Hybovalgus thibetanus ( Nonfried, 1891 )

Ricchiardi, Enrico, 2017, Revision of Chinese mainland Hybovalgus Kolbe, 1904, with description of a new species, and Excisivalgus Endrödi, 1952 reduced to synonymy with Hybovalgus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 340 (340), pp. 1-32 : 22-27

Hybovalgus thibetanus ( Nonfried, 1891)

Fig. 9

New synonyms: Hybovalgus laticollis Arrow, 1944 ; Hybobalgus yunnanus Moser, 1906 ; Valgus savioi Pic, 1928 ; Dasyvalgus pubicollis Pic, 1928 , Hybovalgus versicolor Moser, 1908 .

Valgus thibetanus Nonfried, 1891: 372 .

Hybovalgus yunnanus Moser, 1906: 403 . syn. nov.

Hybovalgus versicolor Moser, 1908: 259 . syn. nov.

Dasyvalgus pubicollis Pic, 1928b: 4 . syn. nov.

Valgus savioi Pic, 1928a: 7 . syn. nov.

Hybovalgus laticollis Arrow, 1944: 238 . syn. nov.

Dasyvalgus thibetanus Krajčík, 2011: 92 , fig. 46.

Valgus thibetanus – Schenkling 1922: 43.

Hybovalgus yunnanus – Schenkling 1922: 51. — Krajčík 2011: 93.

Hybovalgus versicolor – Schenkling 1922: 51. — Krajčík 2011: 93.

Dasyvalgus pubicollis – Krajčík 2011: 90.

Valgus savioi – Krajčík 2011: 96.

Hybovalgus laticollis – Krajčík 2011: 92.

non Hybovalgus bioculatus – Ma 1995: 196, fig. 168. Misidentification.

Type material

Note: all types here designated have a red type label. Alla data reported are copied from specimen labels.

Lectotype (here designated)

CHINA: ♂, Yunnan, (Thibet) Tsekou ( Cigu ), 20°00′23″ N, 98°53′54″ E, R. P. Dubernard leg. ( MNHUB).

Paralectotype (here designated)

CHINA: 1 ♂, same data as LT ( MNHUB).

Other type material examined

Lectotype of Hybovalgus laticollis Arrow, 1944

CHINA: ♂, Shandong, Wei-Hai-Wei, 37°30′53″ N, 122°07′10″ E, on oak, 25 Apr. 1899, T.B. Fletcher leg. ( NHM).

Syntype of Hybovalgus yunnanus Moser, 1906

CHINA: ♂, Yunnan ( SDEI).

Type of Valgus savioi Pic, 1928

CHINA: ♂, China, 23 Apr. 1918 ( MNHN).

Lectoype of Dasyvalgus pubicollis Pic, 1928

CHINA: ♂, Thibet ( MNHN).

Lectotype of Hybovalgus versicolor Moser, 1908 (here designated)

CHINA: ♀, Yunnan ( MNHUB).

Other material examined

CHINA: 12 ♂♂, Yunnan, 9 Sep. 1919, Simeon Ten leg. ( ZMUC); 2 ♂♂, Yunnan, Thibet Tse-Kou ( Cigu ), 20°00′23″ N, 98°53′54″ E, R. P. Dubernard leg. ( ERC); 7 ♂♂, Yunnan, 100 km W of Kummig, Diaolin Nat. Res. (on Castanea flowers), 13–14 Jun. 1995, E. Jendek leg. ( ERC); 8 ♂♂, Yunnan, 100 km W of Kummig, Diaolin Nat. Res. , 22 May–2 Jun. 1993, E. Jendek and O. Sausa leg. ( ERC); 3 ♂♂, Yunnan ( ERC); 1 ♂, Yunnan, Tse Kou, 28°02′N, 98°54′E, 2000 m, 7–8 Jun. 2006, Jifi Klir leg. ( ERC); 1 ♂, Shaanxi, Foping env., 120 km SW of Xian, 7 Jun. 1992, M. Bok leg. ( SNMS); 1 ♀, Shaanxi, Chin-Lins Mts ( Quing Ling Mts ), Apr.–May 1904 ( USNM); 1 ♀, Shaanxi, Chin-Lins Mts ( Quing Ling Mts ) ( ERC); 1 ♂ ( ERC), 2 ♂♂ ( MHNG), Sichuan, Wassuland, BZK Sankiangkou , Yengshaping , 1600 m, 15 May 1935, H. Becker leg.; 1 ♂, Sichuan, Shanglian, 24–26 May 2005, E. Kucera leg. ( ERC); 2 ♂♂, Sichuan, same data but 24–29 May 2002 ( ERC); 1 ♀, Sichuan, Luding Co, Moxi env. , 22 May–10 Jun. 1993, Beneš leg. ( ERC); 1 ♂ ( MNHUB), 1 ♂ ( ERC), Jangxi, Kiukiang ( Jujiang ), Jul. 1887, A.E. Pratt leg.; 1 ♂, Hubei, Ichang ( Ychang ), 6–8000 ft, May ( MNHUB); 1 ♂, Gansu, South Gansu , Venxian env. , 18–25 Jun. 1995, Beneš leg. ( ERC); 1 ♂, Gansu, Kansou mer., Hoei Sein ( ERC); 7 ♂♂, 5♀♀ ( AMNH), 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ ( ERC), Yunnan, “ Thibet ”; 1 ♂, Jiangsu, Nanking , 29 Oct 1923 ( USNM); 1 ♂, Shaanxi, Wanrong, 35°25′18″ N, 110°50′40″ E, 27 Mar. 1995, Li Qingsen leg. ( IZAS); 2 ♂♂, Jiangsu, Chemo , 11–12 May 1935, O. Piel coll., IOZ(E) 902241-42 ( IZAS); 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀, Jiangsu, Chemo, 23–26 Apr. 1918, IOZ(E) 902238-40, IOZ(E) 902473 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Zhejiang, Mokanshan , IOZ(E) 902251 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Zhejiang, Suichang suburb, 24 Apr. 1988, Dong Sansong leg., IOZ(E) 902440 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Zhejiang, Chusan , 23 Apr. 1935, IOZ(E) 902253 ( IZAS); 1 ♀, Hubei, Xingshan, Longmen River , 31°19′44″ N, 110°29′50″ E, 1300 m, 10 May 1994, Li Wenzhu leg., 31572 Inst. Zool. Acad. Sin. ( IZAS); 4 ♂♂, Sichuan, Luding, Detuo to Moxi , 1300 m, 20 May 2009, Yang Ganyan leg. ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Sichuan, Dujiangyan, Huaxi , 31°3′14″ N, 103°42′55″ E, 721 m, 12 May 2009, Yang Ganyan leg. ( IZAS); 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, Sichuan, Luding, Moxi , 29°38′55″ N, 102°7′56″ E, 1500 m, 17–18 Jun. 1983, Wang Shuyong and Chen Yuanqing leg., IOZ(E) 902156-57/235 ( IZAS); 1 ♀, Sichuan, Wanxian, Wang’erbao, 30°40′7″ N, 108°45′30″ E, 1200 m, 28 May 1994, Zhang Youwei leg., 36965 Inst. Zool. Acad. Sin., IOZ(E) 902466 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Yunnan, Simao , 22°47′28″ N, 100°58′54″ E, IOZ(E) 902236 ( IZAS); 1 ♂ ( H. bioculatus sensu Ma Wenzhen, 1992 ) Yunnan, Gongshan County, Bingzhongluo, 28°0′55″ N, 98°37′58″ E, 1790 m, Sino-Ameica Exped., 6 Jul. 2000, Liang H.B. N28.01 E98.61 ( IZAS); 1 ♀, Yunnan, Gongshan , 27°44′49″ N, 98°40′21″ E, 1560 m, 15 Jun. 1983, IOZ(E) 902249 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Yunnan, Diqing, Weixi , Baijixun , 27°22′2″ N, 99°5′40″ E, 1900 m, 3 Jul. 1979, Yan Xiangqun leg. ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Yunnan, Lushui, 25°49′45″ N, 98°51′52″ E, 2150 m, 11 Jun. 1981, Wang Shuyong leg., IOZ(E) 902244 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Yunnan, Dali , May 1981, IOZ(E) 902469 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Yunnan, Heqing, Liuhe , 26°25′29″ N, 100°20′39″ E, 2000 m, 1 Jun. 1980, IOZ(E) 902252 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Yunnan, Kaiyuan, Mazheshao , 23°44′38″ N, 103°25′32″ E, 1800 m, 26 Apr. 1970, Wang Zhengjun etc. leg., IOZ(E) 902250 ( IZAS); 1 ♂, Yunnan, Fugong , 1196 m, 18 May 1983, IOZ(E) 902468 ( IZAS).

Remarks

In a long period of time when valgine specimens rarely reached European museums from China, specimens of H. thibetanus were described several times under different names. Study of the types of several Chinese species, i.e., Hybovalgus yunnanus Moser, 1906 ; Valgus pubicollis Pic, 1928 ; Dasyvalgus savioi Pic, 1928 and Hybovalgus laticollis Arrow, 1944 , showed us that these species are morphologically close to one another and their aedeagi are nearly identical. Even Pic described this species twice under two different names in the same year ( Pic 1928a, 1928b). Finally, when Arrow (1944) described H. laticollis , due to World War II, types deposited in other European museums were inaccessible for study and he had to work on the basis of descriptions only, and it is known that Pic’s descriptions were too concise.

Until now the female of H. thibetanus was unknown. Krajčík (2011), listing H. versicolor Moser, 1908 within the Chinese Valginae (sensu Krikken 1984), doubtfully proposed that this species is the female of, and thus a junior synonym of, H. thibetanus . The study of the LT ( Moser 1908 did not specify how many specimens he had for study) of H. versicolor and morphological comparison with H. thibetanus confirm that the two specimens are male and female of the same species, whose correct name is H. thibetanus (new junior synonym). The synonymy is reinforced by the study of eleven other females collected in the same locality and at the same day as the males (see list of material examined).

Species variability

Males

In most specimens the legs are black, but in a few they are castaneous. The same is true for the propygidium and pygidium. The scales on the propygidium and pygidium vary in colour, from light testaceous to dark testaceous (see Fig. 9 A–D). Sometimes the last visible sternites and the anal sternite are glabrous instead of covered with thick scales. The size of males is variable: length from 5.7 to 7.6 mm; width from 3.5 to 4.2 mm.

Females

The colour of the integuments and scales varies in the same way as in males. The same with size: length from to 5.8 to 8.3 mm; width from 3.3 to 4.0 mm.

Flight period

Specimes were collected between the end of March and early June. Some specimens are labelled as having been collected in September and October (see list of studied material), but these records must be confirmed by other finds. Specimens have been collected from 700 to 2000 m.

Distribution

Hybovalgus thibetanus is endemic to continental China and inhabits most of the central provinces: Yunnan, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Shaanxi, Jiangxi, Hubei, Gansu and Zhejiang. The absence from the other central provinces of China (Guizhou, Hunan, Anhui and Henan) is probably due to a lack of collecting. Hybovalgus thibetanus seems to be absent from the southern Chinese Provinces; we have no records from Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan or Fujian.

The name of this species, “ thibetanus ”, is from ancient collecting when the northernmost parts of Yunnan were considered to be part of Tibet. To date, there are no specimens of this species known to us collected in Myanmar, Arunachal Pradesh or the southern Xizang valleys, but the presence of H. thibetanus there is possible (see Fig. 10 , which shows the distribution of H. thibetanus in Yunnan’s valleys close to Myanmar's borders).

Figures

Fig. 9. Hybovalgus thibetanus (Nonfried, 1891). A–B. ♂ from Sichuan (ERC). A. Habitus, dorsal view. B. Propygidium and pygidium. C–D. ♂ from Yunnan (ERC). C. Habitus, dorsal view. D. Propygidium and pygidium. E–F. LT, ♂ (MNHUB). E. Aedeagus, dorsal view. F. Aedeagus, lateral view (grey: parameres; white: phallobase). G–H. ♀ from Sichuan (ERC). G. Habitus dorsal view. H. Propygidium and pygidium. I–J. ♀ from Shaanxi (ERC). I. Habitus, dorsal view. J. Propygidium and pygidium.

Fig. 10. Localities in Yunnan where specimens of Hybovalgus thibetanus (Nonfried, 1891) were collected. Base Map from Google Earth.