Lactucopsis brevirostris Fenzl ex Sch.Bip.

Clementi, Moreno, Vukojičić, Snežana, Miola, Antonella & Niketić, Marjan, 2016, Typification and nomenclature of the names published in Plantae Serbicae Rariores aut Novae-Decas III, Phytotaxa 252 (2), pp. 85-98 : 88

Lactucopsis brevirostris Fenzl ex Sch.Bip. in Visiani & Pančić (1870: 6)

Syntype:—Specimens named “ Lactuca brevirostris ” and numbered “№ 335” in the gathering from year 1836 labelled “ In monte Tauro ”, collected by Theodor Kotschy.

Note:—Schultz-Bipontinus cited in his treatment the name “ Lactuca brevirostris Fenzl ”, a nomen nudum that was first adopted by Eduard Fenzl (1808–1879) “in sched.” ( Kotschy 1858: 384), and that was later applied also by Kotschy to a gathering of his, with duplicates distributed to many herbaria in Europe. Schultz-Bipontinus, having seen some of Kotschy’s specimens, considered that they had to be included in his new genus Lactucopsis , and proposed for that taxon the name Lactucopsis brevirostris , intending it as a new combination based on Fenzl’s invalid “basionym”. In his treatment, he then compared Lactucopsis brevirostris with Lactuca deltoidea (Bieberstein) Meyer (1831: 56) (see also following paragraph) stating that the latter “is different because of the larger head, with 8–10 flowers, and the more compressed achenes, which are prolonged in a thinner and paler beak” (“ diversa capitulo 8–10-floro et acheniis magis copressis, in rostrum gracilius pallidius abeuntibus ”). Schultz-Bipontinus, by making this comparison, provided the earliest validating diagnosis for the name first proposed by Fenzl, as defined by Art. 38.2 ( McNeill et al. 2012), thus establishing it as new species. Boissier later used the final epithet from Schultz-Bipontinus’s name to form the illegitimate new combination Lactuca brevirostris (Fenzl ex Sch.Bip.) Boissier (1875: 817 , there incorrectly cited as having been published by Visiani and Pančić instead of Schultz-Bipontinus), whose name was unavailable because of the earlier homonym Lactuca brevirostris Campion ex Bentham (1852: 237) . Killian & Greuter were the first to propose a legitimate new combination for Lactucopsis brevirostris under Lactuca : L. fenzlii Killian & Greuter (in Greuter 2003: 234). In their treatment, they did not correctly cite the author who validly published the basionym of their replaced synonym, as required by Art. 46.3, since they too attributed it to Visiani and Pančić. Nevertheless, according to Art. 41.6 ( McNeill et al. 2012), this error does not preclude the validity of their new name. We consider the series of duplicates cited by Schultz-Bipontinus as syntypes designated by him (see Art. 9.5, Art. 40 Note 1, McNeill et al. 2012).