spur ( Fig. 9 ) 53–58, 55 long and 1 preapical seta 130–143, 137 long, tarsomeres1–3 with two preapical pseudospurs with 60–91, 72; 48–55, 51; 43–50, 47 respectively, tarsomere4 with one pseudospur 30–35, 33, tarsomere5 with small seta 25–28, 26 long. Hind leg. Width at apex of tibia 43–50, 47, tibia with apical spur ( Fig. 8 ) 60– 68, 64 long; comb with 7 setae, first left setae separated from remaining setae, shortest seta 35–52, 42 long, longest seta 56–75, 69, tarsomere1 with two preapical pseudospurs with 52–75, 61, tarsomere2 with one preapical pseudospur with 43–45, 44, tarsomere5 with small seta 30 long. Lengths and proportion of legs in Table 1.

fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5

p1 640–680, 740–780, 610–670, 430–470, 310–320, 190–200, 102.5–110,

663.3 755 650 447.5 312.5 196.8 106.3

p2 850–880, 720–750, 830–860, 420–470, 300–320, 190–210, 200 105–115, 108

860 732.5 837.5 452.5 310

p3 650–700, 900–990, 690–740, 400–460, 300–310, 187.5–200, 102.5–107.5,

675.13 942.5 712.5 420 307.5 194.3 105.6

Hypopygium ( Figs 11, 12 ). Tergite IX with 4–5 setae on each side. Anal point conical, 43–65, 51 long and 68–75, 71 μm wide at base. Phallapodeme 30–40, 35; lateral sternapodeme 65–77, 71 long. Gonocoxite 148– 155, 152 long, with long setae. Gonostylus 98–103, 100 long, megaseta 10–15, 12 long. HR 1.48–1.56, 1.52; HV 3.0–3.31, 3.17.

Adult female (n = 5) Fig. 13

Total length 1.95–2.0, 1.98 mm. Wing length 1.59–1.62, 1.61 mm. Total length/wing length 1.23. Wing length/ length of profemur 2.53–2.70, 2.61.

Coloration. Head, pedicel and antenna yellowish. Wings with membrane brownish, with macrotrichia on veins and with spot in part anterior of squama. Legs brownish. Tergites with central brown band. Seminal capsules brownish.

Head. Antenna with 11 flagellomeres, AR 0.30–0.38, 0.34, flagellomere 10 52.5–55, 54 long; apical flagellomere 96–105, 101 long. Temporal setae 13. Eye bare, dorsomedian extension with 2–3 facets, eyes separated by 8 facets diameters. Clypeus 94–95, 94 long and 73–95, 83 wide at largest part, bearing 21–25, 22 setae. Tentorium 130 long, stipes not measurable. Cibarial pump as in male, 212–238, 228 long, with orifice 50–55, 53 from top. Palpomeres lengths 1–5: 43–50, 45; 53–60, 56; 168–188, 178; 178–190, 183 and 193. Palpomere 2 with all setae long pale, longest 48–90.

Thorax. Antepronotal lobe with 1 median seta, 3 lateral setae and prominence above lateral setae. Dc and Ac as in male, Pa 12–13, Su 1, Scts 23–25.

Wing. VR 1.0. Brachiolum with 2–4 setae. Squama with 17 setae. C 1.45–1.50, 1.48 mm long. Sc 0.54– 0.62, 0.59 mm long. R1 0.62–0.68, 0.64 mm long. R4+5 0.95–0.99, 0.96 mm long. RM and MCu 0.42–0.44, 0.42 mm from arculus.

Legs. Fore leg. Width at apex of tibia 38–47.5, 42.5, tibia with apical spur 42.5–57.5, 49 long and 4 preapical setae 75–147.5, 111, tarsomeres1–4 without preapical pseudospur, tarsomere5 with small seta 27.5–30, 29 long. Mid leg. Width at apex of tibia 50–55, 53, tibia with apical spur 52.5–57.5, 55 long and 1 preapical seta 110–127.5, 121 long, tarsomeres1-3 with two preapical pseudospurs 55–67.5, 62; 47.5–55, 51.5; 42.5 long respectively, tarsomere4 with one pseudospur 32.5–48, 38, tarsomere5 with small seta 33 long. Hind leg. Width at apex of tibia 48–50, 49, tibia with apical spur 65–70, 68 long and comb with 7 setae; first left seta removed separated from other setae, shortest seta 40–55, 46 long, longest seta 58–87, 68 long, tarsomere1 with two preapical pseudospurs 60–63, 61 long, tarsomere2 with one preapical pseudospur with 43–47, 46 long, tarsomere5 with one little seta 33–43, 38 long. Lengths and proportion of legs as in Table 2.

Genitalia ( Fig. 13 ). Gonapophysis VIII 70 –83, 76 long. Tergite IX 190 long, coxosternapodeme 80 long. Tergite X with 13 setae on each side. Cerci small, 19–23, 21 long, 41–43, 42 wide. Labia with inconspicuous microtrichia. Notum 108–138, 119 long. Seminal capsules oval, length 78–88, 84, maximum width 43–58, 50, internal surface without microtrichia. Length ratio SCa/No 0.64–0.78, 0.71.

Pupa (n = 10) Figs 14–17

Male abdomen 2.6–2.75, 2.65 mm; female abdomen 2.75–2.87, 2,8 mm long. Length of thoracic horn / length of longest anal macrosetae 0.65–0.88, 0.75. Exuviae yellowish brown, thoracic horn brown and plastron plate brownish.

Cephalothorax ( Fig. 14 ). Wing sheath smooth, 0.98–1.0, 1.0 mm long and 0.36–0.46, 0.39 mm wide. Thoracic horn 360–380, 373 long, maximum width 35–42, 39; without a narrow neck connected to the plastron plate; plastron plate 120–155, 138 long; respiratory atrium 230–240, 233 long, with narrow lumen 7.5–8.7, 7.9 wide, surface of thoracic horn and plastron plate with spines. Surface of cephalothorax without shagreenation.

fe ti ta1 ta2 ta3 ta4 ta5

p1 6 0 5 – 6 4 0, 6 9 0 – 7 1 0, 5 9 0 – 6 2 0, 370 2 4 0 – 2 5 0, 1 5 0 – 1 7 0, 1 0 0 – 11 0,

618.33 703.33 606.67 246.67 160 103.33

p2 8 1 0 – 8 6 0, 7 1 0 – 7 9 0, 7 5 0 – 7 8 0, 3 7 0 – 4 0 0, 250–250.5 – 162. 5 – 180, 100–110, 105

840 740 770 386.67 250.17 174.17

p3 6 6 0 – 7 0 0, 8 9 0 – 9 4 0, 6 9 0 – 7 0 0, 3 8 0 – 3 9 0, 2 7 0 – 2 9 0, 1 6 0 – 1 9 0, 100 676.67 910 696.67 386.67 281.67 180

continued.

LR BV SV BR

p1 0.83–0.88, 0.86 2.14–2.22–2.19 2.13–2.23, 2.18 3.75–4.12, 3.92 p2 0.99–1.08, 1.04 2.47–2.70, 2.57 2.01–2.12, 2.0 3.89–5.44, 4.93 p3 0.74–0.78, 0.77 2.33–2.45–2.41 2.23–2.34, 2.28 3.54–4.17, 3.90 Abdomen ( Figs 15–17 ). AI without shagreen, AII with shagreen as in Figure 16 and AIII–IX with shagreen as in Figure 17 . AI with scar 133–168, 145 long. Abdominal chaetotaxy as in Figure 15 , AVII with L2 bigger than other. AVII with 4 lateral setae, LS1 103–128, 117. AVIII with 5 lateral setae, LS1 78–90, 84. Anal lobe 360–390, 373 long, with two anal macrosetae 430–550, 497 long, outer margins spinulate, inner margins with or without spinules. Genital sac smaller than anal lobe, with 340–350, 347 long with transparent apex.

Larva (n = 10) Figs 18–22

Head pale yellow. Second antennal segment brown. Ligula with teeth dark brown. Body transparent, posterior parapod with one dark brown hooked apical claw, one dark brown simple apical claw and the others yellowish.

Head capsule ( Figs 18–21 ). Total length 580–730, 647; width 440–540, 493. Chaetotaxy as in Figure 18 ; S8 seta can change its position. A1 290–310, 301 long, ring organ 140–158, 149 from the base, A2 75–88, 83 μm long. AR 3.13–3.35, 3.21. Maxillary palp 50–53 long, 10 wide; ring organ 22–23 from base, A1/P1 5.8– 6.1, 5.95, A2/P1 1.50–1.75, 1.63. Mandible ( Fig. 19 ) length 80–103, 94, with 3 lateroventral setae and 1 sensillum campaniformium, basal tooth 33–35, 33 from apex and with seta subdentalis, accessory tooth present, A1/MD 2.98–3.63, 3.22. Pseudoradula ( Fig. 20 ) approximately 63 long. Ligula ( Fig. 21 ) 75–83, 79 long at maximum width 43, anterior toothed margin concave, It/ O 0.75, Mt/ O 0.63, muscle attachment 25 – 28, 26 long, bifid paraligula 40–45, 43 long, pecten hypopharyngis with 7–8 teeth.

Body ( Fig. 22 ). Procercus 108–117, 112 long; 25–33, 30 wide; with 7 anal setae, L/ W 3.38 –4.3, 3.79. Supraanal seta simple. Anal tubules not measurable. Posterior parapods with hooklets at apex, large claw with fine inner; one smaller hooked claw with 3 inner teeth ( Fig. 22 ).

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 10. Monopelopia paranaense sp. n., adult male. 1: head, 2: tentorium, 3: cibarial pump, 4: temporal setae, 5: wing, 6: thorax, 7: antepronotal lobe, 8: apex of hind tibia, 9: apex of mid tibia, 10: apex of fore tibia.

FIGURES 11 – 13. Monopelopia paranaense sp. n. adults. 11 - 12: male hypopygium dorsally (11) and ventrally (12, right side); 13: female genitalia.

FIGURES 14 – 17. Monopelopia paranaense sp. n., pupa. 14: thoracic horn, 15: abdominal tergites with chaetotaxy, 16: shagreen of segment II, 17: shagreen of segments III – IX.

FIGURES 18 – 22. Monopelopia paranaense sp. n., larva. 18: head capsule, with position of cephalic setae and sensory pore, left ventral aspect and right dorsal aspect; 19: mandible; 20: dorsomental tooth and pseudoradula; 21: ligula, paraligula and pecten hypopharyngis; 22: claws of posterior parapods.