Horaeomorphus hainanicus D.-Y. Zhou & S.-J. Zhang

Zhou, De-Yao, Zhang, Su-Jiong & Li, Li-Zhen, 2016, Contributions to the knowledge of the genus Horaeomorphus Schaufuss (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae) in mainland China, ZooKeys 572, pp. 51-70 : 54-55

Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Staphylinidae

Horaeomorphus hainanicus D.-Y. Zhou & S.-J. Zhang sp. n. Figs 2, 4

Type material

(20 ♂♂, 25 ♀♀). Holotype: CHINA: ♂, labeled 'China: Hainan, Ledong Hsien [乐东县], Jianfengling [尖峰岭] N.R., Mingfenggu [鸣凤谷], 18°44'30"N, 108°50'29"E, rainforest, decaying log from a colony termite nest, 995 m, 23.i.2015, Peng, Yin, Tu, Song, Shen, Zhou, Yan, Wang leg.'. Paratypes: 7 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀, same locality as holotype; 1 ♀, same locality as holotype, except 'alt. 950m, 30-IV-2012, PAN Y.H. & LI W. R. leg.'; 6 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀, labeled 'China: Hainan, Qiongzhong Hsien [琼州县], Limu Mt [黎母山], nr. residence, path to peak, 19°10'04"N, 109°44'45"E, decaying log, 1000 m, 31.i.2015, Peng, Yin,Tu, Song, Shen, Zhou, Yan, Wang leg.'; 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀, same locality as previously except ‘01.ii.2015’; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same locality as previously except 'nr. residence, 19°10'04"N, 109°44'45"E, decaying log, 625m, 29.i.2015'; 1 ♂, same locality as previously except 'path to Limu Temple, 19°08'09"N, 109°45'46"E, 580-760m, 29.i.2015, Peng, Yin, Tu, Song, Shen leg.'; 2 ♂♂, 1♀, labeled 'China: Hainan, Wuzhi Shan [五指山] N. R., nr.reservoir, 18°53'10"N, 109°36'11"E, 500m, 22.iv.2012, leaf litter, sifted, Peng& Dai leg.'.

Diagnosis.

Horaeomorphus hainanicus can be readily separated from all other congeners by its moderately large (2.53-3.08 mm) and elongate body, fine punctation on pronotal disc and elytra, rounded apices of metatrochanters in male, parameres each with 3-5 apical setae and two subapical setae, unique structure of endophallus and shape of spermatheca.

Description.

Male. BL 2.77-3.08 mm; body (Fig. 2A) large, strongly convex, reddish brown, legs and palpi slightly lighter. Head broadest at large, finely faceted and moderately convex eyes, HL 0.40-0.48 mm, HW 0.58-0.68 mm; tempora rounded and slightly shorter than eye in dorsal view; vertex strongly transverse and weakly convex, with pair of small but distinct pits located near posterior margins of supra-antennal tubercles; frons weakly convex; supra-antennal tubercles strongly raised. Punctation on vertex and frons fine and inconspicuous; setae moderately long, sparse. Antennae (Fig. 4A) short, AnL 1.21-1.24 mm, relative lengths of antennomeres: 1.0: 1.1: 1.7: 1.5: 1.4: 1.5: 1.2: 1.1: 1.2: 1.1: 2.2. Pronotum inversely subtrapezoidal, widest near anterior third, PL 0.87-0.94 mm, PWm 0.72-0.81 mm, PWb 0.52-0.58 mm; anterior margin rounded, sides narrowing toward base; hind angles obtuse and blunt; posterior collar delimited from disc by deep and narrow transverse groove connecting three small pits. Punctation on disc as fine as that on frons and vertex; dorsal surface glossy; setation moderately long. Elytra oval and elongate, moderately convex; widest near anterior third, narrowing toward apices. EL 1.50-1.66 mm, EW 0.92-1.04 mm, EI 1.59-1.63. Humeral calli distinct. Punctures more distinct than those on pronotum, sharply marked and separated by spaces 3 –4× as wide as puncture diameters; setation moderately dense. Hindwings fully developed. Metatrochanter (Fig. 4I) modified, with distal part protruded and recurved; as long as half of metafemur, apex rounded. Aedeagus (Fig. 4 B–D) elongate, AeL 0.53 mm; endophallus (Fig. 4 F–G) very complicated, with large bell-shaped central complex surrounded at each side by weakly sclerotized, elongate lateral structures; parameres (Fig. 4E) slender, longer than median lobe, each with 3-5 apical setae and two subapical setae.

Female. Similar to male, with slightly smaller body and unmodified metatrochanter. BL 2.53-2.85 mm, HL 0.39-0.42 mm, HW 0.57-0.62 mm, AnL 1.11-1.20 mm, relative lengths of antennomeres: 1.0: 1.1: 1.5: 1.4: 1.4: 1.3: 1.1: 1.1: 1.2: 1.2: 2.2. PL 0.76-0.88 mm, PWm 0.63-0.74 mm, PWb 0.49-0.54 mm; EL 1.39-1.54 mm, EW 0.84-0.97 mm, EI 1.58-1.64, spermatheca (Fig. 4H) ovoid, slightly elongate, SpL 0.12 mm.

Comments.

Horaeomorphus hainanicus is similar to many congeners (see comments at Horaeomorphus chinensis ), and has a similar endophallic structures and the shape of spermatheca as Horaeomorphus chinensis . The relatively larger body (2.77-3.08 mm in males), the pronotal and elytral surface glossy, protruded metatrochanters with rounded apices and subtle differences in the endophallus can be used to readily separate this species from Horaeomorphus chinensis .

Bionomics.

Specimens of the type series were collected from ant and termite nest material in rotten wood and under bark of standing rotten logs in rainforests of Hainan.

Distribution.

Southern China: Hainan.

Etymology.

The specific epithet refers to the province where the type locality of the new species lies.