Iteaphila orchestris Melander

Sinclair, Bradley J. & Shamshev, Igor V., 2012, 3561, Zootaxa 3561, pp. 1-61 : 37-40

Iteaphila orchestris Melander

( Figs. 8C, 12B, 14A)

Iteaphila orchestris Melander, 1902: 354 . Type locality: Las Vegas Range , New Mexico, USA.

Type material examined. LECTOTYPE (here designated), ♂ labelled: “Las Vegas Rg./ VI.28.[19]02. N.M. [New Mexico]”; “COTYPE/ Iteaphila / orchestris/ Mel. [red label]”; “ALMelander/ Collection/ 1961”; “ LECTOTYPE / Iteaphila / orchestris Mel. / des. B.J. Sinclair 2011” ( USNM) . PARALECTOTYPES: USA. New Mexico: same data as lectotype (4 ♂, 9 ♀, USNM; 1 ♂, 3 ♀, ANSP) .

Taxonomic notes. The syntype series was based on “numerous specimens” collected near the top of the Las Vegas Range , New Mexico, at an altitude of 11,000 feet. A dissected male syntype in poor condition bears an unpublished lectotype label. Due to its condition an alternative male was chosen and labelled as lectotype. The designation of the lectotype clearly establishes the identity of this species .

Additional material examined. CANADA. Alberta: Banff, 1916, N.B. Sanson (1 ♂, USNM); Banff, 11.vi.1922, C.B.D. Garrett (1 ♀, CNC); Banff, 20.v.1924, E. Hearle (1 ♀, CNC); Banff, Sulphur Mt., choke cherry, 24.vi.1925, O. Bryant (1 ♂, CAS); Banff, Eisenhr. Lookout, 4600', 7.vii.1962, K.C. Herrmann (1 ♂, CNC); Banff NP, Bow Pass, 17.vii.1955, R. Coyles (5 ♂, 14 ♀, CNC); Banff NP, 14 mi W Banff, 4500', flowers of Ledium groenlandicum , 7.vii.1955, GES (11 ♂, 11 ♀, CNC); Banff NP, Peyto Lookout, 8000', 23.vii.1962, K.C. Hermann (1 ♀, CNC); Banff NP, Victoria Glacier, 18.vii.1955, R. Coyles (1 ♀, CNC); Columbia Ice Field, 22.vii.1939, E.H. Strickland (1 ♀, USNM); Edmonton, U of A Ecol. Res., MT, 5–12.vi.1986, B. V. Brown (1 ♀, CNC); Jasper NP, 100 km S Jasper, 28.vi.1989, BJS (1 ♂, CNC); Lk Louise, 29.vii.1935, ALM (1 ♀, USNM); Ptarmigan Trail, 6500', 20.vii.1928, O. Bryant (2 ♀, CAS); Waterton Lakes NP, Cameron Lk, 18.vi.1955, O. Peck (2 ♂, CNC). British Columbia: Alaska Hwy, milepost DC 520 mi (831 km), Whirlpool Canyon, 9.vi.1996, PHA (1 ♂, 2 ♀, USNM); Ashcroft, Cornwall Hills, 12.vii.1989, R.A. Cannings, CSG (1 ♂, 9 ♀, RBCM); Atlin, 2200', 21–25.vi., 3.vii.1955, B.A. Gibbard, H.J. Huckel (4 ♂, 38 ♀, CNC); Cathedral PP, Glacier Lk, 7.vii.1986, R.A. Cannings (1 ♂, RBCM); Clinton, 19.vi.1938, G.S. Walley (2 ♂, CNC); Duffey Lk, Blowdown Ck, base of Gott Peak, 20.vii.1988, CSG (3 ♀, RBCM); Emerald Lk, 30.vii.1935, ALM (1 ♀, USNM); Falkland, Arthur Lk, 24.vii.1988, CSG (1 ♀, RBCM); 6 km NE Falkland, 12-13.vii.1989, AB (1 ♀, CNC); Glacier NP, 1250 m, 30.vi.1989, BJS (1 ♂, CNC); Hat Ck, Finney Ck, sage flat, 13.vii.1989, R.A. Cannings, CSG (1 ♀, RBCM); Hedley, Nickel Plate, 5000', 13.vii.1953, J. R. McGillis (1 ♂, CNC); 29 km SE Hope, 14.vii.1994, AB (1 ♀, CNC); Kootenay NP, Daer-Pitts Aspen Control 1, MT, 2-16.vii.2000, G. Gareau (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CNC); Kootenay NP, Daer-Pitts Aspen Control 2, MT, 3.vi.-2.vii.2000, G. Gareau (36 ♂, 10 ♀, CNC); Kootenay NP, Daer-Pitts Aspen Burn 1, MT, 2–9.vi., 25.vi.-9.vii.2000, G. Gareau (5 ♂, 4 ♀, CNC); Kootenay NP, Daer-Pitts Aspen Burn 2, MT, 2.vi.-23.vii.2000, G. Gareau (4 ♂, 4 ♀, CNC); Lac Le Jeune, 25.vi.1973, H.J. Teskey (1 ♂, CNC); Lakelse, nr. Terrace, 30.v., 14.vi.1960, JGC, GES (2 ♀, CNC); Manning Pk, 29.vi.1973, H.J. Teskey (1 ♂, CNC); Manning Pk, Dry Ridge summit, 1830 m, 25.vi.1983, S.G. Cannings (1 ♂, UBCZ); Manning Pk, 1700 m, 27.vi.1984, R. Danielsson (1 ♂, 10 ♀, MZLU); Mt. Revelstoke, 5800–6000', 25–27.vii., 17.viii.1955, GJS, G.P. Holland (1 ♂, 8 ♀, CNC); Pleasant Camp, 2.vi.1981, CSG (2 ♂, 1 ♀, UBCZ); Robson, 22.vi.1957, 20.vi.1966, H. R. Foxlee (2 ♂, UBCZ); 4 mi S Prince George, Hwy 97, Southpark RV Pk, 2.vi.1996, PHA (1 ♀, USNM); Quesnel, 6.vi.1948, GJS (2 ♂, UBCZ); Summit Lk, mi 392 Alaska Hwy, 15.vi.-27.vii.1959, E.E. MacDougall, R.E. Leach (2 ♂, 3 ♀, CNC); 3 mi NE Telegraph Ck., 1.vii.1960, R.J. Pilfrey (2 ♀, CNC); 5 mi S Terrace, 3.vi.1960, JGC (1 ♀, CNC); 20 mi N Terrace, Kitsumkalum Lk, 31.v.1960, JGC, GES, WWM (12 ♂, 12 ♀, CNC); 32 mi SW Terrace, 4–6.vi.1960, GES (3 ♀, CNC); Yoho NP, Boulder EMAN 2, 51º22'17'N 116º31'15''W, MT, 11–18.viii.1999 (1 ♀, CNC). Yukon Territory: Alaska Hwy DC - 777, Morley R Territorial Cpgd, 1.vii.1978, PHA (1 ♂, USNM); Alaska Hwy, km 1666, 0.25 mi W Jarvis Rd, 60º56'N 137º53'W, 7.vi.1979, ROM Fld Pty (1 ♂, ROM); Alaska Hwy, km 1706, Slims R delta , 60º59'N 138º34'W, 8.vi.1979, ROM Fld Pty (1 ♂, ROM); Alaska Hwy, km 1706, Sheep Ck Rd, 60º59'N 138º34'W, 10.vi.1979, ROM Fld Pty (1 ♂, ROM); 1 km N Carcross, Carcross Dunes, PT behind dunes, 30.vi.-5.vii.1997, T.A. Wheeler (1 ♀, LEM); Destruction Bay, 10 kmS, 8.vii.1985, E. Krebs & J.J. Robinson (2 ♂, UBSZ); Klondike Hwy km 12, Ethel Lk Rd, 63º19'N 136º21'W, 30.vi.1980, ROM Fld Pty (4 ♀, ROM); Klondike Loop, J 243 mi (390 km), McQuesten, 14.vi.1996, PHA (7 ♂, 3 ♀, USNM); Kluane NP, Sheep Mt., 2.vi.1979, S.G. Cannings (1 ♀, UBCZ); Lapie R, 1 kmE Campbell Hwy, 61º59'N 132º35'W, 7.vi.1981, CSG (3 ♂, 1 ♀, UBCZ); Lewes Ck, 60º21'N 134º46'W, 27.vi.1981, CSG (3 ♂, UBCZ); Little Atlin, 15.vii.1948, E. Krebs & J.J. Robinson (2 ♀, UBCZ); Lone Tree Ck, 60º17'N 132º85'W, CSG (1 ♀, UBCZ); Nine Ck, 2 km W, N Canol Rd, 62º23'N 139º42'W, 11.vi.1981, CSG (1 ♀, UBCZ); Pine Ck, Haines Jctn, 25.vi.1981, CSG (1 ♂, UBCZ); Ross R, 61º56'N 132º30'W, 20–21.vi.1960, E.W. Rockburne (2 ♀, CNC); Ross R, 13 mi NE, 8.vi.1981, CSG (1 ♀, UBCZ); Swim Lks, 62º13'N 133ºW, 3200', 15–17.vi.1960, J.E.H. Martin (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CNC); Telegraph Ck, 21.vi.1985, E. Krebs & J.J. Robinson (1 ♀, UBSZ); Whitehorse, Miles Canyon, 14.vii.1985, E. Krebs & J.J. Robinson (1 ♀, UBSZ); Whitehorse, Wolf Ck, 27.vi.1981, CSG (3 ♂, UBCZ). JAPAN. Fukuoka: Yōrō- no-Taki, Wakasugi-yama, Kyushu, 3.iv.1963, on stem of Acer, TS (1 ♂, KUMF). Kumamoto: Haki, Izumimura, 21.iv.1980, K. Ohara (2 ♂, KUMF); Kanayama, Kai, 8.v.1964, A. Kato (1 ♀, KUMF). Shiga: Otsu, iii.1955, PHA (5 ♂, 2 ♀, USNM). Yamanashi: Kanayama, Sudama, 2.vi.1995, TS (1 ♂, KUMF). TAIWAN. Tungpu, Takata, Lulinshan, Nantou Hsien, 10.iv.1965, TS (1 ♂, KUMF). USA. Alaska: Kenai NWR, 2 miE Fox Lk, 800ft, 10.vi.2004, J. Lewis (1 ♀, UAM); Kenai NWR, E Mystery Ck Rd, SW Mystery Ck, 850ft, 15.vi.2004, J. Lewis (1 ♂, UAM); Kenai NWR, E Wolverine Lk, 19.vi.2006, A. Wu (1 ♂, UAM). California: Alpine Co., West Fk Carson R, Snowshoe Springs Cpgd, 6600', 20.vi.1971, PHA (6 ♂, 6 ♀, USNM); Fresno Co., Dinkey Ck area, Laurel Ck, 4.vi.1987 (1 ♂, CNC); Mono Co., Tioga Pass, Salix orestera , 11.vii.1969, A. R. Moldenke, No. 2007 (1 ♂, CAS); Plumas Co., Lassen NF, N Fk Feather R, 28.v.1977, DDW (63 ♂, 27 ♀, CAS); San Bernardino Co., Camp Angelus [N 34.145 W 116.982], White Ceanothus , 28.v., 2.vi.1947, ALM (3 ♂, USNM); San Bernadino Co., San Bernadino Mts, Barton Flats, 16.vi.1955, ALM (1 ♀, USNM); Trinity Co., 5 km NW Mt. Eddy, FR17 at Parks Ck Trailhead, 41.343ºN 122.5375ºW, 2086 m, pine for., 8.vi.2009, J. Mlynarek (1 ♂, 2 ♀, LEM); Tuolumne Co., Lyons Reservoir, 4.vi.1963, PHA (1 ♂, 2 ♀, USNM); Tuolumne Co., Deadman Ck, 8000', 12.vii.1977, DDW (1 ♀, CAS). Colorado: Boulder Co., Caribou Flats, 9700', 30.vi.1989, D.W. Inouye (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM); Boulder Co., Corona Pass, 10,600', 6.vii.1961, JGC (3 ♂, 1 ♀, CNC); Boulder Co., Ridge Rd, Niwot Mt., 5.vii.1989, 11000', D.W. Inouye (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM); Cochetopa NF, John Smith Ranger Stn, 3.vii.1913, A.K. Fisher (1 ♀, USNM); Crested Butte, 8.viii.1968, F.C. Harmston (1 ♂, USNM); Delta Co., Grand Mesa NF, vii.1959 (1 ♂, USNM); Ft Collins, N. Banks (1 ♀, USNM); Grande Co., 10000', Cross Ck, 25.vi.1972, MT, W.W. Wirth (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM); Gilpin Co., 2 mi E Rollins Pass, 3048 m, 16.viii.1973, DDW (3 ♀, CAS); Grande Co., 2 mi W Rollins Pass, 2430 m, 6.viii.1973, DDW (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CAS); Gunnison Co., Cottonwood Pass, 12100', 29.vii.1961, JGC, BHP (2 ♀, CNC); Gunnison Co., Cottonwood Pass, 8.vii.1984, G.C. Eickwort (1 ♀, CAS); Gunnison Co., Gunnison NF, Cooper Lk, to Marion Pass, 2.viii.1988, G.C. Eickwort (1 ♀, CAS); Hinsdale Co., Mesa Seco, 12000', ex. Potentilla diversifolia , 12.vii.1974, P. Lincoln, A. R. Moldenke (1 ♂, 2 ♀, CAS); Lake Co., Independence Pass, 11500–12100', 31.vii.1961, JGC, BHP (1 ♂, 3 ♀, CNC); Monarch Pass, 8000', 21.vi.1940, ALM (1 ♀, USNM); Mt. Evans, Doolittle Ranch, 8–27.vii.1961, CHM, JGC (6 ♀, CNC); Mt. Evans, Echo Lk, 13- 26.vii.1961, BHP, CHM (6 ♂, 37 ♀, CNC); Mt. Evans, Timberline, 11–29.vii.1961, CHM (2 ♂, 6 ♀, CNC); Nederland, Science Lodge, 9500', 27–28.vi., 3.vii., 6.viii.1961, BHP, J. R. Stainer (2 ♂, 4 ♀, CNC); Nederland, caribou, 10,000', 18.vi.1961, CHM (1 ♂, CNC); Niwot Range, nr. Ward, 28.vi., 4.vii.1961, CHM (3 ♂, 13 ♀, CNC); Rocky Mtn NP, 3.viii.1968, F.C. Harmston (1 ♀, USNM); Summit Co., Loveland Pass, 28.vii., 7.viii.1961, CHM, JGC, BHP (5 ♀, CNC). Idaho: Blaine Co., Galena Summit, 8600', 15.vii.1961, BHP (1 ♂, CNC). Montana: Ravalli Co., 5 km E Lost Trail Pass, 27.vi.1952, Hubert & Jellison (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CAS). New Mexico: Las Vegas Mts, 11000', vi.1901, Cockerell (4 ♂, USNM). Oregon: Jackson Co., North Fk below Fish Lk, 42º22.606'N 122º21.625'W, 31.v.2009, B.M. Wiegmann et al. (6 ♂, 1 ♀, CNC); Klamath Co., 12 mi SW Keno, 6.v.1964, J. Schuh (1 ♂, WSU). Utah: Garfield Co., 15 km N Boulder, 12, 20.vi.1994, JFM (7#, CNC). Washington: Mt. Rainier, Summerland, 24.vii.1924, ALM (1 ♀, USNM); Mt. Rainier, White R, 20.vii.1924, ALM (1 ♂, USNM); Mt. Rainier, Yakima Pk, 19.viii.1934, ALM (1 ♀, USNM); Pierce Co., Mt. Rainier NP, 14 ENE Paradise, 46º45'44''N 121º39'26''W, 16.vi.2004, C.J. Borkent (1 ♂, LEM); Pierce Co., Mt. Rainier NP, 6.5 ENE Paradise, Stevens Cyn, 1000 m, 46º45'44''N 121º39'26''W, 19.vi.2005, C.J. Borkent (1 ♀, LEM); Yakima Co., 8 mi SW Tieton RS, Snoqualmie NF, Bear CK, 11–12.vi.1973, W.J. Turner (1 ♂, 1 ♀, USNM). Wyoming: Albany Co., 1.5 mi W Centennial, Snowy Ridge Rd., MT, 25.vii.1991, Miam (1 ♂, 2 ♀, CNC); Albany Co., nr. Laramie, MT, 1- 9.vii.1991, B. Sorbid (6 ♀, CNC); Centennial, 24.vi.1933, I.H. Blake (1 ♂, USNM); Dunraven Pass, 27.vii.1956, ALM (1 ♀, USNM); Mirror Lk, Snowy Range Mts, 13.viii.1957, G.F. Knowlton (1 ♀, WSU); Sierra Madre Range, Battle Lk Rd, 18.vii.1961, BHP (1 ♀, CNC); Teton Pass, 16.vii.1961, JGC (1 ♀, CNC): Yellowstone NP, Canyon Village, 21.vii.1971, G.C. Steyskal (1 ♀, USNM).

Recognition. This species is distinguished by the distant branching of the radial vein (ie., radial fork with base opposite or usually distal to apex of R 2+3), katepisternum with shiny or polished spot and long hypoproct process.

Re-description. Wing length 4.1–4.6 mm. Male. Head brown, with brown to black setation, occiput finely greyish brown pollinose. Holoptic, with upper ommatidia enlarged. Frons represented by small triangular space just above antennae, greyish brown pollinose, lacking setulae. Ocellar triangle very prominent, with 2 pairs of thin setae; anterior ocellars moderately long, posterior ocellars short. Postvertical and postocular setae thin, long; additionally, occiput covered with numerous long hair-like setae on lower part. Antenna brown; scape short, subequal to globular pedicel, both with short setae; postpedicel rather narrow basally, long, nearly 4.0 times longer than basal width, smoothly tapered; stylus very short, bristle-tipped; segment 9 longer than wide, apical bristle nearly as long as segment 9. Proboscis long, labium about as long as head height; palpus nearly as long as labrum.

Thorax black, with black setation; scutum viewed dorsally dull black brown with slightly prominent broad vitta down acr and similar narrow vitta down dc; katepisternum (and sometimes anepisternum) with shiny spot about middle. Proepisternum with several brownish hairs in lower and upper parts. Postpronotal lobe with several thin setae of different lengths. Mesonotal setae prominent; acr shorter than dc, arranged in 4 irregular rows anteriorly, becoming biserial posteriorly, lacking on prescutellar depression; dc irregular biserial anteriorly, uniserial posteriorly, anteriorly offset from row, slightly longer than length of acr, several prescutellar pairs long; presutural and postsutural supra-alar faces with several thin setae of different lengths, about 3 longer npl with additional shorter setae, 1 pal, 8 pairs of sctl.

Legs long, very slender, almost wholly brownish, knees yellowish. Coxae and trochanters with unmodified bristly hairs of different lengths. Fore and mid femora with row of moderately long thin setae on posteroventral, dorsal and posterior faces. Hind femur with row of long anteroventral and dorsal setae. Tibiae lacking prominent setae. Tarsomere 5 on all legs slightly flattened; pulvilli broad, shorter than tarsal claw.

Wing distinctly brownish infuscate, with brownish veins; no bristle at wing base; stigma distinct brownish, elliptical, overlapping apex of vein R 1; anal lobe very prominent, acute. R 2+3 slightly sinuate in apical part; radial fork with base opposite or usually distal to apex of R 2+3; R 5 and M 1 somewhat divergent before wing-apex; cell d broad, longer than basal cells, not produced apically (truncate); m-m crossvein long, M branches widely separated; dm-cu crossvein straight to concave; M 4 somewhat shorter than dm-cu crossvein. Apex of cell cua slightly round, CuP+CuA long, ending just short of wing margin. Halter brown.

Abdomen brown; tergites viewed dorsally or laterally subshiny, finely pollinose, viewed posteriorly velvety brown; covered with numerous long (except tergites 6–8) brownish bristly setae. Terminalia concolorous with abdomen, small. Hypandrium slightly rounded, upcurved apically with broadly rounded and slightly notched apex; gonocoxal apodeme short and slender. Postgonite posterior to phallus, extended beyond epandrium, parallel with phallus and bent nearly at right angles subapically; bent apical section subequal to apex of phallus, paired with several pairs of long spine-like projections; apex rounded, sometimes upcurved; posterior margin with broad notch. Epandrium not greatly inflated laterally; dorsal bridge narrow; produced distally into slender subapical surstylus; apex of surstylus slender, arched medially ( Fig. 8C). Phallus long and slender, arched beyond cercus, bent nearly at right angles subapically; apical section short and straight or arched apically; apex rounded and membranous; ejaculatory apodeme plate-like, rounded, longer than gonocoxal apodeme; base of phallus produced posteriorly into slender lobe, strongly arched, broad subapically, tapered to slender apex. Cercus subquadrate, slightly tapered, with broadly rounded apex; shorter than epandrium; hypoproct produced into pair of very long, divergent lobes, nearly subequal to apical portion of cercus.

Female. Head with stronger and shorter setation. Dichoptic, ommatidia equally small. Frons very broad, entirely shining, with marginal setulae; ocellar triangle finely pollinose. Mesonotum with setation much shorter than in male; scutum viewed dorsally and, especially, anteriorly brownish grey pollinose, with more distinct darker vittae than in male. Scutellum with 6–8 pairs of setae. Femora (especially fore and mid femora) with shorter setae. Wing hyaline to slightly infuscate, veins rarely slightly clouded. Base of halter pale brown, knob slightly darker. Abdomen subshiny, finely pollinose; cercus brown, elongate.

Distribution. This species is known from western North America (ranging from Alaska to southern California and down the Rocky Mountains to New Mexico), Japan and Taiwan ( Figs. 12B, 14A).

Remarks. There is variation in length of thoracic chaetotaxy in this species. In addition, the length of the apices of the phallus and postgonite is longer and slightly curved in Asian populations.