Macropodia tenuirostris (Leach, 1814)

Spiridonov, Vassily A., Simakova, Ulyana V., Anosov, Sergey E., Zalota, Anna K. & Timofeev, Vitaly A., 2020, Review of Macropodia in the Black Sea supported by molecular barcoding data; with the redescription of the type material, observations on ecology and epibiosis of Macropodia czernjawskii (Brandt, 1880) and notes on other Atlanto-Mediterranean species of Macropodia Leach, 1814 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Inachidae), Zoosystematics and Evolution 96 (2), pp. 609-635 : 609

Macropodia tenuirostris (Leach, 1814) Fig. 3a ’-d’

Leptopodia tenuirostris Leach 1814: 383-437.

Macrodia tenuirostris - Leach 1815: pl. 23, figs 1-5 (misspelling).

Macropodia tenuirostris - Forest and Zariquiey Álvarez 1964: 223; Zariquiey Álvarez 1968: 482; van Noort and Adema 1985: 367, fig. 5; d’Udekem d’Acoz 1999: 201.

Macropodia tenuirostris ssp. tenuirostris - Forest 1978: 333, figs 4, 8, 15, 21.

Macropodia tenuirostris ssp. longipes - Forest 1978: 337, figs 9, 16.

Stenorhynchus tenuirostris - Bell 1844: 6.

Stenorhynchus longipes A. Milne-Edwards & Bouvier, 1899: 48; A. Milne-Edwards and Bouvier 1900: 157, pl. 21, fig. 18, pl. 22, figs 7-11.

Macropodia longipes - Forest and Zariquiey Álvarez 1964: 226, figs 2, 6, 13. Zariquiey Álvarez 1968: 482, figs 161c, 164c-d; Manning and Holthuis 1981: 295 (key), 300.

Macropodia longirostris - Bouvier 1940 (partim): 365, fig. 21 (nec Cancer longirostris Fabricius, 1775).

Material.

Mediterranean. 1 male; Mediterranean, no other data; SMF 3749 (identified as Macropodia longirostris ). 1 female; RV Akademik Kowalevsky, Stat 1192/129; 40°03.0'N, 0°56.1'E; 105 m depth; 1980; expedition staff leg; ZMMU Ma4341. 1 male, RV Akademik Kowalevsky, Stat 1314/60; 35°31.40'N, 12°02.60'E; 75 m depth, beamtrawl; 18.09.1979; VV Murina leg; ZMMU Ma4339. 1 female, RV Akademik Alexander Kowalevsky; Stat 1111 (30), 43°21.70'N, 14°46.90'E, 110 m depth, Sigsbee trawl, 01.05.1979; VV Murina leg; ZMMU Ma4340.

Atlantic Ocean. 4 males, 3 females ov; Cadíz Bay; RV Miguel Oliver, ARSA Cruise; ca. 36°45.00'N, 06°45.00'E, 90 m depth; commercial trawl; 09.11.2017; Lischenko leg; ZMMU Ma3576. 1 male, 1 female; Cadíz Bay; RV Miguel Oliver, ARSA Cruise; ca. 36°45.00'N, 06°45.00'E; 90 m depth; commercial trawl; 09.11.2017; Lischenko leg; ZMMU Ma3577.

Diagnosis.

Cephalothorax, pleon and chelipeds sparsely covered with curled and hooked setae. Pereopods covered with sparse small coiled and longer straight setae, with large surface area smooth. Rostral spines ascending, over-reaching end of antennal peduncle and, in larger specimens, over-reaching antennal flagellae (Fig. 3a '), about as long as 33-41% of total carapace length in females and 39-45% in males; with lateral rows of small coiled setae. Epistome trapezoidal with constricted anterior portion, with two pairs of sharp lateral spinules, irregular spiniform tubercles may be present in anterior part (Fig. 3c '). Gastric region without median mesogastric tubercles, with pair of sharp lateral protogastric spines and sharp and long median metagastric spine, directed dorsally. Lower hepatic spine thin and sharp. Pterygostomial and branchial protuberances spiny. Cardiac region elevated, with sharp median spine directed dorsally (Fig. 3a ', b’). Basal antennal segment with three spines directed anteriorly, median largest (Fig. 3c '). Merus of pereopods 2-5 with distal double dorsal spine. Dactyli of pereopods 4 and 5 distinctly narrower than propodi, thin, moderately curved, with dense row of minute spinules intermmitent with longer setae along flexor margin and setal emargination of adductor margin (Fig. 3d ').

Size

(CW). Atlantic: non-ovigerous females 8.2 mm, ovigerous females 9.0-11.5 mm, males 8.1-13.6 mm. Mediterranean: females 5.5-8.4 mm, male 9.0 mm.

Ecology.

The species occurs between 9 ( García Raso 1984) and 748 m depth ( Abelló et al. 1988), mostly between 40 and 270 m depth ( García Raso 1984; this study), on a variety of substrates, both soft and hard ( Števćić 1990; Pipitone and Aculeo 2003).

Distribution.

Mediterranean: Western Mediterranean ( Zariquiey Álvarez 1968); Alboran Sea ( García Raso 1984); waters around Sicily ( Pipitone and Aculeo 2003); Ionian Sea ( d’Udekem d’Acoz 1999); Adriatic Sea ( Števćić 1990); south-central Mediterranean ( Pipitone and Tumbiolo 1993); Aegean Sea ( d’Udekem d’Acoz 1994); Levant Sea (Holthuis and Gotltieb 1958). In North-East Atlantic from Islands of Cabo Verde to Faroe Islands (reviewed by d’Udekem d’Acoz 1999).

Remarks.

Macropodia longipes was described on the basis of a single specimen from the Atlantic waters. Forest (1978) found significant overlapping of its diagnostic characters with M. tenuirostris and treated M. longipes as a subspecies of the latter. It is generally characteristic for the southern part of its distribution range, in particular the Mediterranean. D’Udekem d’Acoz (1999) has considered M. longipes as a gracile intraspecific form of M. tenuirostris , while, in general, currently this is an accepted name ( Ng et al. 2008; WoRMS 2020). A single unequivocall character used for distinguishing between M. tenuirostris and M. longipes is the relative length of rostrum which exceeds the antennal flagellum in M. longipes and does not reach to its tip in M. tenuirostris ( Zariquiey Álvarez 1968). Our specimens correspond to the “gracile” habitus of M. longipes . While larger specimens from the Cadíz Bay (CW> 11 mm, ZMMU Ma 3576) have rostrums exceeding antennal flagellae, they are nearly equal in a male with CW 10.4 mm. Rostrums of a smaller male and female from the same locality (CW <8.3 mm, ZMMU Ma 3577) are shorter than antennal flagellae. Rostrums of all Mediterranean specimens either do not reach or nearly reach antennal flagellae.

The analysis of molecular barcode, COI indicates that all our specimens from the Cadíz Bay are conspecific and are broadly placed within a large sample of specimens from various localities, originally identified either as M. tenuirostris or M. longipes (Fig. 10 ). In our opinion, M. longipes represents an intraspecific form within M. tenuirostrus , being a result of both size-related and geographical phenotypic variation. We, thus regard M. longipes as a junior subjective synonym of M. tenuirostris .

Figures

Figure 3. Comparison of Macropodia czernjawskii (a-d. possible paralectotype, male, ZIN-RAS 88750) to Macropodia tenuirostris (Leach, 1814) (a' - d'. male, SMF 3749) and Macropodia rostrata (Linnaeus, 1761) (a' ' - d' '. SMF 40660). a. Dorsal view. b. Lateral view. c. Anterior part of the body, with antennules, basal antennal segments, and epistome, ventral view. d. Dactylus of pereopod 5. Scale bars: 10 mm (a-a' ' - b-b ''), 1 mm (c-c' ' - d-d '').

Figure 10. Natural habitats of Macropodiz czernjawskii in the Black Sea. a, b. Male (ZMMU Ma 3549) in Cystoseira sp., on rock, Tuaphat coastal rock masif, near Gelendzhik. c. Male (ZMMU Ma 3547), on sand, of Blagoveschenskaya village, near Anapa. d. Specimen collected of Blagoveschensakya in aquarium, decorated with red algae after few days of keeping. e. A characteristic biotope of M. czernjawskii in Tuaphat. f. Biotope in Kazachya Cove, Crimean Peninsula where M. czernjawskii has been repeatedly observed. Photographs by SE Anosov.