Mniotype adjuncta adjuncta ( Moore, 1881 )

Volynkin, Anton V., Matov, Alexei Yu., Behounek, Gottfried & Han, Hui-Lin, 2014, A review of the Palaearctic Mniotype adusta (Esper, 1790) species-group with description of a new species and six new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Zootaxa 3796 (1), pp. 1-32 : 8-10

Mniotype adjuncta adjuncta ( Moore, 1881) stat. n.

( Figs 23, 24 , 67, 68 , 89 , 104 , 105 )

Hadena adjuncta Moore, 1881 , Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1881: 357 (Type locality: [Himalaya, India, Himachal Pradesh] «Dalhousie»).

Type material examined. Holotype. Photographs of the holotype: female, “Dalhousie N.W., Himalaya” / “ Type ” / “Moore Coll. 94-106” / “1958 | 139” / “ Hadena adjuncta type Moore”, prep. A. Giusti (Coll. BMNH). The species has been described by single specimen ( Moore 1881), which is preserved in BNHM, London.

Other material examined. 1 male, 1 female, Pakistan, 2020 m, Himalaya Mts, Kaghan valley, n. Dzhelkhats village, 13–14.ix.1998, leg. P. Gyulai & A. Garai (Coll. PGM); 1 male, Pakistan, 2330 m, Himalaya Mts, Khagan valley, Tathabaya, 73°26’ E, 34°36’ N, 11–12.ix.1998, leg. P. Gyulai & A. Garai (Coll. PGM); 1 male, 1 female, Indien, Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, N Manali, S Rothang La, 2400–2800 m, 9–10.vii.2000, Grieshuber leg. (Coll. PGM); 1 female, Pakistan, Karakoram Mts, Naltar valley, 2800 m, 74°12’ E, 36°09.6’ N, 21.vi.1998, leg. Gy. Fábián & B. Herczig (Coll. BBT); 1 male, Pakistan, Hindukush Mts, 5 km E of Shandur pass, 3250 m, 72°38’ E, 36°07’ N, 23.viii.2001, leg. B. Benedek & G. Ronkay (Coll. HNHM); 1 female, Pakistan, Himalaya Mts, 3200 m, Kaghan valley, 12 km E of Naran Battakundi, 73°40’ E, 34°57’ N, leg. B. Herczig, Gy. M. Lászlo & G. Ronkay (Coll. HNHM); 2 males, Pakistan, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, near Junkar, 10–20.viii.2009, 4200–4500 m, leg. V. Gurko (Coll. AFM).

Slides AV0792 Volynkin, GB 12100m, GB 12101m, GB 12103m Behounek (males), AV0776 Volynkin, GB12097f, GB12102f Behounek (females).

Note. The taxon adjuncta was treated by authors ( Boursin 1964; Hacker 1990; Hacker & Peks 1990; Ronkay et al. 2001, etc.) as a Himalayan subspecies of M. adusta . We upgrade adjuncta to the distinct species, which differs from M. adusta in a number of stable characters.

Diagnosis. Wingspan 40–45 mm. M. adjuncta adjuncta ( Figs 23, 24 ) externally differs from M. adusta in the relatively longer forewings with a more elongated and pointed apex and monotonous brown colouration. The male genitalia of M. adjuncta adjuncta ( Figs 67, 68 , 89 ) differ from M. adusta in the larger, broader juxta; larger and more angular cucullus; longer ampulla; longer aedeagus; carina with a more pointed apex and slightly jagged dorsal margin, eversible dorso-lateral bar of carina longer, with smaller teeth basally and medianly, band of spinules on terminal diverticulum shorter and narrower. The female genitalia of M. adjuncta adjuncta ( Figs 104 , 105 ) differ from M. adusta in the broader ostium bursae, strongly curved ductus bursae (it often has a lateral fold on the bend), and longer, conical appendix bursae and longer corpus bursae.

Distribution. Himalayan. North India and northeastern Pakistan (West Himalaya and Karakoram Mts).

Mniotype adjuncta cineritia Volynkin, Matov & Behounek , ssp. n. ( Figs 25, 26 , 69, 70 , 106 )

Type material. Holotype: male, Nepal, Annapurna Himal, Thini, 1 km S Jomsom, 3000 m, 83°44' E, 28°46' N, 06–07.vi.1996, leg. Gy. M. László and G. Ronkay / Coll. Lepidoptera, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. Slide AV0791 Volynkin (Coll. HNHM). Paratypes: 2 males, 1 female, with the same data as the holotype (Coll. HNHM); 2 males, the same locality, 8.vii.1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László & G. Ronkay (Coll. HNHM); 1 female, Nepal, Annapurna Himal, Thadung, 3450 m, 83°46’E, 28°46’N, 9.vi.1996, leg. Gy.M. László & G. Ronkay (Coll. HNHM); 8 males, 15 females, Nepal, Dhaulagiri, Muktinath Himal, above Lupra, 3450 m, 13.vi.2012, 2 females, Nepal, Dhaulagiri, above Marpha, 3850 m, Yak Kharka, 15. VI. 2012, leg. Balázs Benedek (Colls BBT and HSV); 2 males, 2 females, Nepal, Annapurna Himal, 2 km SE of Pisang, 3150 m, 11.vi.1996, 84°11’ E, 28° 36’ N, leg. M. Hreblay & Cs. Szabóky (Coll. PGM); 2 females, Nepal, Annapurna Himal, 1 km E of Khangar, 3600 m, 13.vi.1996, 84°00’ E, 28° 40’ N, leg. M. Hreblay & Cs. Szabóky (Coll. PGM); 5 males, 3 females, Nepal, Annapurna Himal, 2 km W of Honge, 3450 m, 12.vi.1996, 84°05’ E, 28° 38’ N, leg. M. Hreblay & Cs. Szabóky (Coll. PGM); 1 male, Nepal, Manangbhot, 28°40' N, 84°01' E, Naurgana, 4100 m, 24.vi. [19]55, leg. F. Lobbichler / Préparation № MM.272, Ch. Boursin / ZSM ♂ Genitalpr. No. 372 / Bleph. adusta adjuncta Moore, ♂, Boursin det. (Coll. ZSM); 1 male, C-Nepal, Kali-Gandaki-Tal Choklopani nördl. Tukche, 2600 m, 19.vi.1973, leg. Dierl-Lehmann / ZSM ♂ Genitalpr. No. 1944 (Coll. ZSM); 1 male, 2 females, Nepal, Annapurna Himal Thini, 1 km S Jomsom, 3000 m, 83°44' E, 28°46' N, 8.vii.1995, leg. G. Csorba, Gy. M. László and G. Ronkay (Coll. GRB); 1 male, Nepal, Annapurna Himal, Thadung, 5 km SE Jomsom, 3450 m, 83°46' E, 28°46' N, 08.vi.1996, leg. Gy. M. László and G. Ronkay (Coll. GRB).

Slides AV0774 Volynkin, ZSM 372, ZSM 1944 Boursin (males), AV0775, AV0792 Volynkin (females).

Diagnosis. The Nepalese populations of M. adjuncta ( Figs 25, 26 ) are morphologically close to the nominotypical North Indian and Pakistani ( Figs 23, 24 ), but differ clearly from them in the more monotonous brownish-grey forewing colouration.

Description. External morphology ( Figs 25, 26 ). Wingspan 34–45 mm. Head, thorax and abdomen brownish grey. Forewing elongated. Ground colour of forewing brownish-grey. Crosslines thin, double. Submarginal line pale, thin, dentate. Marginal line present as a series of black dots between the veins. Basal dash short, thin, black. Claviform small, brownish-grey, with thin black border; medial fascia thin, black. Medial area shadowed posteriorly from claviform and median fascia. Terminal area dark grey or dark brownish grey. Subterminal area inwards from the submarginal line sometimes with brown cuneate streaks between the veins. Cilia dark brownishgrey. Hindwing brownish-grey, discal spot diffuse, semilunar. Cilia brownish-grey. Male genitalia ( Figs 69, 70 ): differ from those of the nominotypical subspecies in the narrower juxta and somewhat more jagged dorsal margin of the carina. Female genitalia ( Fig. 106 ): show no significant differences from M. adjuncta adjuncta .

Distribution. Himalayan. South-East Himalaya ( Nepal).

Etymology. ‘Cineritia’ is ‘ashy gray’ in Latin.

Mniotype juldussica ( Draudt, 1934) , stat. n. ( Figs 27–30 , 71, 72 , 90 , 107–109 )

Crino adusta juldussica Draudt, 1934 , in Seitz: Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 3. Supplement: 139. Synonymy: Mamestra vicina Alphéraky, 1882 (Type locality: [ China, Xinjiang] Kouldja district: Archane, Charkhode), nec. Grote, 1874.

Type material examined. Neotype ( Figs 27 , 107 ). Designated herein for Crino adusta juldussica : “1911.vii, Tian- Shan Centr., Jugum Kuilju” / “Coll. Chetverikov” (printed white labels in Russian). Slide 0 328 Matov. Lectotype ( Figs 28 , 108 ). Designated herein for Mamestra vicina : female, handwritten pink label “Tian Chian 23.vi. 1879 v. Vicina Alph.” / printed white label “Coll. Great Prince Nikolai Mikhailovich”, slide 0 276 Matov. The neotype of Crino adusta juldussica and the lectotype of Mamestra vicina are deposited in Coll. ZISP.

Other material examined: 1 male, [ Tajikistan], 21.ix.1991, Gissarsky Ridge, 30 km N Dushanbe, Kondara village, at light, P.Ya. Ustyzhanin leg. (Coll. SZMN); 1 female, [ Tajikistan], 19.vii.1985, Pamir, Shod vill., at light. A. Nekrasov leg. (Coll. SZMN); 1 female, [ Tajikistan], USSR – Gissarski Khrebet, Dugoba, 22.vi.1984 (Coll. GBG / ZSM); 1 male, 1 female, [ Kyrgyzstan] Kirgizia, Fergana Ridge, Arslan Bob , h- 1600 m, 2–3.vii.2004, Danilevsky leg. (Coll. GBG / ZSM); 2 males, [ Uzbekistan], Turkestanskij Ridge, Zaaminskij reserve, 1950 m, 5–11.vii.1982, A. Nekrasov leg., Gen. N 780, ex coll. A.V. Nekrasov (Coll. ZISP); 2 females, [ Kyrgyzstan], Alaisky Ridge, Dugoba alpine camp, 2200 m, 29.vi.–17.vii.1984, A. Nekrasov leg, ex coll. A.V. Nekrasov (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, Tajikistan, Kzyl-Su river, near mouth of Kichi-Karamuk river, 2100 m, 7.viii.1953, Bundel leg. (Coll. ZISP); 5 males, 2 females, [ Tajikistan], Pamir, Hortus Botanicus, 2340 m, 31.v.–16.vi.1959, M. Zaprjagaev leg. (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, 1 female, same locality and collector, 2300 m, 8–14.v.1967 (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, 2 females, same locality and collector, 2300 m, 20–28.v.1973 (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, [ Tajikistan], Gissarsky Ridge, Anzob pass, 2500 [m], 1.vi.1976, V. Prasolov leg. (Coll. ZISP); 1 female, [ Tajikistan], Gissarsky Ridge, a.l. “Varzob”, 2300 [m], 8.vii.1976, V. Prasolov leg. (Coll. ZISP); 2 females, same locality and collector, 2400 [m], 4.vii.1976 (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, same locality and collector, 2500 [m], 5.vii.1976 (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, [ Tajikistan], Gissarsky Ridge, Takob gorge, 12.viii.1951, Potopolskij leg. (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, [W. China], Kuku-Noor, 1902, E.Rückbeil leg. (Coll. ZISP); 1 male, Tajikistan, Darvaz Mts, near Tavildara vill., 9–18.viii.2006, 1300 m, leg. V. Gurko (Coll. AFM); 1 male, Tajikistan, W Pamir Mts, Rushan distr., 1–10.viii.2002, 3400 m, leg. V. Gurko (Coll. AFM); 1 female, Tajikistan, Gissar Mts, Anzob-pass, 3200 m, 4.vii.2000, leg. O. Pak (Coll. BBT); 2 females, Kyrgyzstan, Tian-Shan, Suusamyr Mts, Ala-Bel' Mt., Tshytshkan river valley, 1650–1700 m, 8.vii.2005, leg. Evgenij Rutjan (Coll. BBT); 1 male, Kyrgyzstan, W Talas Mts, Manas mt., Maidantal, 2400 m, 22.vii.2000, leg. Igor Pljusctch (Coll. BBT); 1 male, Kyrgyzstan, Prov. Batkan, Alai range, Kitshik-Alai Mts, 2750 m, 12–15.vii.2005, leg. E. Rutjan (Coll. BBT).

Slides AV0696 Volynkin, 5837 Behounek (males), AV0697 Volynkin, 4008 Behounek (females), glyceryne preparations of both sexes by Volynkin and Matov.

Notes. Hacker & Peks (1990), Ronkay et al. (2001) and Lehmann & Bergmann (2005) all treated ‘ vicina ’ as a Central Asian subspecies of M. adusta , but our study of its genital morphology shows that these two taxa are not conspecific, and the Central Asian populations are a separate species close to M. adjuncta . Mamestra vicina Alphéraky, 1882 is a junior primary homonym of Mamestra vicina Grote, 1874 ( Poole 1989) . A senior available name for this taxon is Crino adusta juldussica , previously considered as a synonym of M. adusta ( Poole 1989; Hacker 1990; Ronkay et al. 2001). The types of Crino adusta juldussica , as well as the most part of the collection of M. Draudt, which was located in Darmstadt, Germany, have been destroyed during the Second World War. According Draudt (1934), the taxon was known from 'Juldus' [Juldus Valley, Central Tien Shan Mts] and 'Arasagungol' [South Siberia, Sayan Mts]. In the Central Tien Shan and Sayan Mts different species of Mniotype are distributed, so it is obvious that the type series of juldussica was mixed and included at least two species. Because juldussica is a geographical name we decided to treat as juldussica a Central Asian species and not Siberian. The problem lies in the fact that in the Central Tien Shan Mts two species distributed: M. dubiosa and the second described as Mamestra vicina Alphéraky, 1882 . In this situation the designation of the neotype for Crino adusta juldussica is necessary for clarifying the taxonomic status of this taxon. The original description of juldussica ( Draudt 1934) is little informative and has no illustration, nonetheless the features which Draudt gives in the description (blackish gray with reddish suffusion ground colour of forewings; well-defined pattern, sharply defined crosslines, well-defined whitish submarginal line; pale hindwing with well-defined dark semilunar discal spot, medial and terminal lines) indicate conspecifity of juldussica with vicina and not dubiosa having darker brown forewings with diffuse pattern, and darker hindwings. Unfortunately, we could not find the specimens from Juldus, therefore we designate as neotype a specimen from Kuldja ( Figs 27 , 107 ), another locality in the Central Tien Shan.

Diagnosis. Wingspan 39–43 mm. Forewing broad, with pointed apex. Ground colour of forewing pale, varies from greyish brown to ochreous brown or reddish brown. M. juldussica is separated from related species M. adjuncta by a number of external and genital features. Externally ( Figs 27–30 ), it differs from M. adjuncta in the somewhat broader forewings and pale contrasting forewing pattern. The male antennae have longer segments with longer setae than in M. adjuncta . In the male genitalia ( Figs 71, 72 , 90 ) M. juldussica differs from M. adjuncta in the somewhat narrower juxta and weaker band of spinules on terminal diverticulum. The female genitalia of M. juldussica ( Figs 107–109 ) well differ from those of M. adjuncta in the much broader antrum, broader and somewhat shorter ductus bursae, shorter and globe-shaped appendix bursae (in M. adjuncta the appendix bursae is conical) and shorter and broader corpus bursae.

Distribution. Central Asian. Tien Shan massif, Pamir and Alai Mts, northwestern China (Xinjiang).

Figures

FIGURES 21 – 30. Mniotype spp. adults: 21, M. adusta sommeri, male, Iceland (ZISP); 22, ditto, female, Iceland (ZISP); 23, M. adjuncta adjuncta, holotype female, Dalhousie, NW Himalaya (© BMNH) (photo by A. Giusti); 24, ditto, female, Pakistan, Himalaya Mts (HMNH); 25, M. adjuncta cineritia, holotype male, Nepal (HMNH); 26, ditto, paratype female, Nepal (BBT); 27, M. juldussica, neotype female, Central Tien Shan Mts (ZISP); 28, M. juldussica, female, lectotype of Mamestra vicina, Tien Shan Mts (ZISP); 29, M. juldussica, male, Tajikistan, GissarskyRidge (ZISP); 30, M. juldussica, female, Kyrgyzstan, Alai Ridge (ZISP).

FIGURES 63 – 68. Mniotype spp., male genitalia: 63, M. adusta sommeri, Greenland, slide 0 324 Matov; 64, M. a. sommeri, Iceland, slide 0 293 Matov; 65, M. adusta? ssp., Turkey, slide AV 0778 Volynkin; 66, M. adusta? ssp., SE Kazakhstan, slide 5838 Behounek; 67, M. adjuncta adjuncta, N India, Himalaya Mts, slide GB 12103 Behounek; 68, M. a. adjuncta, Pakistan, Himalaya Mts, slide AV 0792 Volynkin.

FIGURES 87 – 96. Mniotype spp., male genitalia: carina. 87, M. lama lama, Kyrgyzstan, slide AV 0681 Volynkin; 88, M. adusta adusta, E Kazakhstan, slide AV 0713 Volynkin; 89, M. adjuncta adjuncta, Pakistan, slide AV 0792 Volynkin; 90, M. juldussica, Tajikistan, slide AV 0796 Volynkin; 91, M. kobyakovi, paratype, Altai Mts, slide AV 0744 Volynkin; 92, M. bathensis, Russia, Altai Mts, slide AV 0513 Volynkin; 93, M. aulombardi, Taiwan, slide AV 0786 Volynkin; 94, M. anilis anilis, Italy, Reg. Lazio, slide GB 8141 m Behounek; 95, M. dubiosa dubiosa, E Kazakhstan, slide AV 0680 Volynkin; 96, M. krisztina, China, Tibet, slide hhl- 2506 - 1 Han.

FIGURES 97 – 104. Mniotype spp., female genitalia: 97, M. lama lama, Kyrgyzstan, slide AV 0033 Volynkin; 98, M. l. kortka, paratype, SE Kazakhstan, slide AV 1122 Volynkin; 99, M. l. etugen, paratype, W Mongolia, slide AV 0673 Volynkin; 100, M. l. ayubaevorum, paratype, Altai Mts, slide AV 0505 Volynkin; 101, M. adusta adusta, Altai Mts, slide AV 0724 Volynkin; 102, M. a. poltavskyi, paratype, N Caucasus, slide 0 296 Matov; 103, M. a. sommeri, Iceland, slide 0 294 Matov; 104, M. adjuncta adjuncta, holotype, Dalhousie, slide A. Giusti (© BMNH) (photo by A. Giusti).

FIGURES 105 – 112. Mniotype spp., female genitalia: 105, M. adjuncta adjuncta, Himalaya Mts, slide AV 0776 Volynkin; 106, M. a. cineritia, paratype, Nepal, slide AV 0791 Volynkin; 107, M. juldussica, neotype, Central Tien Shan Mts, slide 0 328 Matov; 108, ditto, lectotype of Mamestra vicina, slide 0 276 Matov; 109, ditto, Tajikistan, Gissarsky Ridge, slide AV 0697 Volynkin; 110, M. kobyakovi, paratype, Altai Mts, AV 0722 Volynkin; 111, ditto, paratype, Altai Mts, slide AV 0766 Volynkin; 112, M. bathensis, lectotype of Hadena adusta var. moesta, slide GB 7870 f Behounek.

FIGURES 69 – 74. Mniotype spp., male genitalia: 69, M. adjuncta cineritia, holotype, Nepal, Annapurna Himal, slide AV 0790 Volynkin; 70, M. a. cineritia, paratype, Nepal, Muktinath Himal, slide AV 0774 Volynkin; 71, M. juldussica, Tajikistan, Gissar Ridge, slide AV 0696 Volynkin; 72, M. juldussica, Kyrgyzstan, Alai Ridge, glyc. prep. Volynkin; 73, M. kobyakovi, holotype, Russia, Altai Mts, slide AV 0692 Volynkin; 74, M. kobyakovi, paratype, China, Inner Mongolia, slide OP 2277 m Pekarsky (Photo by O. Pekarsky).