Hemitheini, Bruand, 1846

Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert, 2010, An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada, ZooKeys 38 (38), pp. 1-549 : 210-211

Hemitheini

1401 * R Mesothea incertata (Hulst, 1862) M May – E Jun m B – T: Ferguson (1985a), McGuffin (1988)

L: Bowman (1951), Prentice (1963), Ferguson

(1985a), McGuffi n (1988) C: CNC, NFRC,

OLDS, PMAE, UASM

55.4. Archiearinae – infant moths

Medium-sized (25–35 mm wingspan) moths, most of which are brightly colored diurnal moths that fly very early in the spring. Th ey can be distinguished from other geometrids by their relatively stout hairy bodies and small oval eyes. The larvae of some species have more than two pairs of prolegs, but the additional pairs are reduced in size and they still move in the typical looper fashion.

Twelve species of Archiearinae are known worldwide, from colder areas of the northern and southern hemispheres. Two species are known in North America, both of which occur in AB. Th e North American species in the subfamily were treated by McGuffin (1988).

1402 * R Archiearis infans (Möschler, 1862) L Apr – L May m B – T: McGuffin (1988)

L: Bowman (1951), Prentice (1963), McGuffin

(1988) C: CNC, NFRC, OLDS, PMAE, UASM

1403 * R Leucobrephos brephoides (Walker, 1857) L Apr – L May m B g T: McGuffin (1988)

L: Bowman (1951), Prentice (1963), McGuffin

(1988) C: CNC, PMAE, UASM

55.5. Ennominae – ennomine moths

Small to large (20–70 mm wingspan) moths. Th e Ennominae are defined by the absence of M 2 as a tubular vein in the hindwing, but this character is not completely reliable, and the group may not be monophyletic. The genus Alsophila (two Palearctic and one Nearctic species) is included here in the tribe Alsophilini , according to the work of Young (2006). Females of a few species are wingless. Larvae of most species feed on the foliage of trees and shrubs, and a few are pests, including the Fall Cankerworm ( Alsophila pometaria ).

Ennominae is the most species-rich geometrid subfamily in the world, with over 9700 described species. Approximately 750 species are known from North America; 130 have been reported from AB. Th e group is relatively well known. McGuffin (1972, 1977, 1981, 1987, 1988) treated most of the Canadian species; his work was based in large part on a series of revisions of the North American taxa by Rindge and others, which generally provided more detail. Th e Cassymini and Macariini were thoroughly covered for North America by Ferguson (2008). In the Boarmiini , the genera Hesperumia ( Rindge 1974c) , Iridopsis ( Rindge 1966) , and Stenoporpia ( Rindge 1968) have been thoroughly covered. Most Bistonini were covered by Rindge (1975), the Baptini by Rindge (1979), and most Caberini by Rindge (1949, 1956b). Th e Angeronini genera covered elsewhere are Aspitates ( Munroe 1963) , Pero ( Poole 1987) , and Xanthotype ( Rindge 1978) . The Nachophorini genera Gabriola and Animomyia were covered by Rindge (1974a, 1974b). The Lithinini genus Tacparia was treated by Ferguson (1973). Th e Ourapterygini genera covered elsewhere are Enypia ( Evans 1960) , Meris ( Rindge 1981) , Nematocampa ( Ferguson 1993) , Plataea ( Rindge 1976) , and Synaxis ( Ferris and Schmidt 2010) .