Leptoconchus inscruposa, Gittenberger, 2011

Gittenberger, Adriaan Gittenberger Edmund, 2011, Cryptic, adaptive radiation of endoparasitic snails: sibling species of Leptoconchus (Gastropoda: Coralliophilidae) in corals, Organisms Diversity & Evolution 11 (1), pp. 21-41 : 37-38

Leptoconchus inscruposa sp. nov.

( Figs. 3 , 15–17)

Etymology. The specific epithet reflects that the species has been found exclusively in corals of Fungia (Danafungia) scruposa . For the purposes of nomenclature, it is herewith declared (under ICZN 1999 Article 26) as not to be treated as a Greek, Latin or latinized word; thus, the spelling presented here is to remain unchanged.

Type material. Holotype female ( RMNH 102601 ), found in the mushroom coral Fungia (Danafungia) scruposa ; Indonesia, N Sulawesi, Lembeh Strait , 01°27′ 35″N 125°13′34″E.

Paratypes. Indonesia. N Sulawesi: type locality (102602/ 1sh: m in same coral as holotype) .

Central Sulawesi, Tomini Bay, Togian Islands: Walea Lighthouse , 00°25′19″S 122°26′08″ ( RMNH 102603 /6sn: 3m&3f+e); Barrier Reef, N Batudaka Island, 00°25′20″S 121°40′54″ ( RMNH 102604 */3sn: 1m&2f+e, 102605/1sn: f+e, 2sh: m&f, 102606/3sn: 2m&f+e, 1sh: f, 102607/2sn: m&f+e); Patch Reef, S Batudaka Island , 00°35′25″S 121° 41′38″ ( RMNH 102608 /2sn: m&f+e, 1sh: f, 102609/1sn: f); S Talatakoh Island, 00°28′22″S 122°08′22″ ( RMNH 102610 /2sn: m&f, 102611/2sn: m&f+e) .

SW Sulawesi, Spermonde Archipelago: W Kudingareng Keke Island , 05°06′09″S 119°17′09″ ( RMNH 90106 /2sn: m&f); W Bone Lola Reef, 05°06′09″S 119°17′09″ ( RMNH 87817 /1sh, f); W Bone Batang, 05°00′42″S 119°19′31″ ( RMNH 90035 */2sn: m&f); W Badi Island, 04°58′05″S 119° 16′54″ ( RMNH 90032 /2sn:m&f+e, 90038/2 s n: m&f+e, 90114/3sh: 1m &2f) .

NE Kalimantan: Berau Islands, Karang Pinaka, NW Samama Island , 02º11′22″N 118º17′25″ ( RMNH 102612 / 11sn: 6m &5f+e) .

Bali: Tulamben Beach, Coral garden, 02°11′22″N 118° 17′25″ ( RMNH 102753 /1sn: f+e; SE Tulamben Beach, drop-off, 08°16′40″S 115°35′45″ ( RMNH 102754 /1sh: f; N Nusa Penida, of Desa Ped , 08°40′28″S 115°30′50″ ( RMNH 102755 /1sn: m, 102756/4sn: 2m &2f+e); Nusa Lembongan, E Selat Ceningan, seagrass and mangrove, 08°41′03″S 115° 27′43″ ( RMNH 102757 /1sn: m).

Philippines. Cebu Strait, SW of Bohol, S of Panglao, NE Balicasag Island , 09°30′N 123°41″ ( RMNH 102758 /1sn: f) .

Diagnosis. Among the Leptoconchus species with reduced and variable morphological characters and associated with fungiid corals, L. inscruposa sp. nov. is differentiated by a unique combination of nucleotides in the Cytochrome Oxidase I barcoding sequence ( GB: EU215854–EU215856), as indicated by underlined letters in Fig. 48 .

Shell. Holotype female (Figs. 15, 16) H 19.7 mm, W 23.3 mm (largest female); columellar callus covering most of surface of last whorl; lower half of outer lip with obtuse angle at shell base. Largest male shell (found with holotype; Fig. 17) H 12.3 mm, W 8.7 mm. Apical part of female shell hardly protrudes above apertural edge (Fig. 15), apex of male shell protrudes distinctly (Fig. 17).

Habitat. The snails and their egg capsules were found at 5–18 m depth, exclusively with the mushroom coral species Fungia (Danafungia) scruposa Klunzinger, 1879 . The siphon pores are located on the upper side of the corals.

Distribution. The range of Leptoconchus inscruposa extends from Indonesia to the Philippines. Massin’ s (1992) OTU4 from the Red Sea and the Maldives probably represents the same species.

Figures

Fig. 3 Cytochrome Oxidase I phylogeny reconstruction of fungiidassociated Leptoconchus species, showing strict consensus of five trees, i.e. the two most parsimonious trees resulting from a heuristic search, and the three 50% consensus trees with compatible groupings

Fig. 48 Partial Cytochrome Oxidase I sequences for 14 species of Leptoconchus; for each species, the respective combination of underlined nucleotides is considered diagnostic