Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950

Li, Xinzheng, Bruce, Alexander J. & Manning *, Raymond B., 2004, Some Palaemonid Shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) From Northern South China Sea, With Descripitions Of Two New Species, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52 (2), pp. 513-553 : 516-520

Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950

( Figs. 4-6 )

Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950: 40 , Fig. 6; Bruce, 2000: 83, Figs. 1-3 .

Material examined. – 1 ovig female, CN N207B-34B, [17º45’N, 109º30’E], 97m, sandy mud, BT, coll. J. Y. Liu, 14 May.1960; 1 female, CN B92 - B4-6 , St. 4, 36m, BT, Sanya Bay, Hainan Is., coll. X. Li, 22 Mar.1992 ; 16 males, 30 females (11 ovig)( IOCAS) , 1 male, 1 female ( ZRC), CN B92 - B11-71 , St. 11, 30m, BT, Sanya Bay, Hainan Is., coll. X. Li, 23 Mar.1992 ; 1 male, Yezhu Is., N-side, 7m, Hainan, coll. V. Neumann, 22 Mar.1992 ; 1 female, CN X20 B-1, [19ºN, 108ºE], 72m, mud, AT, coll. Z. Fan, 7 Dec.1959 ; 1 female, CN X183 B-38, [18º30’N, 108º30’E], 29m, sandy mud, AT, coll. F. Sun, 9 Apr.1962 ; 1 female (ovig), CN 4-8 , [20º45’N, 111º30’E], 51m, mud, BT, coll. Y. Wang, 25 Jan.1959 ; 1 female (ovig), CN S155 B-26, [22ºN, 115º30’E], 78m, mud, AT, coll. W. Zhang & S. Wu, 20 Dec.1959 ; 1 female, CN S144 B-3, [21º30’N, 114º30’E], 77m, mud, AT, coll. W. Zhang & S. Wu, 10 Dec.1959 ; 1 female, CN Q268 A-14, [20ºN, 109ºE], 30m, mud, AT, coll. W. Zhang, 4 Nov.1960 ; 1 male, CN R229 B-25, [18º30’N, 108ºE], 67m, sandy mud, AT, coll. F. Sun, 26 May.1960 ; 1 male, CN 19-52 , [18ºN, 108º30’E], 79m, muddy sand, BT, coll. Z. Fan, 28 Jan.1959 ; 2 females (1 ovig), CN K235 B-9B, [18º30’N, 108º15’E], 53.4m, sandy mud, AT, coll. S. Shen, 11 Jul.1960 ; 1 female (ovig), CN L69 B-38, [20 N, 111 15’E], soft mud, 52m, BT, coll. Xiutong Ma, 25 Apr.1959 ; 1 female, CN Q111 B-20B, [22 N, 115 30’E], muddy sand, 78m, AT, coll. Yongliang Wang, 8 Jan.1960 ; 1 females, CN S155 B-3B, [22 N, 115 30’E], muddy sand, 78m, AT, coll. Weiquan Zhang, 20 Dec.1959 ; 2 females (ovig), CN N148 B-44, [18 N, 109 30’E], sandy mud, 74m, BT, coll. Jixing Liu, 11 Mar.1960 ; 1 male, 1 female (ovig), CN S143-27 B, [21 15’N, 114 30’E], muddy sand, 83m, AT, coll. Weiquan Zhang, 10 Dec.1959 ; 1 female (ovig), CN N28 B-21, [20 50’N, 110 45’E], sandy muc, 18m, AT, coll. Zhican Tang, 17 Apr.1959 ; 1 female, CN N99 B-52B, [20 15’N, 111 E], sand, 33m, AT, coll. Li, 29 Oct.1959 ; 2 females (1 ovig), CN S140 B-20, [21 15’N, 114 E], soft mud, 75m, AT, coll. Shaozeng Wu, 10 Dec.1959 ; 22); 1 male, CN N153 B-30, [17 30’N, 109 E], sandy mud, 88m, BT, coll. Shoupeng Shen, 12 Mar.1960 ; 1 female, CN N186 B-39, [20 50’N, 110 45’E], soft mud, 26m, BT, coll. Jixing Liu, 10 Apr.1960 ; 1 female (ovig), CNQ59B-9, [18 30’N, 108 15’E], soft mud, 59m, BT, coll. Fengshan Xu, 17 Apr.1959; 1 female, CN N138 B-21B, [18 30’N, 110 15’E], soft mud, 51.3m, BT, coll. Shoupeng Shen, 9 Mar.1960 ; 1 male, CN L72 B-22, [20 45’N, 111 E], soft mud, 32m, BT, coll. Xiutong Ma, 26 Apr.1959 .

Diagnosis. – Rostrum straight, not over-reaching scaphocerite, armed with 2 + 9-10/2-5 teeth, posteriormost dorsal tooth widely separated from remainder, ventral teeth distributed on apical third. Carapace with antennal and branchiostegal spines. Scaphocerite with distolateral tooth reaching to, or slightly beyond distal margin of blade. Telson much shorter than uropod, posterior margin with acute median point. First pereiopod with carpus about 1.5 times as long as chela. Second pereiopod over-reaching scaphocerite by combined lengths of chela, carpus and most of merus; fingers twice as long as palm; carpus distinctly longer than chela. Ambulatory pereiopods very long and slender, with propodus divided into 8-16 subsegments

Description. – Rostrum straight, not over-reaching scaphocerite, armed with 11 or 12 dorsal teeth, including 2 on carapace posterior to level of posterior margin of orbit, posteriormost tooth widely separated from remainder, and 2-5 ventral teeth, distributed on apical third; ventral margin straight or slightly convex at base; single row of plumose setae placed on the dorsal margin between teeth; ventral margin with longitudinal row of ventrally directed setae at each side, covering entire margin except tip. Carapace with antennal spine placed below lower orbital angle, the latter produced anteriorly as broadly rounded lobe; branchiostegal spine strong, placed some distance behind anterior margin of carapace, with tip slightly over-reaching this margin. Eyes large, with cornea as long as and distinctly broader than stalk. Antennule with stylocerite not reaching middle of basal segment, anterior margin of this segment curved and produced anteriorly, distinctly over-reaching strong anterolateral spine; upper antennular flagellum with two rami fused for only about basal 0.2 of length (4 segments). Scaphocerite with outer margin slightly concave, distolateral tooth reaching to, or slightly beyond distal margin of blade. Telson much shorter than uropod; dorsal spines small, anterior pair situated at middle of telson length, posterior pair closer to posterior margin than to anterior pair; posterior margin with acute median point, outer pair of marginal spines small, as dorsal spines, inner pair robust and very long, about 0.33 to 0.4 of telson length. Uropods over-reaching tip of inner posterior marginal spines of telson, exopod with movable lateral spine. Mandible with 3 apical teeth on incisor process; molar process stout, with 6-7 blunt teeth on right and 4-5 on left. Maxillula with bilobed palp, lobes similar in size; upper lacinia oval, with spines along distal margin, lower lacinia with distal margin slightly produced, covered with setae on distal fourth. Maxilla with distally pointed palp lacking setae, shorter than endite; endite deeply bilobed, with numerous setae distally; scaphognathite moderately broad. First maxilliped with subcylindrical palp, with several setae on distolateral margin; basal endite densely covered with setae along lateral margin, coxal endite suboval; exopod with long flagellum and relatively small caridean lobe; epipod deeply bilobed, upper lobe subtriangular, lower elongate oval. Third maxilliped with slender endopod, flagellum of exopod reaching to 0.75 of ischiomerus of endopod. First pereiopod slender, cutting edge of chela entire, carpus about 1.5 times as long as chela, broadest distally and narrow proximally. Second pereiopod very slender, over-reaching scaphocerite by combined lengths of chela, carpus and most of merus; fingers very long and slender, about twice as long as palm, cutting edge entire; carpus distinctly longer than chela, unarmed; merus about half as long as carpus, unarmed; ischium longer than merus but shorter than carpus; basis slightly shorter than merus. Ambulatory pereiopods very long and slender, with propodus divided into 8-16 subsegments; third pereiopod shorter than fourth and fifth. Both first and second pleopods with distinct appendix interna on endopod in male. Eggs relatively small.

Distribution. – Previously known from the type locality, Salt Madura off northeastern Java, 56 meters ( Holthuis, 1950), and Lucinda, Queensland, 15 meters ( Bruce, 2000). It is recorded here for the first time from northern South China Sea.

Remarks. – The mouthparts closely resemble those of Leandrite celebensis ( De Man, 1881), but the first maxilliped ( Fig. 5h ) has the epipod deeply bilobed, as mentioned by Holthuis (1950). This poorly known species appears rare as it has been recorded very few times in the literature. Holthuis’s (1950) type is a female, and Bruce (2000) described a male from Queensland. However, our material shows that it is common in northern South China Sea, also with extensive bathymetric range from 7 to 97 meters depth, which considerably expandes its bathymetric range from 15- 56m ( Bruce, 2000; Holthuis, 1950).

Figures

Fig. 4. Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950. a, carapace and rostrum, lateral view; b, eye; c, antennule; d, scaphocerite; e, telson and uropod, dorsal view; f, tip of telson; g, eggs.

Fig. 5. Leandrites stenopus Holthuis, 1950. a, b, carapace and rostrum, lateral view; c-e, mandible, c, d, right, e, left; f, maxillula; g, maxilla; h, 1st maxilliped; i, 2nd maxilliped; j, 3rd maxilliped.

Fig. 1. Coutierella tonkinensis Sollaud, 1914. a, carapace and rostrum, lateral view; b, mandible; c, 1st maxilliped; d, telson; e, tip of telson.

Fig. 2. Exopalaemon orientis Holthuis, 1950. a, carapace and rostrum, lateral view; b, mandible; c, 1st pereiopod; d, 2nd pereiopod; e, 3rd pereiopod; f, same, dactyl and propodus; g, 5th pereiopod; h, same, dactyl and propodus.

Fig. 3. Leander tenuicornis (Say, 1818). a, carapace and rostrum, lateral view, female; b, same, male; c, antennule.