Macropsis fuscula (Zetterstedt, 1828)

Tishechkin, D. Yu., 2019, Leafhoppers of the genus Macropsis Lewis, 1836 (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae: Macropsinae) on Sakhalin - different evolutionary trends in different species, Russian Entomological Journal 28 (2), pp. 107-119 : 114-118

6. Macropsis fuscula (Zetterstedt, 1828)

Figs 48–53 , 119–127, 160–168.

COLORATION. Pale yellow with black spots on head, pro-, and mesonotum. In specimens from the Russian Far East forewings are usually transparent ( Figs 48–49, 51 ), only very occasionally smoky with dark veins ( Fig 50 ). In specimens from Southern Kazakhstan ( Fig. 52 ) and European Russia ( Fig. 53 ) black pattern on head, pro-, and mesonotum is much more developed, forewings are always smoky with dark veins.

MALE ABDOMINAL APODEMES AND PENIS. Abdominal apodemes of 2 nd tergite wide, with rounded or somewhat angular tips, separated by wide round notch (Fig. 119). Sternal apodemes narrow triangular, directed upwards, separated by rectangular notch (Fig. 120). Penis with strongly bent narrow stem in side view (Fig. 121). Males from Sakhalin (Figs 119–121) and the mainland (Figs 122–127) are similar in the shape of apodemes and penis.

HOST PLANTS. In European Russia feeds on Rubus idaeus L., R. caesius L., and R. nessensis W. Hall. , in Southern Kazakhstan was found on R. caesius . On Sakhalin was collected from R. sachalinensis Lévl. , which is closely related to R. idaeus and sometimes is considered as its subspecies ( Yakubov et al., 1996).

MALE CALLING SIGNAL. Calling signal lasts from ca. 5–7 up to 30–40 s and consists of short complex components, which we somewhat conventionally refer to as syllables ( Figs 160–162 ). Normally, syllable repetition period averages 0.9– 1.2 s, occasionally it increases up to 1.7– 2.0 s. The end component of a syllable, a short succession of about 10 pulses, is often partly or completely reduced; as a rule, phrases with different pattern ( Figs 161 and 162 ) present in the same song .

Signals of males from Sakhalin ( Figs 160–162 ), Southern Kazakhstan ( Figs 163–165 ), and European Russia ( Figs 166– 168 ) are similar.

RANGE. Apparently, has a disjunctive range consisting of two geographically isolated parts. Known from Western Europe up to Kazakhstan and Western Siberia (Tomsk Oblast), southwards as far as Lebanon, Transcaucasia, and North Tien Shan Mts. (northern foothills of Zailiysky Alatau Mtn. Range). Was not found in Eastern Siberia, Transbaikalia, and Amur Oblast, but known from two localities in Khabarovsk Krai, from Sakhalin, and Kurile Islands (Kunashir).

REMARKS. As a rule, specimens from Western Palaearctic are distinctly darker than specimens from the Far East, whereas specimens from the mainland and insular parts of the Far East are similar. On Sakhalin this species was found on the Far Eastern species (or subspecies) of Rubus , which is absent in Western Palaearctic .

In morphological and acoustic traits no significant differences between the East and West Palaearctic populations were found.

Figures

Figs 29–53. Macropsis spp: 29–31 — M. remota; 32–38 — M. flavida; 39–47 — M. hinganensis (39–44 — specimens from Sakhalin, 45–47 — specimens from the mainland); 48–53 — M. fuscula (48 — specimen from Sakhalin, 49–50 — specimens from Kunashir, 51 — specimen from Khabarovsk Krai, 52 — specimen from Southern Kazakhstan, 53 — specimen from Moscow Oblast). Рис. 29–53. Macropsis spp: 29–31 — M. remota; 32–38 — M. flavida; 39–47 — M. hinganensis (39–44 — ЭкЗемплЯры с Сахалина, 45–47 — ЭкЗемплЯры с материка); 48–53 — M. fuscula (48 — ЭкЗемплЯр с Сахалина, 49–50 — ЭкЗемплЯры с КунаШира, 51 — ЭкЗемплЯр иЗ Хабаровского краЯ, 52 — ЭкЗемплЯр иЗ Южного КаЗахстана, 53 — ЭкЗемплЯр иЗ Московской обл.).

Figs 154–168. Oscillograms of male calling signals: 154–159 — Macropsis hinganensis; 160–168 — M. fuscula; 154–156 and 160– 162 — males from Sakhalin; 157–159 and 163–168 — males from the mainland. Faster oscillograms of the parts of signals indicated as “155– 156”, “158–159”, “161–162”, “164–165”, and “167–168” are given under the same numbers. Рис. 154–168. Осциллограммы приЗывных сигналов: 154–159 — Macropsis hinganensis; 160–168 — M. fuscula; 154–156 и 160– 162 — самцы с Сахалина; 157–159 и 163–168 — самцы с материка. Фрагменты сигналов, обоЗначенные цифрами “155–156”, “158– 159”, “161–162”, “164–165” и “167–168” представлены на осциллограммах под такими же номерами.