Mesabolivar inmanis, Huber, 2018

Huber, Bernhard A., 2018, The South American spider genera Mesabolivar and Carapoia (Araneae, Pholcidae): new species and a framework for redrawing generic limits, Zootaxa 4395 (1), pp. 1-178 : 58-59

Mesabolivar inmanis sp. n.

Figs 147 , 219–222 , 225–226 , 247–248

Diagnosis. Distinguished from most similar known species ( M. madalena ) by male cheliceral armature (smaller proximal apophyses; compare Figs 215 and 219 ), by distinctive shape of posterior margin of epigynal plate ( Figs 225 , 247 ), by epigynal pocket close to posterior epigynal margin, and by internal female genitalia ( Figs 226 , 248 ; without V-shaped sclerite; pore-plate outer margins diverging anteriorly). From other similar relatives ( M. mimoso , M. cyaneomaculatus , M. claricae ) by combination of: armature of male chelicerae ( Figs 219–220 ; presence of distinct proximal apophyses, in contrast to M. cyaneomaculatus and M. claricae ); procursus tip with long prolateral apophysis ( Figs 221–222 ; in contrast to M. mimoso ); by absence of epigynal processes ( Figs 225 , 247 ; in contrast to M. cyaneomaculatus and M. claricae ).

Etymology. The specific name refers to the large size of this species (Latin inmanis = large, frightful); adjective.

Type material. BRAZIL: Espírito Santo: ♂ holotype, 1♀ paratype, MNRJ (14314), 6♂ 12♀ paratypes, ZFMK (Ar 19072), Vargem Alta, Fazenda Monte Verde (20°27.6–28.2’S, 40°59.5’– 41°00.2’W), 1000–1200 m a.s.l., 2– 3.x.2010 (B.A. Huber, A. Pérez-González).

Other material examined. BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro: 1♀ in pure ethanol, ZFMK (Br10-82), same data as types.

Description. Male (holotype)

MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 6.0, carapace width 2.2. Distance PME-PME 150 µm, diameter PME 200 µm, distance PME-ALE 170 µm, distance AME-AME 30 µm, diameter AME 70 µm. Sternum width/length: 1.6/ 1.2. Leg 1: 83.2 (19.5 + 0.9 + 20.0 + 37.7 + 5.1), tibia 2: 14.4, tibia 3: 9.3, tibia 4: 13.7; tibia 1 L/d: 98. Femora 1– 4 width (at half length): 0.28, 0.35, 0.32, 0.30.

COLOR (in ethanol). Carapace ochre-yellow with large brown median mark including posterior part of ocular area; sternum ochre to light brown; legs brown, tips of femora and tibiae lighter (whitish), without dark rings; abdomen greenish gray, dorsally and laterally densely covered with dark marks, ventrally with light brown area in front of gonopore, very indistinct plate in front of spinnerets.

BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 147 , very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus (cf. Figs 148–149 ); ocular area raised; carapace with distinct median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum unmodified.

CHELICERAE. With two pairs of frontal apophyses, proximal pair very small and rounded, distal pair near median line, pointed and very thin in frontal view ( Figs 219–220 ).

PALPS. In general very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus (cf. Huber 2000: figs 813, 816), proximal segments apparently identical in shape but larger (femur length 0.77 vs. 0.67–0.73 in M. cyaneomaculatus ); procursus distal part ( Figs 221–222 ) and bulbal process very similar to M. cyaneomaculatus and M. madalena .

LEGS. Without spines, without curved hairs, few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2.5%; prolateral trichobothrium present on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with>50 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct.

Male (variation). Tibia 1 in five other males: 16.9–17.6 (mean 17.4). Some males with lighter brown legs.

Female. In general similar to male but all leg femora approximately same width. Tibia 1 in 12 females: 13.2– 16.4 (mean 14.3). Epigynum as in Figs 225 , 247 ; anterior plate semicircular, without processes, with distinctive shape of posterior margin (with pair of projections), median pocket close to posterior margin; simple large posterior plate. Internal genitalia as in Figs 226 , 248 , without V-shaped sclerite, pair of large pore-plates in tent-shaped lateral position, converging dorsally, outer margins diverging anteriorly.

Natural history. Most specimens were found in a cave, among rocks and on the cave roof. Outside the cave they built their webs in sheltered spaces under large rocks.

Distribution. Known from type locality in Espírito Santo state ( Brazil) only ( Fig. 727 ).

Note. Astrin et al. (2006) sequenced CO1 of a female specimen from Parque Estadual de Cantareira (23.417°S, 46.617°W), named “sp. 7” (ZFMK, Br03/100-14b). The epigynum of this specimen closely resembles the present species ( Fig. 249 ). However, considering the large geographic distance (670 km) and the absence of further specimens from intermediate localities, this female is here not assigned to the present species but interpreted as representing a different, undescribed species.

Figures

FIGURES 138–149. Live specimens, Mesabolivar togatus group. 138–139. M. togatus (Keyserling, 1891), males from Sooretama (with Arachnocoris bug; arrow) and Santa Maria Madalena. 140. M. baianus sp. n., male from Serra Bonita. 141– 142. M. similis sp. n., male and female from Morro de Pedra.143–144. M. buraquinho sp. n., male from Bonito, female from Mata do Buraquinho.145–146.M.caiporaHuber, 2015,male and femalefrom Serra daItabaiana.147. M.inmanis sp. n., male from Vargem Alta.148–149.M.cyaneomaculatus (Keyserling, 1891), males from Penedo.

FIGURES 215–222. Mesabolivar madalena sp. n. (215–218, ZFMK Ar 19071) and M. inmanis sp. n. (219–222, ZFMK Ar 19072). 215–216, 219–220. Male chelicerae, frontal and lateral views. 217–218, 221–222. Tips of left procursi, prolateral and dorsal views. Scale lines: 0.5 (215–216, 219–220, all chelicerae at same scale), 0.3 (217–218, 221–222; all procursi at same scale).

FIGURES 223–226. Mesabolivar madalena sp. n. (223–224, ZFMK Ar 19071) and M. inmanis sp. n. (225–226, ZFMK Ar 19072). 223, 225. Epigyna, ventral views. 224, 226. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal views (arrow points at V-shaped sclerite). Scale lines:0.5.

FIGURES241–252. Femaleepigyna in ventral views and cleared female genitalia in dorsal views, Mesabolivar togatus group (part2). 241–242.M.bico sp. n. (ZFMK Ar19065).243–244.M.mimoso sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19069).245–246. M.madalenasp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19071). 247–248. M. inmanis sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19072). 249. M. sp. (“sp. 7” in Astrin et al. 2006) (Br03/100- 14b). 250.M.cyaneomaculatus (Keyserling, 1891) (ZFMK Ar 19075). 251–252.M. claricae sp. n. (ZFMK Ar 19083).

FIGURES726–729. Knowndistribution of the Mesabolivar togatusgroup.“?”: dubious recordsof M.togatus, possible record of M. baianus (sub. M. togatus in Machado 2007), and of M. cyaneomaculatus from Paraná (Mello-Leitão 1947b); asterisk: erroneous record of M.togatusfrom Pará in Mello-Leitão (1940a).TL, type locality.