Hypotrix lunata ( Smith, 1906 ) Lafontaine & Ferris & Walsh, 2010

Lafontaine, Donald, Ferris, Clifford & Walsh, J., 2010, A revision of the genus Hypotrix Guenee in North America with descriptions of four new species and a new genus (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Noctuinae, Eriopygini), ZooKeys 39 (39), pp. 225-253 : 248-249

Hypotrix lunata ( Smith, 1906) , comb. n.

Figs 16, 31, 46, 51

Urasogastra lunata Smith, 1906: 13 .

Type material. Lectotype ♁ [ AMNH, examined] . Lectotype designated by Todd (1982). Type locality: USA, Arizona, Huachuca Mts .

Other material examined and distribution. Mexico: Durango. USA: Arizona. Cochise Co. (Huachuca Mts) and Santa Cruz Co. (Patagonia and Santa Rita Mts).

Diagnosis. Hypotrix lunata is a relatively large moth (forewing: 15 – 17 mm) that is superficially unlike any other species in North America. Th e forewing is a hoary gray with a large entirely black crescent-shaped reniform spot that is fused posteriorly with the black orbicular spot. It is most closely related to Hypotrix quindiensis ( Draudt, 1924) that was originally described as a form of H. lunata ; it occurs from Colombia to Peru. Hypotrix lunata differs from H. quindiensis in having a smaller orbicular spot (the two sides of the black mark formed by the fusion of the spots are similar in size in H. quindiensis ), the postmedial line is an even black line (an irregular series of black dashes in H. quindiensis ending in a black spot on the costa), the basal line is obscure (a contrasting black spot in H. quindiensis ) and the hindwing is fuscous, not dirty white. In the genitalia of H. quindiensis there are two rather than three coils in the vesica and appendix bursae and only the posterior half of the ductus bursae is sclerotized. Hypotrix purpurigera (Fig. 17) and several of its South American relatives also have black reniform and orbicular spots that are frequently fused posteriorly, creating a wide V-shaped mark. Within the North American fauna the male genitalia of Hypotrix lunata are most similar to those of H. hueco , but differ in that only the apical part of the uncus is expanded in H. lunata whereas the apical 2/3 is wide in H. hueco , the clasper is stouter and abruptly tapered apically in H. lunata , and the dorsal lobe on the sacculus is much larger. Th e vesica is very different from that of H. hueco in having much more extensive basal cluster of spines and subbasal cornuti in a longitudinally ribbed basal swelling, and the vesica has three tight medial coils rather than one as in H. hueco . In the female genitalia the appendix bursae has a corresponding three coils to those in the vesica and the ductus bursae is more heavily sclerotized.

Distribution and biology. Hypotrix lunata occurs from southeastern Arizona (Chiricahua, Huachuca and Santa Rita Mountains) southward to the State of Durango in northern Mexico. Collecting dates range from late May to mid-September, probably representing two generations.