Hemilienardia acinonyx, Fedosov & Stahlschmidt & Puillandre & Aznar-Cormano & Bouchet & Umr & Umr, 2017

Fedosov, Alexander E., Stahlschmidt, Peter, Puillandre, Nicolas, Aznar-Cormano, Laetitia & Bouchet, Philippe, 2017, Not all spotted cats are leopards: evidence for a Hemilienardia ocellata species complex (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Raphitomidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 268, pp. 1-20 : 11-13

Hemilienardia acinonyx sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0B56D2CD-F00D-4749-9C62-0993A5C2B3F2

Figs 2 E–F, 3D–E, 4C

Etymology

The epithet refers to the genus Acinonyx (family Felidae ) and its graceful member, the cheetah. Used as a noun in apposition.

Type material

Holotype

PHILIPPINES: Panglao Island , off Momo Beach, lumun-lumun net, 60–80 m (lv, 8.1 mm - Fig. 2E ) ( MNHN IM-2013-33593 ).

Paratypes

PHILIPPINES: paratype 1, same locality as holotype (lv, 5.5 mm) ( MNHN IM-2013-33592); paratype 2, same locality as holotype (lv, 7,6 mm) ( MNHN IM-2013-33594); paratype 3, Balicasag Island, lumunlumun net, 70–80 m (lv, 7.0 mm) ( PS- 020556).

Other material examined

PAPUA NEW GUINEA: KAVIENG 2014, stn KB20, S coast of Baudisson Island, 2°45.2' S, 150°41.7' E, 8 m (1 dd, 6.8 mm).

LOYALTY ISLANDS: Lifou, Atelier LIFOU 2000: stn 1441, Baie du Santal, 20°46.4' S, 167°02.0' E, 20 m (1 lv, 5.4 mm - Fig. 2F ); stn 1448, Baie du Santal, 20°45.8' S, 167°01.65' E, 20 m (1 lv, 5.0 mm - Fig. 3 D–E).

PHILIPPINES: same locality as holotype (juveniles, 4 lv, 2.9 mm, 2.8 mm, 2.7 mm, 2.5 mm).

NEW CALEDONIA: LAGON Secteur de Poindimié, stn DW 830, 20°49' S, 165°19' E, 105–110 m (1 dd, 3.3 mm).

FIJI: MUSORSTOM 10, stn CP1363, 18°12' S, 178°33' E, 144–150 m (1 dd, 4.4 mm).

Description

SHELL. Small, broadly fusiform to biconical (b/h 0.47; lw/h 0.67–0.69; a/h 0.48–0.5), with rather long and slightly recurved siphonal canal. Spire orthoconoid, teleoconch of 3.5–5 whorls. Suture incised, undulating. Adapical portion of teleoconch whorls forming wide concave depression, basal portion strongly convex, with periphery shifted towards lower suture. Sculpture of very strong, widely interspaced axial ribs (9–10 on last whorl), vanishing on adapical areas of whorls. Axial ribs overridden by rounded spiral cords, slightly thickened where intersecting axials. Interspaces shallow. Microsculpture of dense tubercles covering entire teleoconch surface and fine arcuate growth lines in adapical depression. Spire whorls sculptured with three spiral cords, adapical one weaker, than two succeeding; second spiral cord strongly elevated, giving spire whorls indistinctly shouldered appearance. Last adult whorl with 6 major spiral cords, and distinct thread situated in interspace between third and fourth major cords. Siphonal canal long, recurved abaxially, deeply notched at its tip, sculptured with oblique rows of tubercles. Aperture elongate, slightly contorted. Outer apertural lip with moderately developed varix, its inside with four denticles, of which the adapicalmost is strongest. Inner lip contorted below its mid-height, with oblique cords sculpturing fasciole, continuing inside aperture. Anal sinus rounded, deep and rather narrow, slightly constricted by subsutural callous tubercle.

PROTOCONCH. White, narrowly conical, of 2.3 evenly convex whorls. PI whorls with sharp spiral cords on its abapical portion, intersected by short axial strokes to form elevated, cross-shaped tubercles. PII sculptured with subsutural row of fine, evenly spaced, axial riblets and bearing somewhat “crumpled” diagonally cancellate sculpture on periphery.

COLOUR. Background colour white with yellow line in interspace between third and fourth spiral cords, and regular triangular or squarish olive blotches encircled by darker line, situated above third spiral cord in interspaces between axial folds. Similar blotches covering shell base and siphonal canal.

RADULA. Very small, consisting of less than 10 rows of marginal teeth that are triangular, flat, with slightly thickened margins ( Fig. 4D ). Tooth width about 24 μm, length about 35 μm (about 1.5% of aperture height).

DIMENSIONS. Holotype 8.1 × 3.8 mm.

Distribution and habitat

Recorded from the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia and Fiji, living at depths of 20– 70 m.

Remarks

Hemilienardia acinonyx sp. nov. can be distinguished from other eye-spotted species of Hemilienardia by its orthoconoid spire with rather small protoconch, and the presence of the diagnostic spiral thread in the interspace between the third and fourth spiral cords. The ocellae decorating shell of H. acinonyx sp. nov. are usually triangular or squarish, which easily tells it apart from the more common H. ocellata . Specimens of H. acinonyx sp. nov. from the type locality notably exceed other ocellated species of Hemilienardia in size, as they may reach a height of 10–12 mm. Besides, the radula teeth in studied specimens of H. acinonyx sp. nov. are about three times shorter compared to the marginals of H. ocellata , and are flattened, broadly triangular in shape.

Figures

Fig. 2. Species of the Hemilienardia ocellata complex. The SEM image with no letter denoted shows standard measurements. A–D. Hemilienardia ocellata (Jousseaume, 1884). A–B. Syntype, MNHN IM-2000-3128, Mauritius, 4.0 mm. C. Loyalty Islands, Lifou, Baie du Santal, Atelier Lifou 2000, stn 1429, 20°47.5' S, 167°07.1' E, 8–18 m, 4.4 mm. D. New Caledonia, Secteur de Koumac, Expedition Montrouzier, stn 1319, 20°44.7' S, 164°15.5' E, 15–20 m, 3.6 mm. E–F. Hemilienardia acinonyx sp. nov. E. Holotype, MNHN IM-2013-33593, Philippines, 8.1 mm. F. Loyalty Islands, Lifou, Baie du Santal, Atelier Lifou 2000, stn 1441, 20°46.4' S, 167°02.0' E, 20 m, 5.4 mm. G–H. Hemilienardia lynx sp. nov., holotype, MNHN IM-2013-5489, Papua New Guinea, 2.75 mm. I–M. Hemilienardia pardus sp. nov. I. BMOO 17147, Society Islands, Moorea. K. Holotype, MNHN IM-2000-31661, 5.8 mm. L–M. Loyalty Islands, Lifou, Baie du Santal, Atelier Lifou 2000, stn 1454, 20°56.65' S, 167°02.0' E, 15–18 m, 5.2 mm.

Fig. 3. Protoconch and shell morphology in the Hemilienardia ocellata complex. A–C. H. ocellata (Jousseaume, 1884). A. Specimen from the Maldives, Ari Atoll, Maagau Kandu, 25 m, 3.1 mm long. B–C. Specimen from New Caledonia, Expedition MONTROUZIER, stn 1319, 20°44.7' S, 164°15.5' E, 15–20 m, 3.6 mm long. D–E. H. acinonyx sp. nov. Specimen from the Loyalty Islands, Lifou, Baie du Santal, Atelier Lifou 2000, stn 1448, 20°45.8' S, 167°01.65' E, 20 m, 5.0 mm long. F–G. H. lynx sp. nov. Holotype, MNHN IM-2013-5489, Madang District, off Kranket Island, PAPUA NIUGINI stn PP14, 05°12' S, 145°50' E, 100–120 m, 2.75 mm long. H–I. H. pardus sp. nov. Specimen from the Loyalty Islands, Lifou, Baie du Santal, Atelier LIFOU 2000, stn 1454, 20°56.65' S, 167°02.0' E, 15–18 m, 5.2 mm long.

Fig. 4. Marginal radular teeth of some species of Hemilienardia. A. H. malleti (Récluz, 1852) (from Kantor & Taylor 2002). B–C. H. ocellata (Jousseaume, 1884). Specimen from the Loyalty Islands, Lifou, Baie du Santal, Atelier LIFOU 2000, stn 1429, 20°47.5' S, 167°07.1' E, 8–18 m, 4.4 mm long. D. H. acinonyx sp. nov. Specimen from the Loyalty Islands, Lifou, Baie du Santal, Atelier LIFOU 2000, stn 1448, 20°45.8' S, 167°01.65' E, 20 m, 5.0 mm long.